A5035406789- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Plant and animal studies
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Fish biology, ecology, and behavior
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Amphibian and Reptile Biology
- Bat Biology and Ecology Studies
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Marine and fisheries research
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Sports Performance and Training
- Bird parasitology and diseases
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Auburn University
2022-2024
Williams College
2017-2022
Versus Arthritis
2019
University of Oxford
2016-2018
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2017
Ecological Society of America
2017
University of California, Riverside
2010-2016
United States Geological Survey
2006-2015
University of Massachusetts Amherst
2014-2015
University of Montana
2006-2007
Theory suggests evolutionary change can significantly influence and act in tandem with ecological forces via ecological-evolutionary feedbacks. This theory assumes that significant occurs over ecologically relevant timescales phenotypes have differential effects on the environment. Here we test hypothesis local adaptation causes ecosystem structure function to diverge. We demonstrate populations of Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata), characterized by differences phenotypic...
Theory predicts shorter embryonic periods in species with greater embryo mortality risk and smaller body size. Field studies of 80 passerine on three continents yielded data that largely conflicted theory; incubation (embryonic) were longer rather than species, egg (embryo) explained some variation within regions, but did not explain larger differences among geographic regions. Incubation behavior parents seems to these discrepancies. Bird embryos are effectively ectothermic depend warmth...
1. Life histories evolve as a response to multiple agents of selection, such age-specific mortality, resource availability or environmental fluctuations. Predators can affect life-history evolution directly, by increasing the mortality prey, and indirectly, modifying prey density resources available survivors. Increasing survivor densities intensify intraspecific competition cause evolutionary changes in their selectivity, also affecting nutrient acquisition. 2. Here, we show that different...
Modelling the effects of environmental change on populations is a key challenge for ecologists, particularly as pace increases. Currently, modelling efforts are limited by difficulties in establishing robust relationships between drivers and population responses. We developed an integrated capture-recapture state-space model to estimate two (stream flow temperature) demographic rates (body growth, movement survival) using long-term (11 years), high-resolution (individually tagged, sampled...
Recent study of feedbacks between ecological and evolutionary processes has renewed interest in population regulation density-dependent selection because they represent black-box descriptions these feedbacks. The roles life-history evolution have received a significant amount theoretical attention, but there are few empirical examples demonstrating their importance. We address this challenge natural populations the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata) that differ predation regimes. First,...
Understanding how multiple extrinsic (density-independent) factors and intrinsic (density-dependent) mechanisms influence population dynamics has become increasingly urgent in the face of rapidly changing climates. It is particularly unclear with contrasting effects among seasons are related to declines numbers changes mean body size whether there a strong role for density-dependence. The primary goal this study was identify roles seasonal variation climate driven environmental direct (mean...
Broad geographic patterns in egg and clutch mass are poorly described, potential causes of variation remain largely unexamined. We describe interspecific avian within among diverse regions explore hypotheses related to allometry, size, nest predation, adult mortality, parental care as correlates possible explanations variation. studied 74 species Passeriformes at four latitudes on three continents: the north temperate United States, tropical Venezuela, subtropical Argentina, south South...
The breeding ecology of south temperate bird species is less widely known than that north species, yet because they comprise a large portion the world's avian diversity, knowledge their can contribute to more comprehensive understanding geographic diversity reproductive traits and life history strategies. We provide first detailed examination strategies 18 forest passerines subtropical, northwestern Argentina. Mean clutch sizes were smaller egg mass was greater for birds, but differed among...
Ecological and evolutionary processes may interact on the same timescale, but we are just beginning to understand how. Several studies have examined net effects of adaptive evolution ecosystem properties. However, do not know whether these confined direct interactions or they propagate further through indirect ecological pathways. Even less well understood is how combination phenotype promotes inhibits change. We coupled mesocosm experiments modeling evaluate local adaptation in Trinidadian...
Metabolic rate has been linked to multiple components of fitness and is both heritable repeatable a certain extent. However, its repeatability can differ among studies, even after controlling for the time interval between measurements. Some this variation in may be due relative stability environmental conditions which animals are living We compared published estimates basal, resting, maximum metabolic from studies endotherms laboratory versus those wild during found that declines over time,...
Organisms can change their environment and in doing so the selection they experience how evolve. Population density is one potential mediator of such interactions because high population densities impact ecosystem reduce resource availability. At present, are best known from theory laboratory experiments. Here we quantify importance nature by transplanting guppies a stream where co-occur with predators into tributaries that previously lacked both predators. If evolve solely immediate...
Abstract Dispersal is a central life history trait that affects the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of populations communities. The recent use experimental evolution for study dispersal promising avenue demonstrating valuable proofs concept, bringing insight into alternative strategies trade‐offs, testing repeatability outcomes. Practical constraints restrict studies to set typically small, short‐lived organisms reared in artificial laboratory conditions. Here, we argue despite these...
Density-dependent selection, which promotes contrasting patterns of trait means at different population densities, has a long history in genetics and ecology. The unifying principle from theory is that density-dependent selection operates on phenotypic traits whose values counter the effects whatever ecological agent limiting growth, be it resource competition, predators, or pathogens. However, complexity inherent density dependence same selective process can generate multiple outcomes,...
In prior research, we found the way guppy life histories evolve in response to living environments with a high or low risk of predation is consistent life-history theory that assumes no density dependence. We later guppies from high-predation experience higher mortality rates than those low-predation environments, but increased was evenly distributed across all age/size classes. Life-history density-independent population growth predicts will not under such circumstances, yet have shown...
Abstract The effects of asymmetric interactions on population dynamics has been widely investigated, but there little work aimed at understanding how life history parameters like generation time, expectancy and the variance in lifetime reproductive success are impacted by different types competition. We develop a new framework for incorporating trait‐mediated density‐dependence into size‐structured models use Trinidadian guppies to show competitive impact parameters. Our results degree...
Ecological pressures such as competition can lead individuals within a population to partition resources or habitats, but the underlying intrinsic mechanisms that determine an individual's resource use are not well understood. Here we show own energy demand and associated competitive ability influence its use, only when food is more limiting. We tested whether intraspecific variation in metabolic rate leads microhabitat partitioning among juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) natural...
Abstract Over the past 15 years, number of papers focused on ‘eco‐evo dynamics’ has increased exponentially (Figure 1 ). This pattern suggests rapid growth a new, integrative discipline. We argue this overstates case. First, terms and interactions’ are used too imprecisely. As result, many studies that claim to describe eco‐evo dynamics actually describing basic ecological or evolutionary processes. Second, these often as if study how processes intertwined is novel when, in fact, it not. The...
Evolution of life history traits can occur rapidly and has the potential to influence ecological processes, which also be shaped by abiotic biotic factors. Few studies have shown that phenotype affect processes as much commonly studied variables, but currently we do not know how effects compare in size factors, or whether phenotypes are sensitive variability conditions. Using a factorial mesocosm experiment compared ecosystem guppy Poecilia reticulata two light treatments representing...
When females prefer mates with rare phenotypes, sexual selection can maintain rather than deplete genetic variation. However, there is no consensus on why this widespread and frequently observed preference might evolve persist. We examine the fitness consequences of female for male color patterns in a natural population Trinidadian guppies, using pedigree that spans 10 generations. demonstrate (i) reproductive advantage, (ii) mate males gain an indirect advantage through mating success their...
Abstract The breeding ecology of south temperate bird species is less widely known than that north species, yet because they comprise a large portion the world's avian diversity, knowledge their can contribute to more comprehensive understanding geographic diversity reproductive traits and life history strategies. We provide first detailed examination strategies 18 forest passerines subtropical, northwestern Argentina. Mean clutch sizes were smaller egg mass was greater for birds, but...
Summary Trait evolution can occur in response to anthropogenic alterations ecosystems and on timescales similar those of ecological processes suggesting that it could alter ecosystem function. In this study, we characterise the effects life history nutrient recycling using Trinidadian guppy ( Poecilia reticulata ) as a model system. Guppy traits evolve predation pressure. When pressure is removed, population density average body size also increase. Therefore, histories involves changes...