he advent of autonomous technologies necessitates a deeper understanding pedestrian behavior and safety in environments where pedestrians need to interact with driverless vehicles (DV). Our study explores how perceive react DVs compared Human-Driven Vehicles (HDV), focusing on objective measures such as gap acceptance (GA) psychophysiological indicators like Electro-dermal Activity (EDA). Structured three phases, the comprises preliminary questionnaire gauge public perception, followed by...

Under the safe system approach, drivers will inevitably make mistakes and errors that can contribute to crashes. Driver are widely cited as one of critical reasons for crash occurrence in safety literature. Despite universal acceptance, discussion their effects on injury outcomes is limited. The primary objective this study quantify driver severity model at urban intersections. To obtain research objectives, were categorized sequential events a driving task. Combinations error categories...

Three new species of heat-resistant fungi related to the hyphomycete Cladosporium staurophorum (Kendrick) M.B. Ellis were isolated from heat-treated soil commercial lowbush blueberry fields and other sites in eastern Canada. three produce characteristic dark, multicelled chlamy dospores. Phylogenetic analysis nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer DNA sequences suggest that these four form a monophyletic group is marginal Mycosphaerellaceae phylogenetically distinct sensu stricto. The...

This study focuses on analysis of statistical association between wet-pavement friction and roadway crashes aimed at answering these questions: (1) Is a significant factor for explaining variation in crash history? (2) this more relevant locations with high expected braking frequency, such as sharp curves intersections? The data set includes “found data” previously measured friction, “random which the was specifically project. Including random necessary to overcome bias found because they...

The injury severity of a driver in crash is significantly related to the driver's age and gender vehicle characteristics. Previous studies have used only information about most severely injured represent severity, ignoring other drivers involved crash, which can also be important explain severity. This study uses demographic all multi-vehicle predict using partial proportional odds model. Models incorporating characteristics vehicles were compared with models considering terms significance...

Adverse weather conditions are one of the primary causes motor vehicle crashes. To identify factors contributing to crashes during adverse and recommend cost-effective countermeasures, it is necessary develop reliable crash prediction models estimate weather-related frequencies. account for variations in count among different conditions, types, severities both rain- snow-related crashes, data on freeways was collected from State Connecticut, were developed counts by type severity each...

A large field-measured international roughness index (IRI) data set was collected in the summer and fall of 2001 on 650 highway kilometers with sections containing full-depth hot-mixed asphalt (HMA) HMA over portland cement; used to investigate relationships between IRI, rutting, pavement cracking. Parametric statistical analysis, linear regression, neural network models were a database 65,530 observations (10-m intervals). The goal relationship both rutting cracking (estimated from photolog...

New models and data are needed in microscopic traffic simulation tools to allow effective use with newer modal tailpipe emissions models. Traffic offer the ability simulate large, second-by-second vehicle operation sets as input for However, more improve of speed. This research analyzes dynamics unconstrained drivers real-world driving situations based on road geometry. Vehicle were collected by using an instrumented driven 22 volunteers over a 17-mi predetermined test route. The objective...

Estimating crash prediction models and applying the Empirical Bayesian approach in identifying hotspots for roads under municipal jurisdiction is often challenging due to lack of traffic count data. This study presents five hotspot identification (HSID) methods which annual average daily (AADT) information not required (i.e., frequency [CF], equivalent property damage only, relative severity index, excess predicted using method moments [MOM], cross sectional analysis [CSA]), identify road...

Acquiring real-world driver distribution data on roadways is a challenge. The quasi-induced exposure (QIE) method promising alternative as it only requires the available crash data. question to be answered through this study whether not-at-fault assumption of QIE still holds when population broken down smaller geographical levels, such counties, towns, or routes. This important because result will provide statistical support choose for against application at disaggregate levels. In study,...

Quasi-induced exposure (QIE) is an effective technique for estimating the of a specific driving or vehicle population when real data are not available. Typically crash prediction models carried out at site level, that is, segment intersection. Driving characteristics generally available this however, and thus omitted from count models. Because sparsity traffic crashes, distributions level using individual sites challenging. This study proposes to obtain demographic proportions incorporate in...

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) as a growing technology are expected to improve drivers’ performance by carrying out some of the tasks and utilizing monitoring warning maintain their awareness. In this study, reactions disengagement ADAS effectiveness steering wheel face tracking were evaluated using driving simulation. The study was designed mixed design experiment compare effects different types on response time, when drivers under audio-, visual-, or no distraction. Data from 60...

Transit buses represent a significant source of particulate exhaust emissions, especially in urban areas, but few previous studies have quantified these emissions by using real-world, onboard sampling while the vehicles operate transportation network. In this study, real-world particle number for hybrid diesel–electric (HDE) and conventional diesel (CD) are examined various vehicle operating conditions road types Hartford, Connecticut, region. The results presented paper based on analysis...

This paper evaluates the ability of Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers to determine accurately second-by-second operating mode a vehicle in real-world transportation network. GPS offers obtain velocity directly and acceleration data indirectly from traveling traffic Although has been used successfully travel behavior route choice surveys, uncertainty accuracy obtained warrants further investigation gain better understanding range spatial distribution emissions. In this study, two...

An instrumented minivan on a 30-mi (48-km) test route was used to measure second-by-second vehicle operating characteristics as well tailpipe particulate and gas emissions. The research objectives were (a) quantify the variability of emissions between 12 drivers (b) relative levels freeways, signalized arterials, rural two-lane local roads. results reaffirm that individual significantly affect levels. All concentrations also systematically related road type. Furthermore, could be grouped by...