Strong amplification in integrated photonics is one of the most desired optical functionalities for computing, communications, sensing, and quantum information processing. Semiconductor gain cubic nonlinearities, such as four-wave mixing stimulated Raman Brillouin scattering, have been among studied mechanisms on chip. Alternatively, material platforms with strong quadratic nonlinearities promise numerous advantages respect to bandwidth, which nanophotonic lithium niobate promising...

One of the most fundamental quantum states light is squeezed vacuum, in which noise one quadratures less than standard limit. Significant progress has been made generation optical vacuum and its utilization for numerous applications. However, it remains challenging to generate, manipulate, measure such nanophotonics with performances required a wide range scalable information systems. Here, we overcome this challenge lithium niobate by utilizing ultrashort-pulse phase-sensitive amplifiers...

In recent years, the computational demands of deep learning applications have necessitated introduction energy-efficient hardware accelerators. Optical neural networks are a promising option; however, thus far they been largely limited by lack nonlinear optical functions. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an all-optical Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU), which is most widely used activation function for learning, using periodically-poled thin-film lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguide and...

Mode-locked lasers (MLLs) generate ultrashort pulses with peak powers substantially exceeding their average powers. However, integrated MLLs that drive ultrafast nanophotonic circuits have remained elusive because of typically low powers, lack controllability, and challenges when integrating platforms. In this work, we demonstrate an electrically pumped actively MLL in lithium niobate based on its hybrid integration a III-V semiconductor optical amplifier. Our generates [Formula: see...

Widely tunable coherent sources are desirable in nanophotonics for a multitude of applications ranging from communications to sensing. The mid-infrared spectral region (wavelengths beyond 2 μm) is particularly important relying on molecular spectroscopy. Among sources, optical parametric oscillators typically offer some the broadest tuning ranges; however, their implementations have been limited narrow ranges infrared or visible wavelengths. Here, we surpass these limits...

Abstract Optical frequency comb is an enabling technology for a multitude of applications from metrology to ranging and communications. The tremendous progress in sources optical combs has mostly been centered around the near-infrared spectral region, while many demand visible mid-infrared, which have so far challenging achieve, especially nanophotonics. Here, we report widely tunable generation using parametric oscillators lithium niobate We demonstrate sub-picosecond beyond octave...

Efficient on-chip entangled photon pair generation at telecom wavelengths is an integral aspect of emerging quantum optical technologies, particularly for communication and computing. However, moving to shorter enables the use more accessible silicon detector technology, opens up applications in imaging spectroscopy. Here, we present high brightness ((1.6 ± 0.3) × 10 9 pairs/s/mW/nm) visible–near-IR a periodically poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguide. The degenerate spectrum pairs...

On-chip ultraviolet (UV) sources are of great interest for building compact and scalable atomic clocks, quantum computers, spectrometers. However, few material platforms suitable integrated UV light generation manipulation. Of these materials, thin-film lithium niobate offers unique advantages such as sub-micron modal confinement, strong nonlinearity, quasi-phase matching. Despite characteristics, its utilization in the has remained elusive because substantial sensitivity standard matching...

The growth of ultrafast nanophotonic circuits necessitates the development energy-efficient on-chip pulse characterization techniques. Nanophotonic realizations Frequency Resolved Optical Gating, a common technique in bulk optics, have been challenging due to their non-collinear nature and lack efficient nonlinear optical processes integrated platform. Here, we experimentally demonstrate novel FROG-based compatible with platform that leverages high gain-bandwidth dispersion-engineered...

Few- and single-cycle optical pulses their associated ultra-broadband spectra have been crucial in the progress of ultrafast science technology. Multi-color waveforms composed independently manipulable ultrashort distinct spectral bands offer unique advantages pulse synthesis high harmonic generation. However, generation control has required bulky systems at tabletop scale. Quadratic soliton compression theoretically offers a direct route to few-cycle, two-color but is fundamentally limited...

Over the past decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has led to disruptive advancements in fundamental sciences and everyday technologies. Among various machine learning algorithms, deep neural networks have become instrumental revealing complex patterns large datasets with key applications computer vision, natural language processing, predictive analytics. On-chip photonic offer a promising platform that leverage high bandwidths low propagation losses associated optical signals perform analog...

Squeezed vacuum, a fundamental resource for continuous-variable quantum information processing, has been used to demonstrate advantages in sensing, communication, and computation. While most experiments use homodyne detection characterize squeezing are therefore limited electronic bandwidths, recent have shown optical parametric amplification (OPA) be viable measurement strategy. Here, we realize OPA-based state tomography integrated photonics the generation all-optical Wigner of squeezed...

Lithium niobate (LiNbO3, LN) is a ferroelectric crystal of interest for integrated photonics owing to its large second-order optical nonlinearity and the ability impart periodic poling via an external electric field. However, on-chip device performance based on thin-film lithium (TFLN) presently limited by propagation losses arising from surface roughness corrugations. Atomic layer etching (ALE) could potentially smooth these features thereby increase photonic performance, but no ALE process...

Photonics offers unique capabilities for quantum information processing (QIP) such as room-temperature operation, the scalability of nanophotonics, and access to ultrabroad bandwidths consequently ultrafast operation. Ultrashort pulse sources states in nanophotonics are an important building block achieving scalable QIP; however, their demonstrations so far have been sparse. Here, we demonstrate a femtosecond biphoton source dispersion-engineered periodically poled lithium niobate...

The introduction of nonlinear nanophotonic devices to the field optical frequency comb metrology has enabled new opportunities for low-power and chip-integrated clocks, high-precision synthesis, broad bandwidth spectroscopy. However, most these advances remain constrained near-infrared region spectrum, which restricted integration combs with numerous quantum atomic systems in ultraviolet visible. Here, we overcome this shortcoming multi-segment thin-film lithium niobate (LN) waveguides that...

Ultrabroadband frequency combs coherently unite distant portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. They underpin discoveries in ultrafast science and serve as building blocks modern photonic technologies. Despite tremendous progress integrated sources combs, achieving multi-octave operation on chip has remained elusive mainly because energy demand typical spectral broadening processes. Here we break this barrier demonstrate comb generation using an optical parametric oscillator (OPO)...

Photonics offers unique capabilities for quantum information processing (QIP) such as room-temperature operation, the scalability of nanophotonics, and access to ultrabroad bandwidths consequently ultrafast operation. Ultrashort-pulse sources states in nanophotonics are an important building block achieving scalable QIP, however, their demonstrations so far have been sparse. Here, we demonstrate a femtosecond biphoton source dispersion-engineered periodically poled lithium niobate...

Optical nonlinear functions are crucial for various applications in integrated photonics, such as all-optical information processing, photonic neural networks and on-chip ultrafast light sources. Due to the weak nonlinearities most platforms, realizing optical typically requires large driving energies picojoules level or beyond, thus imposing a barrier applications. Here, we tackle this challenge demonstrate an splitter device lithium niobate nano-waveguides by simultaneous engineering of...

We demonstrate phase-sensitive amplification and confirm aga in exceeding 100 dB/cm on a dispersion-engineered thin-film lithium niobate waveguide, using less than 20 pJ of pump energy, exhibiting gain bandwidth larger 600 nm around 2.09 μm.

Mode-locked lasers (MLLs) have enabled ultrafast sciences and technologies by generating ultrashort pulses with peak powers substantially exceeding their average powers. Recently, tremendous efforts been focused on realizing integrated MLLs not only to address the challenges associated size power demand, but also enable transforming into nanophotonic chips, ultimately unlock potential for a plethora of applications. However, till now prospect driving circuits has remained elusive because...

We implement a 40-pulse, time-multiplexed optical parametric oscillator in thin-film lithium niobate nanophotonics and demonstrate the independent phase behavior of pulses degenerate non-degenerate regimes, enabling scalable computers complex simulators.