Printed circuit board (PCB) stators in coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines have been proposed, designed, and studied for use multiple industries due to their design flexibility reduction of manufacturing costs, volume, weight compared conventional stators. This paper investigates mechanisms methods approximating open losses PCB within example wave spiral winding topologies a dual rotor, single stator configuration using 3D FEA, analytical hybrid techniques experiments. The...

Abstract Large‐scale design optimisation techniques enable the of high‐performance electric machines. Electromagnetic 3D finite element analysis (FEA) is typically employed in studies for accurate axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines, which require extensive computational resources. To reduce burden, a FEA‐based mathematical method relying on geometric and magnetic symmetry coreless AFPM machines proposed to estimate machine performance indicators using least number FEA solutions,...

This paper investigates employing a Halbach PM rotor array to increase torque and power density within coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines. Analytical 2/3-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) methods are developed study capabilities an example double-rotor, single-stator AFPM machine with PCB stator. Compared surface topology of the same mass volume, increases by as much 30% through increased airgap amplitude. Multiple parametric studies performed explore increasing...

This paper presents design and prototyping studies for coreless slotless permanent magnet (PM) machines, which have the potential high power density efficiency, discusses their feasibility electric aircraft propulsion. The emphasis is on axial flux (AFPM) machines with printed circuit board (PCB) stators that advantages over wired counterparts in terms of flexibility, coil accuracy, manufacturing process reliability, heat dissipation. Detailed electromagnetic finite element analysis models...

This paper proposes a novel concept for an electric generator in which both ac windings and permanent magnets (PMs) are placed the stator. Concentrated with special pattern phase coils separate slots employed. The PMs positioned spoke-type field concentrating arrangement, provides high flux intensification enables use of lower remanence energy non-rare earth magnets. rotor is exterior to stator has simple robust reluctance-type configuration without any active electromagnetic excitation...

This paper presents a large-scale multi-objective design optimization for direct-drive wind turbine generator concept that is based upon an experimentally validated computational model small-scale prototype motor of the same type. By integrating outer reluctance -type rotor and segmented stator with toroidally wound single-coil modules containing spoke PMs, aims to minimize losses, active mass, torque ripple while adhering power factor constraint. The AC windings PMs are positioned in this...

In this paper, a dual-stator axial flux permanent magnet machine with spoke-type rotor for electric vehicle applications is investigated. The PMs are positioned in field-concentrating arrangement, which provides high concentration. Two stators-one stator configuration double-layer wound coils and another without winding-are employed. usage of single-layer possible topology, by using type winding it to implement advanced in-slot cooling systems. Analytical electromagnetic finite element...

This paper presents a systematic design optimization and experimental study of coreless axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines with wave winding printed circuit board (PCB) stators. Existing PCB configurations are briefly reviewed compared to serve as performance reference. A new concept –the "macro coil"– is proposed model stator windings in 3D finite element analysis (FEA) facilitate large-scale multi-objective the eddy current losses evaluated each candidate. The detailed...

This paper proposes a multi-objective design optimization approach for printed circuit board (PCB) stator coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines based on detailed PCB layout. The process begins with the machine envelope an evolutionary algorithm and 3D finite element analysis (FEA) models continues of aimed at minimizing eddy circulating current losses. employs different open loss mitigation techniques while taking into account manufacturing limitations standards. is explained...

In this article, three impedance networks based on three-winding switched-coupled-inductors (SCLs) are proposed that improved compared to the successfully modified series and tapped SCL quasi-Z-source (mS/TSCL-qZSN). The have coupled windings in their topologies with two turn ratios be chosen arbitrarily, instead of only one ratio mS/TSCL-qZSNs. Consequently, a high degree design flexibility is achieved accompanied by low peaks both magnetizing input currents, which let smaller magnetic...

Printed circuit board (PCB) stators in coreless axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines have been proposed, designed and studied for utilization multiple industries due to their design flexibility reduction of manufacturing costs, volume, weight compared conventional stators. This paper investigated loss mechanisms methods approximating winding supplementary losses PCB with example wave spiral topologies a dual rotor, single stator configuration using 3D FEA models 15 hour runtime. The...

This paper presents a technique in order to estimate the rotor speed and position of BLDC machine. In proposed method, particle filter (PF) is employed state variables machine using measured currents line voltages. PF type stochastic filters that has wide applications estimation non-linear systems. The main aim this utilize sensorless control investigate algorithm performance. addition, effective parameters accuracy transient response are discussed. simulation performed MATLAB/SIMULINK...

This paper presents a multi-objective design optimization for novel direct-drive wind turbine generator. The proposed electric machine topology employs an outer rotor of the reluctance type and special modular stator including three phase-windings spoke-type permanent magnets (PMs). Each module includes single coil toroidally wound around ferromagnetic core. Consecutive modules are separated by PMs include coils belonging to different phase. An method with objectives: total power loss,...

This paper presents a dual-mode controller designed to enable high-polarity coreless stator axial flux PM (AFPM) machine operate over wide range of speeds. The proposed approach includes combination sine-wave (field-oriented) and square-wave control schemes. Coreless machines offer the advantage being effortlessly controlled using voltages, thanks absence core losses negligible torque ripple caused by lack magnetic core. By adopting control, need for high-precision encoders is eliminated,...

This paper discusses the parameter identification of MAGNUS, a dual-stator Vernier-type axial-flux machine. MAGNUS machine can operate with minimum number stator slots at an extremely high polarity and is designed spoke-type permanent magnet rotor which capable achieving very flux concentration ratio. The direct quadrature axis inductances are obtained through multiple methods, it shown that despite having rotor, has non-salient behavior. also examines effects non-linearity content...

This paper investigates the performance of a newly developed particle filter (PF) algorithm for sensorless control Brushless DC (BLDC) machines. A number modifications have also been incorporated to proposed PF in order improve its with respect resampling process and robust operation when unpredicted disturbances are occurred. The investigated this include presence unconventional Non-Gaussian noises, changes machine's parameters, occurrence inter-turn short circuit fault. In addition,...