The advancement of computer vision technology has allowed for the easy detection weeds and other stressors in turfgrasses agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate feasibility single shot object detectors weed lawns, which represents a difficult task. In this study, four different YOLO (You Only Look Once) version, along with all their various scales, were trained on public ‘Weeds’ dataset 4203 digital images growing lawns total 11,385 annotations tested turfgrasses. Different species...

Sustainable turfgrass management is essential for maintaining healthy and visually appealing green spaces. Autonomous mowers have emerged as an innovative solution, but the efficiency quality of mowing operations depend on several factors. This study investigates impact patterns cutting heights performance autonomous mower through updated custom-built software. Three different (vertical, diagonal, horizontal) two (3 cm 6 cm) were analyzed to analyze efficiency, coverage, uniformity. The...

Conservation Agriculture practices in Organic Farming can enhance the sustainability of these farming systems. However, have economic and environmental implications for farmers, which must be considered. In present study, eight technical itineraries were compared tomato cultivation. These differed how reduced no-tillage used to manage four soil cover types control weeds. The itinerary’s gross salable production (GSP), income (GI), CO2 emissions evaluated. second growing season, itinerary...

Autonomous mowers are battery-powered machines designed for lawn mowing that require very low human labour. can increase turf quality and reduce local noise pollution compared with gasoline-powered rotary mowers. However, little is known about the effects of autonomous on encroaching weeds. The aim this research was to compare an mower ordinary weed development in artificially infested tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) different nitrogen (N) rates. A three-way factor experimental...

Battery-powered autonomous mowers are designed to reduce the need of labor for lawn mowing compared with traditional endothermic engine and at same time abate local emissions noise. The aim this research was compare mower rotary on a tall fescue ( Festuca arundinacea ) under different nitrogen (N) rates. A two-way factor experimental design three replications adopted. In study, four N rates (0, 50, 100, 150 kg·ha −1 two systems (autonomous vs. gasoline-powered walk-behind equipped mulching)...

The termination of cover crops in conventional no-till systems is mostly conducted mechanically combination with herbicides. Combining flaming and roller crimpers could be a viable solution to avoid using herbicides for crop farming where are banned, or at least reduce their use an integrated management approach. This research tested the effects used three different types terminate fall-sown mixture winter pea barley. rate was visually assessed terms percentage green provided by plants...

Organic vegetable production is particularly affected by weed pressure and mechanical weeding the major tactic implemented growers to keep weeds under economic thresholds. Living mulch (LM) has been shown provide several environmental services; however, LM management required avoid competition between service crops cash crops. The aim of this trial was evaluate two innovative LM-based systems: a system that provided growth regulation means flaming (LM-FL) where regularly mowed an autonomous...

P eruzzi A, R affaelli M, F rasconi C, ontanelli M & B àrberi (2012) Influence of an injection system on the effect activated soil steaming Brassica juncea and natural weed seedbank. Weed Research 52 , 140–152. Summary Soil is a promising preventive method for control in high‐value cash crops, such as vegetables flowers. A 2‐year experiment (2005–2006) was carried out to test five different systems steam (surface or deep bar three mixed at distribution ratios between surface bar: 1:2;...

A combination of organic and conservation approaches have not been widely tested, neither considering agronomic implications nor the impacts on environment. Focussing effect agricultural practices greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from soil, hypothesis this research is that system (ORG+) may reduce N2O, CH4 CO2 compared to an integrated farming (INT) (ORG) in a two-year irrigated vegetable crop rotation set up 2014, Mediterranean The included: Savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. sabauda L....

Organic farming systems are considered not compatible with conservation tillage mainly because of the reliance conservative on herbicides. In this three-year field experiment, we tested performances an innovative vegetable organic and system (ORG+) combining use cover crops (exploited as either living or dead mulch) no-till techniques. This was compared to “business-as-usual” (ORG) integrated (INT) based same crop sequence: savoy cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. sabauda L. cv. Famosa), spring...

Vineyards are among the land uses with highest soil degradation rate in Mediterranean Europe, mainly due to intensive tillage management. Therefore, practices able foster health critical promote sustainable wine production. We studied following treatments two organic farms Chianti Classico (Italy): conventional tillage, spontaneous vegetation, pigeon bean (Vicia faba var. minor) incorporated spring and a mixture of barley (Hordeum vulgare) squarrosum clover (Trifolium squarrosum), both left...

Vegetable transplanting is an important and advantageous practice in vegetables production systems. In recent years, the development of vegetable tools has increased, as well interest for automatic robotic transplanters. However, at present, feeding machines often still performed by hand. This paper presents design, testing a needle gripper two-finger transplanting. Both grippers were self-designed tested picking, lifting plug seedlings. Tests have been conducted on fennel (Foeniculum...

In the Mediterranean area, vineyard soils are often characterized by a high stone content. these contexts, where tools commonly adopted for under-row weed control frequently damaged, utilization of chain mower could be preferable alternative. This research aims to compare modified with chains other employed that weeds through tillage, such as motorized discs, blade weeder, and rotary star hoe. Weed effectiveness, effects on flora composition, soil compaction, operative efficiencies were...

Gaining information on the impact of lawn management with autonomous mowers floristic composition is crucial to improve their plant biodiversity. In this study, an mower a reduced mowing frequency and more sporadic system ride-on rotary were compared in terms effect three dicotyledonous species (Phyla nodiflora, Lotus corniculatus Sulla coronaria) transplanted onto stands Bermuda Manila grass. Regardless system, P. nodiflora achieved best results survival for both lawns (74.92 58.57% grass,...

<abstract> <bold><sc>Abstract. </sc></bold>Weed control is a major issue not only in agriculture but also on hard surfaces urban and suburban contexts. Weeds can cause serious damage to structures are often considered as sign of neglect. Moreover, citizens becoming increasingly aware environmental pollution its potential risks for their health. Flaming represents concrete alternative herbicide applications surfaces. be good mechanical means (e.g., string trimmers) which seriously because...

<abstract> <b><sc>Abstract. </sc></b>Flame weeding is the most common thermal intra-row weed control method used in agriculture as an alternative to herbicides heat-tolerant crops. Within seventh framework program project “Robot fleets for Highly Effective Agriculture and Forestry Management” (RHEA), University of Pisa was responsible development automatic machine cross-flaming maize ( L.). This study focused on selection a range liquid petroleum gas (LPG) doses able weeds without...

Synthetic herbicides are commonly used in weed management, however, 70 years of use has led to resistance and environmental concerns. These problems have scientists consider alternative methods management order reduce the inputs impacts synthetic herbicides. The aim this experiment was test level control using four weeding methods: glyphosate applied at an ultra-low volume, organic herbicide nonanoic acid, flaming, hot foam. results showed that effective only when flaming foam were (99% 100%...

Weed control is often a major limitation for vegetable crops, since compared to arable crops fewer herbicides are available and the more sensitive weeds. Field experiments were carried out in province of Pisa (Central Italy) determine effect two different mulches (black biodegradable plastic film wheat straw) mechanical thermal treatments on weed population yield rain-fed fresh market tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Rolling harrow, flaming machine precision hoe control, which either built,...

Physical rather than chemical treatments are preferred for integrated production and required organic to ensure a sustainable production. Weed management in many horticultural crops is heavily constrained by the limited number of herbicides available. weed control strategies, on other hand, essential vegetable greatly assist conventional farmers. A physical strategy was developed compared with standard within an farming system fresh market spinach ( Spinacia oleracea ). The experiment...

Thermal weed control technology plays an important role in managing weeds synthetic herbicide-free systems, particularly organic agriculture. The use of hot foam represents evolution the water thermal method, modified by addition biodegradable foaming agents. aim this study was to test weeding effect different five doses, two sites composition fields [i.e., Festuca arundinacea (Schreb.), Taraxacum officinale (Weber) and Plantago lanceolata (L.)], evaluating devitalisation weeds, their...