Abstract Pakistan falls significantly below the recommended forest coverage level of 20 to 30 percent total area, with less than 6 its land under cover. This deficiency is primarily attributed illicit deforestation for wood and charcoal, coupled a failure embrace advanced techniques estimation, monitoring, supervision. Remote sensing leveraging Sentinel-2 satellite images were employed. Both single-layer stacked temporal layer from various dates utilized classification. The application an...

This paper presents an intelligent recognition sys-tem for handwritten Pashto letters. However, char-acter is challenging due to the variations in shape and style. In addition that, these characters naturally vary among individuals. The identification becomes even daunting lack of standard datasets comprising inscribed this work, we have designed a database moderate size, which encompasses total 4488 images, stemming from 102 distinguishing samples each 44 letters Pashto. Furthermore,...

Importance of detailed traffic flow characterization is immense for achieving an intelligent transportation system. As such, great efforts in existing literature have gone into proposing different solutions characterization. Among these, first generation intrusive sensors such as pneumatic tube, inductive loop, piezoelectric and magnetic were both labor intensive expensive to install maintain. These able provide only vehicle count classification under homogeneous conditions. Second...

Deep learning based data driven methods with multi-sensors spectro-temporal are widely used for pattern identification and land-cover classification in remote sensing domain. However, adjusting the right tuning deep models is extremely important as different parameter setting can alter performance of model. In our research work, we have evaluated Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory (ConvLSTM) techniques, over various hyper-parameters an imbalanced dataset one highest utilized...

This research work aims to develop a deep learning-based crop classification framework for remotely sensed time series data. Tobacco is major revenue generating of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province Pakistan, with over 90% the country’s production. In order analyze performance developed framework, pilot sub-region named Yar Hussain selected experimentation work. tehsil district Swabi, within KP having highest contribution gross production crop. generally consists diverse land different...

Agricultural Remote Sensing has the potential to enhance agricultural monitoring in smallholder economies mitigate losses. However, its widespread adoption faces challenges, such as diminishing farm sizes, lack of reliable data-sets and high cost related commercial satellite imagery. This research focuses on opportunities, practices novel approaches for effective utilization remote sensing agriculture applications economies. The work entails insights from experiments using datasets...

This paper presents an intelligent approach for the detection of Melanoma—a deadly skin cancer. The first step in this direction includes extraction textural features lesion along with color features. extracted are used to train Multilayer Feed-Forward Artificial Neural Networks. We evaluate trained networks classification test samples. work entails three sets experiments including 50 % , 70 and 90 data training, while remaining 30 10 constitute sets. Haralick’s statistical parameters...

Machine learning in association with remote sensing has assisted agricultural specialists monitoring, classification and yield estimation of crops. Tobacco is a major taxable crop Pakistan, however the existing traditional methods for its monitoring are not only expensive time consuming but also have limitations terms accuracy collected data by large number diverse human surveyors. Due to existence such loopholes employed mechanism tobacco estimation, illicit growth distribution on rise. In...

In this paper true edge based data hiding technique is proposed to take advantage of less sensitivity human visual system changes in complex regions the image. This method utilizes detection and Steganography techniques. The Canny used identify pixels 4LSB hide a secret message 4 least significant bits cover By edges improve quality stego-image significantly. results obtained show that hides large amount information image with better than other experimental demonstrate average capacity 4%,...

In view of the challenges faced by organizations and departments concerned with agricultural capacity observations, we collected In-Situ data consisting diverse crops (More than 11 consumable vegetation types) in our pilot region Harichand Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan. Our proposed Long Short-Term Memory based Deep Neural network model was trained for land cover use statistics generation using acquired ground truth data, a synergy between Planet-Scope Dove European Space...

Breast cancer is one of the main causes female fatality all over world and major field research since quite a long time with lesser improvement than expected.Many institutions organizations are working in this to lead possible solution problem or more understanding problem.Many previous researches were studied for better work done already remove redundancy contribute field, Wisconsin-Madison prognostic (WPBC) data set from UCI machine learning repository was used training 198 individual...

In the current age of advanced technologies, there is an escalating demand for reliable wireless systems, catering to high data rates mobile multimedia applications. This article presents a novel approach concept Self‐Concatenated Convolutional Coding (SECCC) with Sphere Packing (SP) modulation via Differential Space‐Time Spreading‐ (DSTS‐) based smart antennas. The two transmitters provide transmit diversity which capable recuperating signal from effects fading, even single receiving...

Real-world traffic flow parameters are fundamental for devising smart mobility solutions. Though numerous solutions (intrusive and non-intrusive sensors) have been proposed, however, these serious limitations under heterogeneous congested conditions. To overcome t

Conventional land-based surveys are often cumbersome, labor-intensive, and costly. To address these issues, a free mobile app called "GeoSurvey" has been developed deployed on the AWS cloud platform for seamless accessibility. The application capability to collect polygons polylines based geographic coordinates system in real time. is native, using JAVA programming language freely available Android users. Powered by Google APIs, extensively used ground truth data collection. Its popularity...

Abstract Nonmetallic minerals like granite and limestone have calcite biotitic ingredients as their major part which exhibit wonderful absorption features in the visible short wave range of electromagnetic spectrum. This research puts emphasis on delineating deposits Mardan district through latest multispectral Landsat‐9 Sentinel‐2 sensors latter provided 94% mapping accuracy granites (biotitic bearing minerals) (calcite‐bearing minerals). The Image processing techniques minimum noise...

Brain tumors pose significant global health concerns due to their high mortality rates and limited treatment options. These tumors, arising from abnormal cell growth within the brain, exhibits various sizes shapes, making manual detection magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans a subjective challenging task for healthcare professionals, hence necessitating automated solutions. This study investigates potential of deep learning, specifically DenseNet architecture, automate brain tumor...

Underwater Wireless Sensors Networks (UWSNs) use acoustic waves as a communication medium because of the high attenuation to radio and optical underwater. However, signals lack propagation speed compared or waves. In addition, UWSNs also pose various intrinsic challenges, i.e., frequent node mobility with water currents, error rate, low bandwidth, long delays, energy scarcity. Various UWSN routing protocols have been proposed overcome above-mentioned challenges. Vector-based confine within...

This article proposes and compares the performance of three flexible bandwidth efficient transceivers. The terminology Over-Complete Mapping (OCM) is introduced in first two schemes. All schemes, namely Non-Convergent Serial Concatenated OCM Coding (NCSCOC), Convergent (CSCOC) Self-Concatenated Convolutional (SECCC); are simulated for Rayleigh channel employing iterative decoding to attain refined output stream feeding video decoder. Specifically, beneficial acquiring convergence EXtrinsic...

The reliable transmission of multimedia information that is coded through highly compression efficient encoders a challenging task. This article presents the iterative convergence performance IrRegular Convolutional Codes (IRCCs) with aid multidimensional Sphere Packing (SP) modulation assisted Differential Space Time Spreading (IRCC-SP-DSTS) scheme for H.264/Advanced Video Coding (AVC) compressed video stream. In this article, three different regular and irregular error protection schemes...

Vegetation is one of the most important part an ecosystem. It responsible for providing oxygen and gets in carbon dioxide, hence a suitable place human beings to live. The information about this vegetation very critical. Using remote sensing, can be taken gathered later on used different purposes. This paper aims classify into types categories. Three machine learning algorithms i.e. K-means, Support Vector Machine (SVM) Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been because their being popular...

With 25% share in world"s fossil fuel consumption, the transportation sector is contributing about 29% of worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [1].Furthermore, 23% global carbon dioxide (CO2) are attributed to [2].Other related pollutants include nitric oxides, sulphur and particulate matter (PM) dust urban settings.According WHO report, ambient air pollution has resulted 4.2 million premature deaths 2016 [3].About 91% these born by low middle-income countries [3].With increasing...

A new macroscopic traffic flow model is proposed which incorporates alignment behavior at transitions. In this model, velocity a function of the distance headway and driver response time. It can be used to characterize for both uniform non headways. The well-known Zhang characterizes based on memory produce unrealistic results. performance Khan-Imran-Gulliver (KIG) models evaluated an inactive bottleneck 2000 m circular road. results obtained show that with KIG more realistic.

In this research work, we have presented an iterative joint source channel decoding- (IJSCD-) based wireless video communication system. The anticipated transmission system is using the sphere packing (SP) modulation assisted differential space-time spreading (DSTS) multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) scheme. SP modulation-aided DSTS mechanism results in achieving high diversity gain by keeping maximum possible Euclidean distance between modulated symbols. Furthermore, proposed scheme a...

This article investigates the performance of various sophisticated channel coding and transmission schemes for achieving reliable a highly compressed video stream. Novel error protection including Non-Convergent Coding (NCC) scheme, assisted with Differential Space Time Spreading (DSTS) Sphere Packing (SP) modulation (NCDSTS-SP) scheme Convergent DSTS SP (CDSTS-SP) are analyzed using Bit Error Ratio (BER) Peak Signal to Noise (PSNR) metrics. Furthermore, reduction is achieved transceiver...

Registration of multi-modal images is one the challenging problems in image processing nowadays. In this paper, two novel non-rigid registration models are proposed for multi-modality images. model 1, mutual information template and reference used as data fitting term with Gaussian curvature regularization. This approach may not give satisfactory results noisy or having bias field. To overcome drawback, 2 which based on normalized gradient both a instead information. get best...