In urban settings, the highly complex communication environment leads to a frequent occurrence blockage in link between ground users and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which renders quality of poor. To address this issue, an UAV edge computing system based on reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is proposed paper. The goal minimize energy consumption by considering various factors such as user transmission power, reflector phase shift matrix, trajectory, computational resource allocation...

Three-dimensional (3D) multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) is one of the enabling technologies for next-generation mobile communication. As elevation angle in 3D MIMO channel model might vary against height base station (BS) antenna, it should be considered within modeling. In this paper, impact antenna on characteristics investigated by using intelligent ray launching algorithm (IRLA). Three typical street scenarios, i.e., straight street, forked road, and crossroad, are selected as benchmarks....

Similar to most multicarrier modulations, orthog-onal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) also suffers high peak average power ratio (PAPR) issue due its inherit structure. In this paper, a novel PAPR reduction scheme for OFDM-IM dither signals is proposed. Unlike the previous method that utilizes convex programming determine optimized are added idle subcarriers of OFDM-IM. The proposed several fixed sets which contain constraint amplitude reduce PAPR. Simulation...

The probability of line-of-sight (LOS) propagation is crucial for channel modeling and small-cell network evaluation. In this letter, by taking the layout building structures into account, an analytical LOS model proposed typical indoor scenarios, which have rectangular rooms corridors. validated through Monte Carlo simulations. Numerical results show that estimates performance accurately efficiently.

The performance of indoor small-cell networks (SCNs) is affected by the environment, such as walls, blockages, etc. In this article, we investigate effect interior wall attenuation on an SCN. Specifically, spatial distribution walls modeled based random shape theory, and base stations (BSs) are distributed following a homogeneous Poisson point process. channel model includes path loss, Rayleigh fading, attenuation. We analytically derive downlink coverage probability under strongest received...

In indoor environments, the performance of ultra-dense cellular networks is significantly affected by blockages, especially for ultra-high frequencies. However, previous works either ignore or simplify such effects analysing networks. On basis stochastic geometry, this paper proposes a mathematically tractable approach to analyse in indoors, which considers both wall blockages and distance-based path loss. The are firstly investigated modelling walls as Boolean scheme straight lines on...

User-centric ultra-dense network (UDN) has been considered a key enabler of high data rate and reliable vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. In this paper, an analytical framework is developed based on stochastic geometry to characterize the uplink V2I transmission performances, in terms outage probability, average vehicle throughput spatial throughput, particularly resolving two important but not well-understood factors such networks: correlation interference powers among...

As a multi-carrier modulation technique, high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is common issue suffered by orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index (OFDM-IM) due to its system structure. High PAPR may cause signal distortion, which affects correct symbol transmission. This paper tries inject dither signals the inactive (idle) sub-carriers, unique transmission structure of OFDM-IM, reduce PAPR. Unlike previous works, utilize all idle proposed reduction scheme utilizes selected...

Millimeter-wave(mmWave) communication is a key technology that enables autonomous vehicles and roadside units to collaborate in environment perception, thereby improving traffic efficiency safety new level. Some recent works have focused on relay-based solutions overcome inherent defects of mmWave, such as severe path loss high sensitivity obstacles. However, they both neglect the selfish behaviors vehicles. Considering application-oriented nature vehicular communication, we propose an...

IEEE 802.11p is developed to support cooperative intelligent transport systems. In such systems, channel estimation a challenging problem due the channel's double dispersive nature. this paper, modified time domain reliable test frequency interpolation (M-TRFI) scheme for orthogonal division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) systems proposed. Unlike OFDM, OFDM-IM can achieve better performance in vehicular communication environments. However, in-active subcarriers, more difficult...

By decoupling the control plane from data and providing programmability for network applications, software-defined (SDN) is positioned to offer more efficient management, higher flexibility better performance. Routing resource allocation are two closely related applications in wireless networks. With close cooperation, performance lower complexity can be achieved an SDN architecture. However, work that jointly studies routing rarely seen. In this paper, joint problem investigated OFDMA-based...

As a millimeter wave (mmW) band, the E-band is promising to offer high capacity for 5G backhaul network with low atmospheric attenuation. key issue of propagation, rain attenuation has be taken into account carefully. Unfortunately, weather uncontrollable in real world, and adapted various weather. To address this problem, adaptive modulation technology introduced software-defined paper. Data from gauge sensor employed improve performance data transmission. The impact sensing error on...

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) vehicular communication is a key technology that enables autonomous vehicles to collaborate in environment perception, thereby improving traffic efficiency and safety new level. Many recent works have focused on relay-based solutions overcome the inherent defects of mmWave, such as severe path loss its sensitivity blockages. However, selfishness often ignored. Considering application-oriented nature communication, we propose an information value-based relay strategy...

Channel-width adaptation can significantly improve the connectivity, capacity and reduce power consumption in wireless networks. The OFDMA-based channel-width based on traffic demand has been studied networks with sufficient spectral resources. However, may not be fully satisfied resource-limited scenarios. In this paper, we study problem mesh (WMNs) limited More specifically, considering diverse quality-of-service (QoS) requirements, a QoS-aware scheme is proposed. First, resource...

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) is emerging as a robust technology, especially valued in vehicular communication scenarios for its resilience. In such dynamic environments, reliable channel estimation becomes critical to maintain system performance due the fast time-varying and double dispersion nature. Despite harsh conditions, OFDM-IM enhances by leveraging inactive sub-carriers convey additional information. However, these idle complicate...

Interior wall blockage affects the performance of indoor cellular networks but has not been sufficiently studied. In this paper, by incorporating attenuation caused blockages into to path loss model, we develop a tractable approach analyse under influence interior blockages. Then, proposed analytical is applied study downlink coverage probability line-of-sight (LOS) user association strategy. The results are validated Monte Carlo simulations in comparison with those obtained existing model...

Three dimension (3D) Multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) scheme, which exploits another of the spatial resource, is one enabling technologies for next generation mobile communication. As elevation angle in 3D-MIMO channel model might varies against height base station transmit antenna, it has to be taken into account carefully. In this paper, impact antenna on characteristics 3D MIMO investigated by using intelligent ray launching algorithm (IRLA). typical street scenarios, i.e., straight...

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is envisioned to meet high data rate requirements of cooperative environment perception autonomous vehicles, thereby improving traffic safety and efficiency a new level. By using stochastic geometry (SG), some works have investigated effects vehicular mobility on mmWave vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) networks. However, they only consider two-dimensional (2D) beamforming rather than three-dimensional (3D) beamforming. In this paper, we develop an...

Interior wall blockage affects the performance of indoor cellular networks but has not been sufficiently studied. In this paper, by modelling spatial distribution interior walls using random shape theory and incorporating attenuation caused blockages into path loss model, we develop a tractable approach to analyse small cell under influence blockages. Then, proposed analytical is applied study downlink coverage probability two user association strategies: closest line-of-sight (LOS) base...

This paper investigates a new method of fault diagnoses and reliability analysis based on inverse fuzzy model method. The proposed employs solving to estimate the component state measured system performance relationship about which is constructed by expert. proved be effective in diagnoses.

Fuzzy modeling is discussed in many literatures and there are numerous algorithms proposed. Back-propagation algorithm an efficient for fuzzy papers proposed the usage of such method. But exists potential risk dead zone, abrupt inference surface decreasing sensitivity normal back-propagation modeling. This paper analysis problems suggest a reformative A complete presented some simulate result

The field of artificial intelligence is advancing rapidly, with reinforcement learning making significant strides in solving various sequential decision problems machine learning. As research progresses, multi-agent has emerged the and been applied to numerous domains. Vehicle formation an important means transportation for reducing vehicle energy consumption improving air quality. Controlling sparse vehicles on road form formations a fascinating topic. In this paper, we propose planning...

When the loading sustained by foundation is large, employing piled raft one of best solutions. In elasto-plastic design raft, piles could improve differential settlement and reduce thickness. As sustains high earth water pressures, reducing span length excavation depth, can get economic design. Using property pile a better method to avoid increasing diameter making full capacity in compared normal raft. With adoption few small piles, thickness be reduced significantly. This makes it much...

The deployment of small cells is one the key enabling technologies for next generation mobile communication. Due to short coverage cell, elevation angle, which ignored in long distance transmission model, should be taken into account channel modelling. In this paper, we developed a geometrically based single bounce (GBSB) model cell environment assumes that scattering objects are located uniformly within an ellipse around station (MS). closed-form expression joint and marginal probability...