1. The motor program controlling the rhythmic movements of pyloric region lobster stomach is generated by neurons in stomatogastric ganglion. Neurons within this "pyloric network" were tested for their ability to generate bursting pacemaker potentials (BPPs). For these experiments, each neuron be was isolated from other cells ganglion use dye-sensitized photoinactivation technique. All extraganglionic inputs blocked. 2. Only one cell network, anterior burster (AB) cell, continued BPPs when...

1. Four factors contribute to pattern generation in the pyloric network of lobster stomatogastric ganglion. These are: a) endogenously oscillating neurons; b) synaptic properties; c) nonlinear cellular properties, including plateau potentials; and d) excitatory input from commissural ganglia. The roles relative importance these were investigated with a new technique for inactivating single specific identified neurons. 2. In ganglia which is left intact, continues when any cell or pair cells...

1. In three preceding papers in this series (6, 33, 45), the functional roles, intrinsic cellular properties, and synaptic connections of identified neurons lobster stomatogastric ganglion were investigated using dye-sensitized photoinactivation technique. paper, we investigate network properties pyloric system. 2. The relative strengths interactions between all possible motor neuron pairs measured from neuronal cell bodies. 3. Experiments performed to determine minimal subset that could...

The functional properties of an isolated dendritic branch identified sensory interneuron in the cricket were studied. responded to wind stimuli directed at animal and displayed a distinct directional sensitivity those stimuli. A technique was used that allows neuron be specifically lesioned semi-intact preparation during intracellular recording. Lesioning achieved by dye-sensitized photoinactivation with laser epi-illumination stereomicroscope.

Crickets and other orthopteran insects sense air currents with a pair of abdominal appendages resembling antennae, called cerci. Each cercus in the common house cricket Acheta domesticus is approximately 1 cm long, covered 500 to 750 filiform mechanosensory hairs. The distribution hairs on cerci, as well global patterns their movement vectors, have been characterized semi-quantitatively studies over last 40 years, shown be very stereotypical across different animals this species. Although...

Methods of stochastic systems analysis were applied to examine the effect adaptation on frequency encoding by two functionally identical primary interneurons cricket cercal system. Stimulus reconstructions obtained from a linear filtering transformation spike trains elicited in response bursts broadband white noise air current stimuli (5-400 Hz). Each reconstruction was compared with actual stimulus domain obtain measure waveform coding accuracy as function frequency. The term this paper...

We examined the extent to which temporal encoding may be implemented by single neurons in cercal sensory system of house cricket Acheta domesticus. found that these exhibit a greater-than-expected coding capacity, due part an increased precision brief patterns action potentials. developed linear and non-linear models for decoding activity neurons. stimuli associated with short-interval spikes (ISIs 8 ms or less) could predicted better second-order as compared models. Finally, we...

The cercal sensory system of crickets mediates sensitivity to low-amplitude air currents. sense organ for this is a pair antenna-like abdominal appendages called cerci, each which about 1 cm long in normal adult crickets. Although has been used extensively as model studying the mechanisms underlying neural coding at cellular and levels, no previous studies have considered functional significance physical dimensions cerci. We show that differential conduction characteristics receptor array...

Animals are remarkably stable during high-speed maneuvers. As the speed of locomotion increases, neural bandwidth and processing delays can limit ability to achieve maintain control. Processing information sensory stimuli into a control signal within sensor itself could enable rapid implementation whole-body feedback locomotion. Here, we show that in antennal afferents is sufficient act as for fast sensorimotor loop. American cockroaches Periplaneta americana use their antennae mediate...

We discuss an analytical approach through which the neural symbols and corresponding stimulus space of a neuron or ensemble can be discovered simultaneously quantitatively, making few assumptions about nature code relevant features. The basis for this is to conceptualize coding scheme as collection stimulus-response classes akin dictionary 'codebook', with each class spike pattern 'codeword' its feature in codebook. codebook derived by quantizing responses into small reproduction set,...

The cercal sensory system of the cricket mediates detection and analysis low velocity air currents in animal's immediate environment, is implemented around an internal representation current direction that demonstrates essential features a continuous neural map. Previous neurophysiological anatomical studies have yielded predictions global spatio-temporal patterns activity should be evoked afferent map by stimuli different directions. We tested those direct visualization ensemble using Ca2+...

Abstract We discuss an analytical approach through which the neural symbols and corresponding stimulus space of a neuron or ensemble can be discovered simultaneously quantitatively, making few assumptions about nature code relevant features. The basis for this is to conceptualize coding scheme as collection stimulus-response classes akin dictionary 'codebook', with each class spike pattern 'codeword' its feature in codebook. codebook derived by quantizing responses into small reproduction...

We propose a neural network model for the jumping escape response behavior observed in cricket cercal sensory system. This system processes low-intensity air currents animal's immediate environment generated by predators, competitors, and mates. Our is inspired decades of physiological anatomical studies. compare performance our with derived through universal approximation, or generic deep learning, approach, demonstrate that, to achieve same performance, these models required between one...

Crickets and other orthopteran insects sense air currents with a pair of abdominal appendages resembling antennae, called cerci. Each cercus in the common house cricket Acheta domesticus is covered between 500 to 750 filiform mechanosensory hairs. The distribution hairs on cerci, as well global patterns their movement axes, are very stereotypical across different animals this species, development system has been studied extensively. Although hypotheses regarding mechanisms underlying pattern...

Filiform mechanosensory hairs of crickets are great interest to engineers because the hairs' highly sensitive response low-velocity air-currents. In this study, we analyze biomechanical properties filiform cercal sensory system a common house cricket. The consists two antennalike appendages called cerci that situated at rear cricket's abdomen. Each cercus is covered with 500–750 flow hairs. hair embedded in complex viscoelastic socket acts as spring and dashpot guides movement hair. When...

What are the fundamental constraints on precision and accuracy with which nervous systems can process information? One constraint must reflect intrinsic "noisiness" of mechanisms that transmit information between nerve cells. Most neurons through probabilistic generation propagation spikes along axons, recent modeling studies suggest noise from spike might pose a significant rate at could be transmitted neurons. However, magnitude functional significance this source in actual cells remains...