A5083554972- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Plant and animal studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- earthquake and tectonic studies
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Geological formations and processes
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Wildlife Conservation and Criminology Analyses
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
University of Kent
2015-2024
University of California, Santa Barbara
2005-2024
Norwegian Geological Survey
2010-2023
Prince George's Community College
2012-2023
University of Oxford
2020-2021
Emory University
2015-2021
Emory and Henry College
2021
Council for Geoscience
2007-2020
University of the Free State
2015-2020
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2008-2017
Friendly Fire Hints of the use more advanced materials by humans, including symbolic marking and jewelry, appear about 75,000 years ago or so in Africa. Brown et al. (p. 859 ; see Perspective Webb Domanski ) now show that these early modern humans were also experimenting with fire for improved processing materials. Replication experiments analysis artifacts suggest South Africa at this time, perhaps earlier, systematically heated stone materials, silcrete to improve its flaking properties...
Using a coupled atmosphere/ocean general circulation model, we have simulated the climatic response to natural and anthropogenic forcings from 1860 1997. The HadCM3, requires no flux adjustment has an interactive sulphur cycle, simple parameterization of effect aerosols on cloud albedo (first indirect effect), radiation scheme that allows explicit representation well‐mixed greenhouse gases. Simulations were carried out in which model was forced with changes (solar irradiance stratospheric...
For most organisms, the number of described species considerably underestimates how many exist. This is itself a problem and causes secondary complications given present high rates extinction. Known numbers flowering plants form basis biodiversity "hotspots"--places where levels endemism habitat loss coincide to produce extinction rates. How different would conservation priorities be if catalog were complete? Approximately 15% more plant are likely still undiscovered. They almost certainly...
We estimate the probable number of flowering plants. First, we apply a model that explicitly incorporates taxonomic effort over time to as-yet-unknown species. Second, ask experts their opinions on how many species are likely be missing, family-by-family basis. The results broadly comparable. show current should grow by between 10 and 20 per cent. There are, however, interesting discrepancies expert estimates for some families, suggesting our does not always completely capture patterns...
The effects of anthropogenic sulphate aerosol on cloud albedo and precipitation efficiency (the first second indirect effects, respectively) are investigated using a new version the Hadley Centre climate model. This includes microphysics scheme, an interactive sulphur cycle, parameterization sea salt aerosol. combined global mean radiative impact from both is estimated to be approximately −1.9 W m −2 in terms change net forcing, with “albedo” effect dominating: we obtain values −1.3 −0.5 for...
A new radiation code within a general circulation model is used to assess the direct solar and thermal radiative forcing by sulfate aerosol of anthropogenic origin soot from fossil-fuel burning. The effects different profiles, relative humidity parameterizations, chemical compositions, internal external mixtures two types are investigated. contribution cloudy sky regions found be negligible for aerosol; this in contrast recent studies where was estimated using method which spatial...
Summary 1. The scarcity of reliable long‐term phenological data has severely hindered the study responses species to climate change. Biological collections in herbaria and museums are potential sources for such study, but their use this purpose needs independent validation. Here we report a rigorous test validity using herbarium specimens studies, by comparing relationships between time peak flowering derived from records direct field‐based observations, terrestrial orchid Ophrys sphegodes ....
The Upper Allochthon of the Scandinavian Caledonides is composed thrust slices a variety metamorphosed volcanic, plutonic, and sedimentary rocks. rocks are largely interpreted to have been formed in Cambrian Ordovician oceanic peri-continental arc environments that were onto Baltica during Silurian-Devonian Scandian Orogeny. We review literature on igneous rock geochemistry broadly. also present 87 new analyses taken from Surnadal Moldefjord synforms Rissa area northern part Western Gneiss...
The wildlife trade is a lucrative industry involving thousands of animal and plant species. increasing use the internet for both legal illegal well documented, but there evidence that may be emerging on new online technologies such as social media. Using orchid case study, we conducted first systematic survey an international social-media website. We focused themed forums (groups), where people with similar interests can interact by uploading images or text (posts) are visible to other group...
Abstract A new generation of aeromagnetic data documents the post‐Caledonide rift evolution southwestern Barents Sea (SWBS) from Norwegian mainland up to continent‐ocean transition. We propose a geological and tectonic scenario SWBS in which Caledonian nappes thrust sheets, well‐constrained onshore, swing NE‐SW trend onshore Norway NW‐SE/NNW‐SSE across platform area. On Finnmark Bjarmeland platforms, dominant inherited magnetic basement pattern may also reflect regional post‐Caledonian...
Abstract Accurate species identification is fundamental when recording ecological data. However, the ability to correctly identify organisms visually rarely questioned. We investigated how experts and non-experts compared in of bumblebees, a group insects considerable conservation concern. Experts were asked whether two concurrent bumblebee images depicted same or different species. Overall accuracy was below 60% comparable for non-experts. more consistent their answers repeated cautious...
Use of the internet as a trade platform has resulted in shift illegal wildlife trade. Increased scrutiny led to concerns that online will move onto dark web. To provide baseline on web, we downloaded and archived 9852 items (individual posts) from then searched these based list 121 keywords associated with trade, including 30 illegally traded elephant ivory surface Results were compared known be specifically cannabis, cocaine, heroin, compare extent Of keywords, 4 hits, which only one was...
Questions persist as to the origin of COVID-19 pandemic. Evidence is building that its a zoonotic spillover occurred prior officially accepted timing early December, 2019. Here we provide novel methods date cases. We show six countries had exceptionally cases, unlikely represent part their main case series. The model suggests likely first in China November 17 (95% CI October 4). Origination dates are discussed for five outside and each continent. Results infer SARS-CoV-2 emerged...
The demand for wildlife products drives an illegal trade estimated to be worth up $10 billion per year, ranking it amongst the top transnational crimes in terms of value. Orchids are one best-selling plants legal horticultural but also traded illegally and make 70% all species listed by Convention on International Trade Endangered Species (CITES). To study consumer preferences orchids we use choice experiments survey 522 orchid buyers online at large international shows. Using latent class...