Abstract Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly pathogenic virus that has caused the global COVID-19 pandemic. Tracing evolution and transmission of crucial to respond control pandemic through appropriate intervention strategies. This paper reports analyses genomic mutations in coding regions SARS-CoV-2 their probable protein secondary structure solvent accessibility changes, which are predicted using deep learning models. Prediction results suggest mutation...

Understanding the flight behaviour of dengue-infected mosquitoes can play a vital role in various contexts, including modelling disease risks and developing effective interventions against dengue. Studies on locomotor activity have often faced challenges terms methodology. Some studies used small tubes, which impacted natural movement mosquitoes, while others that cages did not capture three-dimensional flights, despite naturally flying three dimensions. In this study, we utilised Mask RCNN...

Abstract Objective: To describe the use of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled dark nudges by leading global food and beverage companies to influence consumer behaviour. Design: The five most recent annual reports (ranging from 2014 2018 or 2015 2019, depending on company) websites twelve in industry were reviewed identify uses AI emerging technologies Uses categorised according Typology Interventions Proximal Physical Micro-Environments (TIPPME) framework, a tool for categorising...

Mosquito-borne diseases exert a huge impact on both animal and human populations, posing substantial health risks. The behavioural fitness traits of mosquitoes, such as locomotion fecundity, are crucial factors that influence the spread diseases. In existing egg-counting tools, each image requires separate processing with adjustments to various parameters intensity threshold egg area size. Furthermore, accuracy decreases significantly when dealing clustered or overlapping eggs. To overcome...

Mosquito-borne diseases cause a huge burden on public health worldwide. The viruses that these impact the behavioural traits of mosquitoes, including locomotion and feeding. Understanding can help in improving existing epidemiological models developing effective mosquito traps. However, it is difficult to understand flight behaviour mosquitoes due their small sizes, complicated poses, seemingly random moving patterns. Currently, no open-source tool available detect track resting or flying...

How people use virtual reality to connect, communicate, and learn is increasingly important as the metaverse expands. Using affordance theory, we analyze a university classroom, collaborative environment, situated in (VR). Our longitudinal study spans 10 weeks follows 15 participants who spent over 25 hours together meta-space classroom habitats. To capture wide range of conditions around VR affordances (avatars, embodiment, immersion/presence), turn spotlines, method that combines various...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is employed as a non-invasive method to monitor functional brain activation by capturing changes in the concentrations of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR). Various machine learning classification techniques have been utilized distinguish cognitive states. However, conventional methods, although simpler implement, undergo complex pre-processing phase before network training demonstrate reduced accuracy due inadequate data...

<title>Abstract</title> Monitoring the locomotor activity of mosquitoes is vital for understanding their behavioral patterns and role in disease transmission. Studies investigating dengue-infected have faced several limitations, including confining within small tubes that restrict natural movement, discontinuous recordings fail to provide detailed patterns, lack open-source tools effectively monitor mosquito activity. Here, we present LocoTrackAI, a robust artificial intelligence-based tool...

In whole-rock geochemical analysis, the quantification of aluminum in geological samples is performed using differentanalytical techniques including UV-Vis spectrophotometry. During spectrophotometric analysis utilizing AlizarinRed S, iron causes significant interference, leading to inaccurate measurements amount sample. caseswhere leached or processed contain titanium, interference also observed. However, appropriate masking agents can removethese interferences. this study, various Tiron,...

The mutual information (MI) measure has become a popular metric to assess image fusion performance. However, despite its publicity, it provides questionable result that consistently favours additive (averaging) over multi-scale decomposition (MSD) algorithms. Presented is localised variation of MI performance while preserving the importance local structural similarity. presented been validated with extensive tests on test cases.

This study developed and tested a research model which examined the impact of user perceptions self-efficacy (SE) virtual environment (VE) efficacy on effectiveness VE training systems. The distinguishes between one's own capability to perform trained tasks effectively system performance, regarding established parameters from literature. Specifically, posits that will have positive effects task performance memory. Seventy-six adults participated in controlled experiment, designed empirically...

Zika virus infection in new born is linked to congenital syndromes, especially microcephaly. Studies have shown that these neuropathies are the result of significant death neuronal progenitor cells central nervous system embryo, targeted by virus. Although cell via apoptosis well acknowledged, little known about possible pathogenic cellular mechanisms triggering neurons. We used vitro embryonic mouse primary neuron cultures study upstream death. Neuronal networks were grown on microelectrode...

Understanding Zika virus infection dynamics is essential, as its recent emergence revealed possible devastating neuropathologies in humans, thus causing a major threat to public health worldwide. Recent research allowed breakthrough our understanding of the and host pathogenesis; however, little known on impact main vector, Aedes aegypti. Here we show how targets aegypti's neurons induces changes behavior. Results are compared dengue virus, another flavivirus, which triggers different...

Widespread in the tropics, mosquito Aedes aegypti is an important vector of many viruses, posing a significant threat to human health. Vector monitoring often requires fecundity estimation by counting eggs laid female mosquitoes. Traditionally, manual data analyses have been used but this lot effort and methods are prone errors. An easy tool assess number would facilitate experimentation control operations. This study introduces built-in software called ICount allowing automatic egg vector,...

In robotic surgery, pattern cutting through a deformable material is challenging research field. The procedure requires robot to concurrently manipulate scissor and gripper cut predefined contour trajectory on the sheet. ensures accuracy by nailing point sheet continuously tensioning pinch different directions while in action. goal find corresponding policy minimize damage increase measured symmetric difference between contour. Previous study considers finding one fixed during course of...

Deciphering useful information from electrophysiological data recorded the brain, in-vivo or in-vitro, is dependent on capability to analyse spike patterns efficiently and accurately. The analysis mechanisms are heavily reliant clustering algorithms that enable separation of trends based their spatio-temporal behaviors. Literature review report several over decades focused different applications. Although employ only a small subset algorithms, however, not much work has been reported...

Evaluation of team performance in naturalistic contexts has gained popularity during the last two decades. Among other human factors, physiological synchrony been adopted to investigate and emotional state when engaged collaborative tasks. A variety methods have reported quantify with a varying degree correlation task state, reflected inconclusive nature findings. Little is known about effect choice calculation level analysis on these In this research work, we relationship between outcomes...

Abstract Monitoring the flight behaviour of mosquitoes is crucial for assessing their fitness levels and understanding potential role in disease transmission. Existing methods tracking mosquito are challenging to implement laboratory environments, they also struggle with identity tracking, particularly during occlusions. Here, we introduce FlightTrackAI, a novel convolutional neural network (CNN)-based software automatic tracking. FlightTrackAI employs CNN, multi-object algorithm, cubic...