This article tests the degree to which personal and situational variables impact acquisition of knowledge skill within interactive project teams. On basis literature regarding attentional capacity, constructive controversy, truth-supported wins, authors examined effects cognitive ability, workload distribution, Agreeableness, Openness Experience, structure on team learning. Results from 109 four-person teams working an interdependent command control simulator indicated that learned more when...

In this article, the authors developed several hypotheses regarding both main and interactive effects of 2 types team inputs on backing up behaviors in teams: (a) composition characteristics terms personality members (b) task extent to which nature is one that legitimately calls for some back other team. Results from a study 71 4-person teams performing computerized tactical decision-making suggest legitimacy need has an important effect provide assistance receive each other. addition, also...

The author examined the predictive validity of goal orientation in teams on both team process and outcome variables. Results indicate that when mean scores were used as a way describing members' inputs, learning was related to backing up behavior, efficacy, commitment. relationships between performance efficacy commitment, however, more complex clarified task also taken into account. Performance had negative effect low positive commitment high. implications these findings for theory research...

This article develops and tests a structurally based, integrated theory of person-team fit. The developed is an extension structural contingency considers issues external fit simultaneously with its examination internal at the team level. Results from 80 teams working on interdependent task indicate that divisional structures demand high levels cognitive ability part teammembers. However, advantages in are neutralized when there poor between structure environment. Instead, emotional...

Although turnover intentions are considered the most proximal antecedent of organizational exit, there is often temporal separation between thinking about leaving and actual exit. Using field data from 2 diverse samples working adults, we explore a causal model effects on employee behavior while they remain with organization, focusing specifically citizenship behaviors (OCBs) deviance (DBs). Utilizing expectancy theory as an explanatory framework, argue that result in high levels...

This study tested whether teams working on a command and control simulation adapted to structural change in the manner implied by contingency theories. Teams shifting from functional divisional structure showed better performance than making divisional-to-functional shift. Team levels of coordination mediated this difference, team cognitive ability moderated it. We argue that static logic behind many theories should be complemented with dynamic challenging assumption symmetrical adaptation.

The authors draw on resource allocation theory (Kanfer & Ackerman, 1989) to develop hypotheses regarding the conditions under which collective learning and performance orientation have interactive effects nature of those teams' ability adapt a sudden dramatic change in workload. Consistent with theory, results laboratory study teams worked computerized, decision-making task over 3 trials revealed that had independent team adaptability when slack resources available for managing their changed...

Despite the acknowledged existence of egoism and altruism in human behavior, existing work teams research has primarily used a descriptive approach to summarize team behavior that does not distinguish between altruism. And despite increasing interest positive organizational psychology, much more attention been paid understanding egoistic than altruistic thus leaving theories motivation incomplete. Extending on processes individual-level citizenship we develop multilevel, dynamic framework...

The authors examined employee development and its relationship with Conscientiousness person-environment fit (in terms of needs supplies autonomy). They hypothesized that would be positively associated but only when employees felt the autonomy supplied by organization did not their needs. In other words, whereas could supply dispositional resources for development, misfit was needed to create need development. results supported authors' predictions. related were misfits respect autonomy....

Drawing on resource allocation theory, the authors examined boundary conditions for positive effects of two aspects teamwork (backing up behavior and performance monitoring) team performance. Participants were 276 undergraduate business students who organized into 69 teams worked a computer simulation across multiple episodes. Approximately half experienced workload distribution problem. Results indicated that monitoring had when Backing only both problem during early The findings this study...

Prior work on resource allocation has generally considered only a small number of rules, usually reflecting equity or equality. We use scenario study to examine the effect eight different rules (past performance, future rank, random draw, chance meetings, business need, personal and political reasons) recipient reactions gain loss three kinds resources in an organizational setting. find evidence that allocations based past performance draw lead highest fairness perceptions lowest...

Job embeddedness is the net of influences in both work (on-the-job) and nonwork (off-the-job) domains that discourage employees from leaving their jobs. In this article, we argue entrenchment increased investment associated with job run parallel to concept role involvement work-family conflict literature. Drawing on similarity, extend theory research regarding develop test predictions about moderating off-the-job effects on-the-job involuntary turnover. Specifically, predicted being highly...

In the current era of community policing, it may be argued that police have come to seen as having a "business orientation" (Ericson and Haggerty 1997). this respect, are viewed service providers their clientele (the public) consumers service. One important subgroup consumer population crime victims. Tra ditional approaches study victim satisfaction with po lice examined roles played by demographic characteristics, behavior or conduct, activities case status variables in determining (Brandl...

One aspect of attracting new employees that has historically been ignored by recruitment researchers is salary negotiations. In this study, we used a hypothetical scenario design to depict negotiation experiences in which varied the levels offer, behavior company and its representative, deadlines for receiving signing bonus. MBA students served as study participants who read scenarios responded questions about perceived organizational attractiveness job acceptance decisions—two important...

Although the relationship between collective efficacy beliefs and team performance has been well-documented, few studies have explored causal mechanisms that might explain these effects. In current study, authors explore role of backing up behavior, a specific form teamwork in explaining why high lead to levels performance. Participants were 416 undergraduate business students who organized into 104 four-person teams. The teams worked on an interdependent, computerized, decision-making task....

Purpose This paper examines how nurses differentially respond, both emotionally and behaviorally, to incivility from coworkers (i.e. other healthcare staff) their patients. Specifically, the authors explore coworker patient distinctly influence extent which engage in emotional labor, turn, may impact nurses' safety performance. The further examine hostile attribution biases exacerbate mitigate these effects. Design/methodology/approach A three-week longitudinal study was conducted with 187...

Shared leadership should have many benefits for teams. This study addresses the call to better understand its effects by extending research suggesting that collective efficacy mediates of shared on team performance. Specifically, we explore extent which action processes explain how and why emerges as a result impacts outcomes. We also add learning outcomes effectiveness are ultimately affected because failure systematically ignores reality today’s work teams often asked share move from task...