In the permanent magnet synchronous motor speed regulation system, dynamic performance of conventional active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) system will be deteriorated by using a low bandwidth filter. To solve this problem, two ADRC controllers considering measurement noise are proposed in article. One is based on extended state observer (ESO), other phase-locking loop (PLLO). systems, an integrator employed as filter so that measured position can directly used for observing and...

This article investigates the stator shifting technique (SST) for permanent magnet Vernier (PMV) machines equipped with two-slot pitch winding (TSPW). By employing SST, TSPWs can be generated from combination of two sets fractional-slot concentrated windings, various shift angles. The effects angles on armature magnetomotive force harmonic contents are explored. It shows that proper selected to preserve working component while eliminating loss-producing harmonics. Besides, implementation...

To suppress the torque ripple for smooth speed control of electric drives, active disturbance rejection (ADR) controller based on generalized integrator (GI) extended state observer (ESO) (GIESO) is developed in this article. Deadbeat ADR employed to current, allowing current algorithm be simplified. An adaptive GIESO address instability problem caused by two-step delay loop. Based system stability analysis, design guideline resonant gain determined. The proposed allows stable across entire...

In this article, a comparative study of permanent-magnet Vernier (PMV) motors and the interior (IPM) motor for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) is presented. Four different topologies PMV motors, including conventional developed U-shape (U-PMV) with full-pitch (FP) short-pitch (SP) windings, are comprehensively investigated compared. The results show that higher torque PM utilization can be achieved in U-PMV due to improved flux modulation effect. addition, SP windings facilitate achieve...

This article presents an investigation and evaluation of integrated flux-modulated machine for wind power generation. The has two rotors which function as contrarotating connected to sets turbine blades. Hence, compared conventional generators, more energy could be captured by this generation system. Moreover, the consists stator windings. By regulating currents in these windings, dual maximum point tracking control strategy achieved. As a result, conversion efficiency is further improved....

The brushless dual-mechanical-port dual-electrical-port (BLDD) machine has emerged as a promising alternative to the traditional mechanical continuously variable transmission (CVT), due its gearless and design. In BLDD machines, two sets of windings are placed in same stator, care must be taken avoid strong coupling that may deteriorate performance reliability. This paper categorizes topologies existing machines into five types presents systematic decoupling analysis from perspective...

This paper reveals the fundamental reason for asymmetrical issue in magnetic-geared machines (MGMs) based on flux modulation theory. The analysis indicates that magnetic circuits of three-phase windings MGMs are inherently asymmetrical. is even more severe conventional consequent-pole (CP-MGMs) because distorted field. Hence, to address issue, a novel structure featuring enhanced harmonic elimination capability proposed this paper. Consequently, torque density can also be improved. In...

This article investigates a high power-factor permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) equipped with low-coupling hybrid concentrated-winding (CW). The proposed hybrid-CW, carrying both star- and delta-winding sets, exhibits good filtering property to sub- super-order harmonics. Through the meticulous design of short coil pitch, ratio inductance flux linkage is decreased, leading great improvement in power factor. winding contributes further factor by reducing while retaining linkage. It...

In this paper, the interior permanent-magnet vernier (PMV) machines and conventional PMV machine are quantitatively compared regarding requirements for electric automatic guided vehicles (AGV). The key feature of is to place middle iron pole sandwiched by PMs in slots between salient rotor poles. As a result, three types with different PM arrangements, namely two V-type (V-PMV) one U-type (U-PMV) machines, developed. Due improved flux modulation effect, V-PMV U-PMV can respectively provide...

This article presents a novel flux-switching (FS) machine adopting star-array permanent-magnets (PMs), termed as star-FSPM machine. In comparison with the conventional spoke-FSPM machine, proposed one can achieve not only enhanced flux-concentration effect, but also enlarged stator-slot area, thus improving PM utilization ratio and torque density. The harmonic characteristics of both field armature reaction in are investigated based on modulation theory. More importantly, generation...

Deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) with a linear disturbance observer (LDO) in the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (SPMSM) has been widely applied many applications due to better dynamic response performance and easy implementation. However, evaluated lumped disturbances caused by measurement noises, inverter nonlinearity, abrupt reference current, initial inductance parameter mismatch can restrain high-performance development. In order handle this issue, an...

This article presents the investigation of a new permanent magnet (PM) reduced hybrid excitation wound field vernier motor with Halbach PM array. The flux interaction between tangentially magnetized PMs and winding is analyzed. It found that contribution from enhanced due to magnetic saturation in rotor poles. Meanwhile, air gap density improved because existence magnetomotive force (MMF) winding. Under load condition, q axis armature current further enhances gap. As result, torque...

This article presents a contra-rotating (CR) brushless integrated flux-modulation (BIFM) machine with an open-slot structure for wind power generation, termed CR-BIFM machine. The presented employs two CR rotors coupled sets of turbine blades, thus being able to capture more energy than conventional single-rotor turbines. Owing the dual-flux-modulation effect and flux-bridge effect, exhibits high torque/power density, making it suitable direct-drive generation without issues related...

Dual-permanent-magnet machines (DPMMs) have attracted increasing attention due to their merit of high torque density. Nevertheless, DPMMs suffer from a low permanent-magnet (PM) utilization ratio owing large PM consumption. To improve the situation, this article presents DPMM with asymmetric stator teeth-tips, termed AST-DPMM. The key proposed design is arrange wide- and narrow-stator teeth-tips alternatively. By building an analytical model AST-DPMM, impact investigated. It found that can...

This paper investigates permanent-manet (PM) vernier (PMV) machines with fractional-slot nonoverlapping winding (FSNW) for direct-drive applications. The field-modulation characteristics of PMV FSNW, including surface-mounted (SPMV) and consequent-pole (CPMV) machines, are analyzed through analytical modeling relative permeance. analysis shows that, compared to the SPMV machine, CPMV machine exhibits a lower constant higher 1st-order airgap permeance, leading flux density unmodulated...

In this paper, a new U-shape permanent-magnet vernier (U-PMV) motor with improved flux modulation effect is proposed for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). The key to place the iron core sandwiched by PMs between rotor poles. Due its effect, U-PMV can provide higher torque and PM utilization than conventional counterpart. addition, influences of slot pitches on both PMV motors are investigated. results show that 2-slot-pitch winding facilitate achieve output torque/power, efficiency, under...

This article presents a novel memory motor drive with integrated winding concept for traction applications. The key feature of the proposed idea is to integrate excitation armature winding, and hence eliminating additional magnetization achieve online magnetization-state regulations. Hence, spatial confliction conventional motors can be solved. Upon implantation design, utilization, torque/power density fault tolerant capability are significantly improved. Based on field modulation theory,...

Magnetic-geared machine (MGM) has been widely investigated as the power split device for hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) with inherently high integration of multimechanical ports. It is revealed that magnetic circuits armature winding in MGM are essentially asymmetrical different phases under field modulation effect. This inevitably results unbalanced phase back electromotive force (EMF) waveforms, severe torque ripples, acoustic noise, and difficulty precise control. To alleviate asymmetry...

The two degree-of-freedom rotary-linear electric machine with hybrid permanent magnets array is suitable for micro-scale applications due to its high dynamic performance and compact design. To achieve optimal performances, the pole-pair number combinations both rotary linear parts are investigated in this paper. By analyzing pole ratio winding factor, potential candidates selected. Furthermore, results from no-load on-load studies, relationship between numbers output performances revealed....

In this paper, a novel nonlinear active disturbance rejection (ADR) controller is proposed for the speed control of electric drives so that better robustness to parameter variations can be achieved. The observer designed by using sliding mode techniques. When simplified as linear one, it equivalent phase-locked loop (PLLO). However, compared with existing PLLO, has two gains specific physical interpretation, which simplifies gain tuning process, especially observer. To alleviate chattering...

In this paper, a nonlinear proportional and integral (PI) controller based on Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) is proposed for the speed control of electric drives. The Lyapunov function employed in design process to ensure system stability. PI has fixed gain but variable gain, which makes it outperforms than conventional linear terms robustness inertia variations. This paper's method distinguishes between an adaptive neuron (ADALINE) RBFNN with hidden layer. integrator...

This paper proposes a magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC) model for two degree-of-freedom rotary-linear machine with transverse flux structure. The permeance grid is formed according to the pattern generated in finite-element method (FEM). By tuning leakage permeance, electromagnetic performance of calculated by MEC shows good alignment that FEM. To fully demonstrate benefits model, calculation accuracy and time consumption comparisons among magnetomotive force (MMF) FEM are conducted. In...

This article proposed and analyzed a novel phase-unit axial-modular permanent magnet vernier machine (PUAM-PMVM) with integral-slot non-overlapping concentrated windings (ISNOCW) for direct-drive applications. In PUAM-PMVM, all phases are separated distributed along the axial direction fixed mechanical angle between two adjacent phases. Firstly, topology working principle illustrated theoretical expressions derived. Besides, characteristic of slot-pole combinations PUAM-PMVM is summarized,...

This article investigates a permanent magnet vernier machine (PMVM) equipped with positive-mutual-coupling (PMC) winding. The conventional winding layout typically presents negative-mutual-coupling (NMC) among the three-phase windings due to 120 spatial phase shift. It is illustrated that in NMC winding, q-axis self- and mutual flux linkages are superimposed on each other. In contrast, proposed PMC exhibits counteracted linkages, which contributes reducing terminal voltage. generic...