Abstract Several technologies are employed for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles, each technique has advantages and disadvantages, best relies on application at hand, required qualities size product. But in this article green were followed. In research, AgNPs synthesized using Salvia Sclarea leaf extract synthetic routes. The nanoparticles examined UV–vis spectroscopy, powder XRD, SEM, FT-IR. Here three different type biosynthesized, AgNPs-1, AgNPs-2, AgNPs-3 (where composition AgNO 3...

Abstract A simple deterministic epidemic model for tuberculosis is addressed in this article. The impact of effective contact rate, treatment and incomplete versus efficient investigated. We also analyze the asymptotic behavior, spread, possible eradication TB infection. It observed that disease transmission dynamics characterized by basic reproduction ratio $\Re _{0}$ <mml:math...

The objective of this paper is to ascertain the impact Chinese FDI on economic growth in Pakistan. This study documents exploration determinants Pakistan by emphasizing significant role played and investments renewable energy particular. employs time series data analysis examine relationship between GDP FDI, inflation, trade openness, exchange rates, interest remittances, consumption from 1990 2019. involved performing ARDL bounds test, it was determined that dependent independent variables...

&lt;abstract&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this article, the Korteweg-de Vries-Caudrey-Dodd-Gibbon (KdV-CDG) equation is explored via a fractional operator. A nonlocal differential operator with nonsingular kernel used to study KdV-CDG equation. Some theoretical features concerned existence and uniqueness of solution, convergence, Picard-stability solution by using concepts fixed point theory are discussed. Analytical solutions Laplace transformation (LT) associated Adomian decomposition method (ADM)...

Background: Malaria and typhoid fever are significant infectious diseases in tropical subtropical regions, particularly areas with poor sanitation widespread vector breeding grounds. is caused by protozoan parasites of the Plasmodium genus, while a bacterial infection resulting from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Despite their distinct etiologies, co-infection both pathogens frequently reported malaria-endemic complicating diagnosis treatment. Reliable diagnostic tools crucial to...

The spiritual cross-path of Shams Tabraiz, portrayed by Elif Shafak in her ground breaking work “The Forty Rules Love”, and Sufism as explained Kashaf ul Majooob Ali Hajweri puts forth a compelling eye catching lens to investigate the mystical perspectives self-transcendence diving love. This study explores how transformative character Spiritual mentor mentioned novel correspond with basic principle particular Sufi, expounded his book. With unconventional preaching radical wisdom,...

Fossil fuel and electricity-powered irrigation techniques boost the water availability expense increase greenhouse gas emissions. Especially in developing countries, solar-powered is becoming more popular as a response to growing energy environmental issues associated with agriculture systems. The existing study used data from 1080 wheat farmers Balochistan, Pakistan, investigate impact of system (SPIS) usage on technical efficiency (TE) production. TE production estimated using stochastic...

We develop a novel deterministic epidemic model to investigate the effect of treatment ahdrence and awareness on dynamics tuberculosis (TB). To derive conditions for stability local as well global behaviour proposed model, we determine threshold ratio. Our considered admits positive disease endemic state, which shows asymptotic R0>1. explore robustness parametric values, perform sensitivity analysis. use normalised forward index variable in parameter approach. Finally, verify analytical...

The foremost aim of this research was to forecast the performance three stock market indices using multilayer perceptron (MLP), recurrent neural network (RNN), and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) on historical data. Moreover, we compared extrapolative abilities a hybrid ARIMA with MLP RNN models, which are called ARIMA‐MLP ARIMA‐RNN. Because complicated noisy nature financial data, combine novel machine‐learning techniques such as model predict data used in study taken from...

Disasters have serious effects on people"s lives and buildings. Therefore, social media platforms, such as Twitter, become more critical. They are crucial tools for responding to managing disasters effectively. This study examined the effectiveness of various deep learning models, bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), gated recurrent units (GRU), long short-term memory (LSTM) classifying disaster-related tweets. Twitter data related different were collected using...

In this article, a new deterministic disease system is constructed to study the influence of treatment adherence as well awareness on spread tuberculosis (TB). The suggested model composed six various classes, whose dynamics are discussed in sense Caputo fractional operator. Firstly existence solution along with unique checked determine whether has or not. stability also important, so we use Ulam–Hyers concept stability. approximate analysis by technique Laplace transformation using Adomian...

Abstract Despite great academic interest in global green supply chain management (GSCM) practices, its effectiveness for environmental systems (EMS) and market competitiveness during COVID-19 remains untapped. Existing literature suggests that a fundamental link between GSCM, EMS is missing, as critical to maintain competitiveness. To fill this gap the literature, study examines whether influence GSCM practice We also propose articulating role of big data analytics artificial intelligence...

The treatment adherence level of tuberculosis patients is critically related to their awareness about and anti-tuberculosis therapy. Tuberculosis always spreading if the community has low awareness. In this article a mathematical model describing impact difference in on transmission dynamics investigated. It assumed that detected infectious individuals with after may enter either recovered compartment due or latent lack adherence. We compute epidemic threshold parameter, Rb, study its role...

This study seeks an empirical investigation of the impact financial leverage on abnormal stock returns companies listed Karachi Stock Exchange.Using panel data over period 2005 to 2010, finds existence cross-sectional and time heterogeneity, hence uses fixed effects regression model.The reports evidence positive effect returns.This has several plausible explanations.Though based varying underlying reasoning, yet agency theory, trade-off bank debt signaling model, management timing hypothesis...

Given the fact that Nepal is right on cusp of exclusively graduating from Less Development Countries (LDC) category to Developing Countries, as assessment by United Nations. It time reorient, revamp, and re-caliber Nepal’s policies achieve sustainable, fair, just, inclusive growth its people so aptly deserve. has opted graduate in a peculiar time, where world seems be facing huge impending problems such climate change which fundamentally changed how we view development process. eligible...

Abstract The purpose of this research paper is to conducts a comprehensive examination social media engagement in Pakistan, focusing on user trends across diverse platforms. [1]A longitudinal observational design was adopted capture temporal variations interactions major data collection process involved sourcing monthly metrics from publicly available platform analytics, ensuring accuracy and reliability. analysis begins with Facebook, revealing distinctive fluctuations percentages over the...

In this paper, we study a rational type common fixed‐point theorem (CFP theorem) in complex‐valued generalized b ‐metric spaces ( G spaces) by using three self‐mappings under the contraction conditions. We find CFP and prove its uniqueness. To justify our result, provide an illustrative example. Furthermore, present supportive application of Urysohn integral equations (UTIEs) for validity result. The UTIEs are

On the official sovereignty map of China, there is a u-shaped line, which covers an area about 2.1 million square kilometers in South China Sea（SCS）region. The Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia, and other interested countries have raised many questions nine-dash line recent years. article has studied such materials as statement treaties conventions signed by arbitration award obtained from Philippines' lawsuit to Permanent Court Arbitration（PCA） 2013 made in-depth study legal nature, types...

The present investigation focused on soil stabilization methodologies expected to improve the properties of subgrade while pavement building. layer, located beneath base or surface course pavement, often consists weak that lacks necessary strength support loading. Effective is essential ensure long-term performance and reduce distress such as cracking rutting. Various methods have been explored, including mechanical, cement, lime, bitumen, electro-osmosis, thermal, chemical stabilization....

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), have significantly enhanced text analysis capabilities. This technological evolution offers considerable promise for automating review scientific papers, a task traditionally managed through peer by fellow researchers. Despite its critical role maintaining research quality, conventional peer-review process is often slow and subject to biases, potentially impeding swift...