We demonstrate an entirely new method of nanoparticle chemical synthesis based on liquid droplet irradiation with ultralow (<0.1 eV) energy electrons. While formation via high radiolysis or transmission electron microscopy-based bombardment is well-understood, we have developed a source electrons energies close to thermal which leads number important and unique benefits. The charged species, including the growing nanoparticles, are held in ultrathin surface reaction zone enables extremely...

Microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (MPECVD) was used for the production of carbon nanotubes. Vertically aligned multi-walled nanotubes (MWCNTs) were grown on silicon substrates coated with cobalt thin films thickness ranging from 0.5 nm to 3 nm. Prior nanotube growth catalyst treated N2 5-10 minutes that break into small nanoparticles which favour The CNTs at a substrate temperature 700 degrees C 5, 10 and 15 minutes. height CNT microm-30 microm indicating initial rate are...

Future ocean profiling of dissolved inorganic carbon and other analytes will require miniaturised chemical analysis systems based on sealed gas membranes between two fluid channels.

Abstract We describe microfluidic fabrication results achieved using a 10.6 μm CO 2 engraving laser on cast PMMA, in both raster and vector mode, with 1.5″ lens High Power Density Focussing Optics lens. Raster written channels show flatter base are more U-shaped, while V shaped. Cross-sectional images, and, where possible, stylus profilometry presented. The sides of V-grooves become increasing steep power, but broader shallower may be produced mode by defocus, as illustrated. Smoothing...

Microchannel bends of rectangular cross-section were fabricated on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) by hot embossing, with a range channel widths from 55 µm to 400 µm. The capillary movement the interface between air and dyed water through microchannels was recorded analysed. microfluidic flow behaviour as function aspect ratio studied. evaluated Reynolds number always less than 1.0 in each every device. air–water velocity devices proportional ratio. shows prominent increase at 90° separation...

This paper presents a novel method to prepare stretchable conductors and pressure sensors based on the gold/polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) system. The gold films were sputtered onto structured PDMS surfaces produced with photolithographic surface treatment aim of reducing tensile strains in film. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) atomic force analyses showed that these 3D patterns reduce cracks delaminations Electrical measurements indicate also protect against repeated cycling, although...

Abstract Autonomous continuous analysis of oceanic dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) concentration with depth is great significance regard to ocean acidification and climate change. However, miniaturisation in situ systems hampered by the size, cost power requirements traditional optical instrumentation. Here, we report a low-cost microfluidic alternative based on CO 2 separation conductance measurements that could lead integrated lab-on-chip for float deployment, or moored autonomous surface...

Miniaturised point-of-care cardiac marker sensors are being developed, based on impedimetric sensing of enzyme capture by an antibody layer immobilised a planar gold electrode sensor. Gold/Ti-on-glass substrates have been used, in 2 configuration, with antibodies the working electrode. Microfluidic structures fabricated CO2 laser, 25 um thick pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA), PMMA lid, and structure bonded top blood/serum delivery has investigated using visualisation dye. Some flow problems...

In this research paper, in total 212 individual leakage-free Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic devices are fabricated by maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography and direct bonding technique. The effect of channel aspect ratio on dyed water flow is investigated using these devices. Experimental studies show that the faster surface higher wettability. capillary pressure studied PMMA According to experimental observations, centrifugal force has prominent flow. Also, bend angle...

Proper bonding technique is investigated to achieve leakage-free surface-driven capillary flow in polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) microfluidic devices. SU-8-based silicon stamp fabricated by maskless lithography. This used produce PMMA microchannel structure hot embossing A direct mainly employed for sealing inside The effect of surface wettability on also separation polystyrene microparticles laboratory-on-a-chip systems with the reduction time air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma...

The laminar motion of fluid in microchannels is the necessary criteria for integrated microfluidic system as lab-on-a-chip. Experiments were conducted to investigate flow characteristics dyed water through photoresist with square pillars. We found that pillar dimensions on channel surfaces have significant impact rate. evaluated Reynolds number was less than unity each flow. compatibility between sizes and corresponding air-water meniscus movement has been reported. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2009.330]

Continuous and autonomous measurement of total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) in the oceans is critical for modelling important climate change factors such as ocean uptake atmospheric CO2 acidification. Miniaturised chemical analysis systems are therefore required which small enough integration into existing Argo float network long-term unattended depth profiling with accuracy laboratory bench analysers. A microfluidic conductivity-based approach offers potential miniaturisation. Reagent...

This paper will evaluate the usefulness of two nanostructuring techniques in order to grow low turn-on voltage electrodes for use micro-discharge plasma applications such as ST+D Ltd e-nose device. These devices are based on micro-plasma technology and currently operate at around 150V (at 10^-2 Torr) or 3KV atmosphere utilising a propriety power source. The application is qualitative detection NOx with capabilities 5 parts per billion. patented device has undergone basic trials...

Microfluidic lab on chip for measuring dissolved inorganic carbon with application to ocean chemical analysis and depth profiles. Miniaturised system using membrane separation of CO2 concentration determination by conductivity consideration autonomous floats.

The NASA-sponsored OceanMotion Web site (http://www.oceanmotion.org) documents humankind's experiences, observations and investigations of ocean surface currents. In addition to the information resources posted on website, there are also that lead students explore patterns relationships through data products (color-coded images, time series graphs tables). These done an interactive browser interface provides access a wealth data. This paper focuses use current models in student illustrate...

The ocean motion web site (http://oceanmotion.org) provides a toolbox of satellite data and classroom ready materials for high school teachers students to investigate surface currents. has played major role in the history human civilizations, explorations commerce, which makes an exciting environment scientific research, as well as, adventure. study currents numerous connections traditional topics studied history, geography, biology, chemistry, mathematics physics. Study is also great...

Numerical simulation and experimental results of free surface flow in microfluidic channel containing 10 × 15 array 350 micron circular cross-section pillars is presented here. Passive capillary driven transport de-ionized (DI) water isopropyl alcohol considered the study. The fabricated from glass microscope slides patterned with SU8 photoresist using an SF 100 maskless lithography system. Subsequently, slide have been adhered cyanoacrylate adhesive for sealing device. are 120 deep,...