A method is proposed for generating synthetic mammograms based upon simulations of breast tissue and the mammographic imaging process. computer model has been designed with a realistic distribution large medium scale structures. Parameters controlling size placement simulated structures (adipose compartments ducts) provide consistently modeling images same modified position or acquisition parameters. The process using compression x‐ray image estimates deformation elasticity parameters found...

Purpose: We present a novel algorithm for computer simulation of breast anatomy generation anthropomorphic software phantoms. A realistic is necessary preclinical validation volumetric imaging modalities.Methods: The phantom simulates the skin, regions adipose and fibroglandular tissue, matrix Cooper's ligaments compartments. compartments are simulated using seeded region-growing algorithm; grown from set seed points with specific orientation growing speed. resulting vary in shape size...

Purpose: Develop a technique to fabricate 3D anthropomorphic breast phantom with known ground truth for image quality assessment of 2D and x‐ray imaging systems. Methods: The design is based on an existing computer model that can generate voxel phantoms varying composition, size, shape. physical produced in two steps. First, the portion consisting glandular tissue, skin, Cooper's ligaments separated into sections. These sections are then fabricated by high‐resolution rapid prototyping using...

Purpose: The authors present an efficient method for generating anthropomorphic software breast phantoms with high spatial resolution. Employing the same region growing principles as in their previous algorithm anatomy simulation, has been optimized computational complexity to allow fast generation of large number required virtual clinical trials imaging. Methods: new simulation performs a direct calculation Cooper's ligaments (i.e., borders between simulated adipose compartments)....

Virtual clinical trials (VCTs) have a critical role in preclinical testing of imaging systems. A VCT pipeline has been developed to model the human body anatomy, image acquisition systems, display and processing, analysis interpretation. VCTs require execution multiple computer simulations reasonable time. This study presents OpenVCT Framework, consisting graphical software design sequence processing steps for pipeline; management that coordinates execution, manipulates, retrieves phantoms...

Purpose: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a promising cancer screening tool that has already begun making inroads into clinical practice. However, there ongoing debate over how to quantitatively evaluate and optimize these systems, because different definitions of image quality can lead optimal design strategies. Powerful accurate tools are desired extend our understanding DBT system optimization validate published principles. Methods: The authors developed virtual trial framework for...

To correlate the parenchymal texture features at digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and mammography with percent density (PD), an established cancer risk factor, in a screening population of women.This HIPAA-compliant study was approved by institutional review board. Bilateral DBT images mammograms from 71 women (mean age, 54 years; age range, 34-75 years) negative or benign findings were retrospectively collected separate board-approved trial (performed July 2007 to March 2008) which all...

Virtual clinical trials (VCTs) require computer simulations of representative patients and images to evaluate compare changes in performance imaging technologies. The simulated are usually interpreted by model observers whose depends upon the selection cases used training evaluation models. This work proposes an efficient method simulate calibrate soft tissue lesions, which matches detectability threshold virtual human readings.Anthropomorphic breast phantoms were simulation four mass models...

We have evaluated a method for synthesizing mammograms by comparing the texture of clinical and synthetic mammograms. The synthesis algorithm is based upon simulations breast tissue mammographic imaging process. Mammogram was synthesized projections simulated adipose compartments. It hypothesized that similar properties, assuming mammogram reflects 3D distribution. size projected compartments computed mathematical morphology. energy fractal dimension were also analyzed in terms distribution...

A computer model of X-ray mammography has been developed, which uses quasi-realistic high-resolution voxel phantoms to simulate the breast. The have 400 microm voxels and three-dimensional distributions adipose fibro-glandular tissues, Cooper's ligaments, ducts skin allow estimation dose individual tissues. Calculations incident air kerma mean glandular conversion factor, g, were made using a Mo/Mo spectrum at 28 kV for eight in thickness range 40-80 mm varying glandularity. values differed...

Purpose: To evaluate inter- and intrareader agreement in breast percent density (PD) estimation on clinical digital mammograms central tomosynthesis (DBT) projection images. Materials Methods: This HIPAA-compliant study had institutional review board approval; all patients provided informed consent. Breast PD was performed the basis of anonymized DBT projections 39 women (mean age, 51 years; range, 31–80 years). All recently detected abnormalities or biopsy-proved cancers. estimated by three...

Purpose: Digital anthropomorphic breast phantoms have emerged in the past decade because of recent advances 3D x‐ray imaging techniques. Computer literature incorporated power‐law noise to represent glandular tissue and branching structures linear components such as ducts. When is added those one piece, simulated fibroglandular distributed randomly throughout breast, resulting dense placement that may not be observed a real breast. The authors describe method for enhancing an existing...

Due to the limited number of views and angular span in digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), acquisition geometry design is an important factor that affects image quality. Therefore, intensive studies have been conducted regarding optimization geometry. However, different reconstruction algorithms were used most reported studies. Because each type algorithm can provide images with its own resolution, noise properties artifact appearance, it unclear whether optimal geometries concluded for DBT...

Abstract Virtual clinical trials (VCTs) can be used to evaluate and optimise medical imaging systems. VCTs are based on computer simulations of human anatomy, modalities image interpretation. OpenVCT is an open-source framework for conducting imaging, with a particular focus breast imaging. The aim this paper was the in two tasks involving digital tomosynthesis (DBT). First, were perform detailed comparison virtual reading studies detection lesions mammography DBT. Then, expanded include...

Dynamic Reconstruction and Rendering (DRR) is a fast flexible tomosynthesis image reconstruction display implementation. By leveraging the computational efficiency gains afforded by off-the-shelf GPU hardware, can be performed on demand at real-time, user-interactive frame rates. multiplanar reconstructions allow user to adjust parameters interactively, including axial sampling, slice location, plane tilt, magnification, filter selection. on-demand allows images viewed as true...

We have designed and conducted 35 virtual clinical trials (VCTs) of breast lesion detection in digital mammography (DM) tomosynthesis (DBT) using a novel open-source simulation pipeline, OpenVCT. The goal the VCTs is to test in-silico reports that DBT provides substantial improvements detectability masses, while microcalcifications remains comparable DM. For this test, we generated 12 software phantoms (volume 700ml, compressed thickness 6.33cm), varying number simulated tissue compartments...

Background Analysis of how digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) screening affects consecutive performance is important to estimate its future value in screening. Purpose To evaluate whether DBT contributes early detection cancer by assessing rates (CDRs), including the fraction invasive cancers and subtypes routine mammography (DM). Materials Methods The paired prospective Malmö Breast Tomosynthesis Screening Trial (MBTST) was performed between January 2010 February 2015. Participating women...

A method is proposed for realistic simulation of the breast ductal network as part a computer three‐dimensional (3‐D) phantom. The simulated using tree models. Synthetic trees are generated based upon description branching by ramification matrices (R matrices), whose elements represent probabilities at various levels tree. We breast, consisting multiple lobes, random binary (RBT). Each lobe extends from ampulla and consists segments decreasing size, associated terminal ductal‐lobular units....

Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a promising technique to overcome the tissue superposition limitations found in planar 2D x-ray mammography. However, as most DBT systems do not employ an anti-scatter grid, levels of scattered radiation recorded within image receptor are significantly higher than that observed Knowledge this field necessary part any correction scheme and for computer modelling optimisation examination. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations often used purpose, however they...

We propose a multistep approach for representing and classifying tree-like structures in medical images. Tree-like are frequently encountered biomedical contexts; examples the bronchial system, vascular topology, breast ductal network. use tree encoding techniques, such as depth-first string PrUfer encoding, to obtain symbolic representation of tree's branching topology; problem trees is then reduced classification. tf-idf text mining technique assign weight significance each term (i.e.,...

Purpose: This work proposes an accurate method for simulating dose reduction in digital mammography starting from a clinical image acquired with standard dose. Methods: The developed this consists of scaling mammogram at the radiation and adding signal‐dependent noise. algorithm accounts specific issues relevant images, such as anisotropic noise, spatial variations pixel gain, effect on detective quantum efficiency. process takes into account linearity system offset detector elements....