A5007412759- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Marine Bivalve and Aquaculture Studies
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Diatoms and Algae Research
- Algal biology and biofuel production
- Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications
- Industrial Gas Emission Control
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Odor and Emission Control Technologies
- Communism, Protests, Social Movements
- European history and politics
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
- Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Marine and coastal plant biology
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Environmental DNA in Biodiversity Studies
- Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
Leibniz Institute for Research on Society and Space
2022
Medigene (Germany)
2022
German Federal Archives
2022
Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung
2010-2019
University of Rhode Island
2017-2018
Czech Agrifood Research Center
2006
The genome of the Southern Ocean phytoplankton Fragilariopsis cylindrus differs markedly from genomes its more temperate relatives, with divergent alleles being differentially expressed in environmentally specific conditions such as freezing and darkness. Diatoms are main primary producers Ocean, but how they have adapted to an environment extremes light temperature has remained unknown. Here Thomas Mock et al. report sequence a cold-adapted diatom cylindrus, compare this 'psychrophile'...
Abstract. We report for the first time on discovery of calcium carbonate crystals as ikaite (CaCO3·6H2O) in sea ice from Arctic (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard) confirmed by morphology and indirectly X-ray diffraction well XANES spectroscopy its amorophous decomposition product. This finding demonstrates that precipitation during freezing is not restricted to Antarctic, where it was observed 2008. observation an important step quest quantify impact driven carbon cycle.
Fragilariopsis is a dominating psychrophilic diatom genus in polar sea ice. The two species cylindrus and curta are able to grow divide below freezing temperature of water above average salinity. Here we show that antifreeze proteins (AFPs), involved cold adaptation several organisms, widespread the species. presence AFP genes (afps) as multigene family indicated importance this group for Fragilariopsis, possibly contributing its success Protein phylogeny showed potential mobility afps,...
Methane sources and sinks in the Arctic are poorly quantified. In particular, methane emissions from Ocean potential sink capacity still under debate. this context sea ice impact on intense cycling of between Polar surface water (PSW) becomes pivotal. We report super- under-saturation PSW Eurasian Basin (EB), strongly linked to ice-ocean interactions. southern EB is caused by both inflow warm Atlantic short-time contact with ice. By comparison northern long-time ice-PSW triggered freezing...
Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is a biogenic trace gas with importance to aerosol formation. DMS produced by microbial degradation of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), an abundant metabolite in marine microalgae. We analyzed and DMSP concentrations surface water the central Arctic Ocean during two expeditions north 79°N 2011 2015. identified three regions, which were characterized different concentrations, dependent on regional masses relative movement sea ice each other. In addition, correlations...
Abstract Microbial oxidation of methane in oxic water bodies is an important control on the amount dissolved which released from ocean to atmosphere. We explored use stable isotope spikes quantify rates Arctic seawater samples. A Picarro G2201‐ i cavity ring‐down spectrometer was used determine concentration and ratios headspace samples foil incubators. The mass balance change served as independent constraints oxidation. For a fractionation factor 1.025 rate constants determined with both...
Abstract Sea ice is a dynamic biogeochemical reactor and double interface actively interacting with both the atmosphere ocean. However, proper understanding of its annual impact on exchanges, therefore potentially climate, notably suffer from paucity autumnal winter data sets. Here we present results physical investigations Antarctic pack in Weddell (R. V. Polarstern AWECS cruise, June–August 2013) which are compared those two similar studies conducted area 1986 1992. The 2013 was...
Abstract Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) have been isolated from various sea-ice organisms. Their characterisation points to a crucial role in protecting the organisms sub-zero environments. However, their situ abundance and diversity natural microbial communities is largely unknown. In this study, we analysed expression phylogenetic of eukaryotic IBP transcripts Arctic Antarctic sea ice. were found abundances similar those involved core cellular processes such as photosynthesis. Eighty-nine...
Abstract. Marine microbial communities can consume dissolved methane before it escape to the atmosphere and contribute global warming. Seawater over shallow Arctic shelf is characterized by excess compared atmospheric equilibrium. This originates in sediment, permafrost, hydrate. Particularly high concentrations are found beneath sea ice. We studied structure oxidation potential of from seawater collected close Utqiagvik, Alaska, April 2016. The situ were 16.3 ± 7.2 nmol L−1, approximately...
Abstract Sea ice microbial communities produce large amounts of the sulfur metabolite dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), a precursor climate cooling gas dimethylsulfide. Despite their importance to polar cycle, drivers and metabolic pathways sea DMSP are uncertain. Here we report first measurements isotopic composition ( 34 S/ 32 S ratio, δ S). values in cores from Ross Weddell reveal considerable variability across seasons between horizons (from +10.6 +23.6‰). We discuss how most extreme...
Abstract. We report for the first time on discovery of calcium carbonate crystals as ikaite (CaCO3*6H2O) in sea ice from Arctic (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). This finding demonstrates that precipitation during freezing is not restricted to Antarctic, where it was observed 2008. an important step quest quantify its impact driven carbon cycle and should future enable improvement parametrization models.
Abstract. Microbial communities of the ocean can consume methane dissolved in seawater before it has a chance to escape atmosphere and contribute greenhouse warming. Seawater over shallow Arctic shelf is characterized by excess compared atmospheric equilibrium originating sediments, permafrost hydrates. Particularly high concentrations are found beneath sea ice. We studied structure oxidation potential microbial from collected close Utqiagvik, Alaska, April 2016. The situ were 16.3 ± 7.2...