Natural convection and entropy generation due to the heat transfer fluid friction irreversibilities in a three-dimensional cubical cavity with partially heated cooled vertical walls has been investigated numerically using finite volume method. Four different arrangements of active sidewalls are considered. Numerical calculations carried out for Rayleigh numbers from (103 ≤ Ra 106), various locations partial heating cooling sidewalls, while Prandtl number air is considered constant as Pr=0.7)...

This review paper deals with the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs).Water basin remains a wonderful chemical reactor that allows occurrence intricate secondary reactions, forming several hundreds DBPs at same time microorganisms killing.The kinetics is tightly dependent on water physicochemical characteristics such as temperature, hydrophobic/hydrophilic fractions in natural organic matter (NOM), pH, and pretreatment.Reducing levels drinking not relevant measure newly-developed...

Heat transfer, fluid flow and entropy generation due to combined buoyancy thermocapillary forces in a 3D differentially heated enclosure containing Al2O3 nanofluid are carried out for different Marangoni numbers nanoparticles concentrations. The vector potential-vorticity formalism the finite volume method used respectively formulate solve governing equations calculations were performed number from −103 103, fraction of 0 0.2 fixed Rayleigh at 105. An intensification an increase heat...

To protect environmental and human health, enhanced treatment methods are more than required to kill microorganisms from wastewater.The electrocoagulation (EC) process is employed remedy wastewater.This review aims focus on the EC as an electrodisinfection (ED) technique, i.e., a microorganism killing method, in terms of mechanisms involved.An excellent performance shown through large literature.The electric field (EF) contribution remains fundamental microorganisms.Also, adsorption or...

Electrocoagulation (EC) process has been largely found efficient in terms of pathogens removal. This literature review focuses on describing the key killing microorganisms' pathway followed throughout EC technique. The removal route using is deeply assessed following practical experimentation realized during these last years. Physical elimination and chemical deactivation pathways are suggested for bacteria reduction procedure method employing Fe/Al anodes: (1) entrapping flocs, (2)...

A numerical investigation of magneto-hydrodynamic mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity filled with gyrotactic micro-organisms is examined.Different magnetic field inclinations are considered and the left wall moving up constant speed vertical direction.The right walls assumed to be adiabatic.The top horizontal kept at features solution.Lower temperature, while bottom higher temperature.The developed equations mathematical model put their dimensionless forms then solved numerically...

In this research integrated scheduling of machines and automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in a flexible job shop environment is addressed. The literature generally ignores the transportation jobs between when considered typically assumes an unlimited number AGVs. order to comply with Industry 4.0 requirements, today’s manufacturing systems make use AGVs transport machines. addressed problem involves simultaneous assignment operations one alternative machines, determining sequence on each...

The food industry at the global and local levels is increasingly exposed to severe challenges disruptions because of rising consumer demands, rigorous strict international regulations related safety environmental concerns, all which necessitate adoption proven recognized management philosophies sustainable practices run manufacturing process. Although has adopted total quality management, lean practices, other philosophies, more efforts are still needed enhance performance. purpose this...

This work studies the electrocoagulation (EC) process for treatment of colored solutions two dyes used in textile industry: direct brown 2 (DB) and BF cibacete blue (CB) using aluminum electrodes batch mode. Key EC parameters are investigated. The pH effect is found to be more important than supporting electrolyte on electrochemical process. best efficiencies as follows: DB, 99.89% removal at 40 mg/L (pH 10, U = 12 V, tEC 60 min); CB, 99.74% 2.5, min). power consumption 16.56 17.04 kWh/m3 DB...

This work deals with the electrocoagulation (EC) process for an organic dye removal. The chosen is C.I. disperse yellow 3 (DY) which used in textile industry. Experiments were performed batch mode using Al electrodes and comparison purposes Fe electrodes. experimental set-up was composed of 1 L beaker, two identical are separated 2 cm from each other. main operating parameters influencing EC examined such as pH, supporting electrolyte concentration CNaCl, current density i, DY concentration....

Fouling constitutes one of the main issues challenging application membranes in reverse osmosis processes.Serious results fouling are decrease permeation flux through time, decreased lifetime membranes, more usual washings, and therefore important use chemical products extra energy costs to balance out decline membrane permeability.A short discussion investigations realized on parameters experiments established is given.This work aims attract attention a dimensionless grouping restricted...

Construction firms work in a harsh competitive environment where every company struggles to ensure that its projects are successfully completed with the constraints of best quality, cost and time. Quality management systems (QMS) have been widely used by world-class construction companies successful delivery. The main purpose present study is evaluate degree readiness Saudi operating Hail region towards implementation QMS proper use quality tools. perception both managerial technical staff...

Time performance of a project is usually particularly important consideration for the construction parties. Often, most troublesome disputes involve delay and failure to complete work in specified time frame. Many variables have an impact upon Saudi Arabia. This study aims at identifying risk matrix causes projects Arabia from consultants' viewpoint. A questionnaire survey was undertaken 51 consultants working on Northern Province Thirty five were identified through literature review. The...

In Saudi Arabia, as population growth increases, the need for safe drinking water is more and increasing both human use industrial applications. These requires highly efficient processing plants that meet growing needs of customers their expectations providing service to all segments society at lowest possible cost. On other hand, these stations consume high amounts energy in addition maintenance operating costs due emergency breakdowns, which turn result lower production exit some units...

Working to ensure a safe and secure work environment for workers employees has become an essential component of achieving organizational excellence in modern organizations. Occupational safety health (OSH) programs help attracting retaining the workforce human competencies, thus improving operational performance these Total quality management (TQM) is philosophy adopted by successful organizations achieve sustainable business performance. This study aims assess level implementation total...

Nations prosperity in a dynamic global economy depends critically on the quality and quantity of knowledge, innovation creativity skills generated gained by their human assets. Creativity, systems are at heart successful strategies adopted modern economies. In general terms they meant for creation adoption new knowledge to improve value products, processes, services delivered customers. The present study was carried out within national research project funded ministry education Saudi Arabia,...

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Technology-mediated education or e-learning is growing globally both in scale and delivery capacity due to the large diffusion of ubiquitous information communication technologies (ICT) general web particular. This statement has not yet been fully supported by research, especially developing countries such as Algeria. The purpose this paper was identify directions for addressing needs academics higher institutions Algeria order adopt approach a strategy improve quality education. will report...

Flexible Job Shop Scheduling is an important problem in the fields of combinatorial optimization and production management.This research addresses multiobjective flexible job shop scheduling with objective simultaneous minimization of: (1) makespan, (2) workload most loaded machine, (3) total workload.A general-purpose, domain independent genetic algorithm implemented a spreadsheet environment proposed for shop.Spreadsheet functions are used to develop model.Performance compared heuristic...

The need for quality control in the ready-mixed concrete industry is increasingly emerging as a tool ensuring achievement of highest possible produced with lowest practical price. In typical construction projects, compressive strength most important criterion judging acceptability batch from given plant. Variability batches any plant inevitable. Such variability has led researchers field to analyze statistics these results order draw conclusions about and ways improve it. Ultimately, goal...

The intermittent nature of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind necessitates integration with energy-storage units to enable realistic applications. In this study, thermal performance enhancement the finned Cylindrical Thermal Energy Storage (C-TES) nano-enhanced Phase Change Material (PCM) integrated water heating system under Storage, Charging Discharging (SCD) conditions were investigated experimentally. effects addition copper oxide (CuO) aluminum (Al2O3) nanoparticles in PCM...

Though it is universally accepted that the face-to-face approach best way for education and training, however, with advent of information communication technologies (mainly World Wide Web) became possible to enhance further methods we are using teach our students share teaching material within a broaden engineering, technical business communities. This paper dedicated making review basic concepts knowledge management e-learning show how these two modern can be integrated into engineering...