This paper describes a singly-fed circularly polarized rectangular dielectric resonator antenna (RDRA) for MIMO and 5G Sub 6 GHz applications. Circular polarization was achieved both ports using novel-shaped conformal metal strip. To improve the isolation between radiators, "S" shaped defective ground plane structure (DGPS) used. In order to authenticate estimated findings, prototype of suggested radiator built tested experimentally. Over desired band, i.e., 3.57-4.48 GHz, fractional...

Devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) produce large amounts sensitive data. However, use public for data transfer by IoT devices makes them susceptible to cyber attacks. Among these attacks, tampering or modification attacks disrupt bias states applications using may result widespread damage and outages. To detect such this paper proposes an efficient simple technique systems. The proposed mechanism uses a random time hopping sequence permutations hide validation information. We also...

The rapid advancements in cyber-attack strategies are parallel with the measures for detection, analysis, and prevention. Attackers have recently developed fileless malware that can simply bypass existing security mechanisms. high complexity of attacks rises today’s world because increases chance cyberwar many countries, rise one most sophisticated is now increasing day by present challenges traditional detection analysis used does not provide complete information on Fileless malware. It...

In modern electrical systems, solar energy extracted is integrated into grid using power converters. most cases, several inverters are connected across the same dc link so that circulating currents between inverter made zero and input shared among available inverters. Because of nonlinear nature grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) system inherent modeling uncertainties, conventional control schemes cannot provide satisfactory performances under all operating conditions. Nonlinear techniques for have...

A reconfigurable magnetorquer coil has been designed and implemented for the CubeSat power management, attitude determination, control tile (CubePMT) module of CubeSat-standard nanosatellites. Magnetorquer is a good choice stabilization The goal this work to provide with coil, which small dimensions, low weight, heat dissipation. integrated within printed circuit board internal layers, occupying no extra space on CubeSat. Coils in each layer are treated separately can be attached detached...

The Electric Power System (EPS) and attitude control system (ACS) are the essential components of any satellite. EPS ACS efficiency compactness substantial for proper operation performance satellite’s entire mission life. So, realizing significance subsystems satellite, they have been assimilated developed in modular forms focusing on compactness. is comprised three modules called solar panel module (SPM), power conditioning (PCM), distribution (PDM) while has an embedded magnetorquer coil....

An attitude control system (ACS) is one of the critical subsystems any spacecraft and typically in charge de-tumbling, controlling, orienting satellite after initial deployment during operations. The magnetorquer a core magnetic actuator and, therefore, good choice for nanosatellite stabilization. There are various methods to achieve torque using magnetorquer. innovative design printed has been proposed nanosatellites, which modular, scalable, cost effective, less prone failure, with reduce...

In space thermal environment, satellites are exposed to multiple heat sources which can deteriorate structural and equipment integrity over long periods of time. Normally radiators used release heat, but due weight constraints, it is impossible mount on small satellites. This problem signifies the importance analysis a satellite in every development stage, such as design, manufacturing testing. The ultimate goal this work analyze spacecraft environment by considering effect various sources....

The power distribution module (PDM) is one of the vital modules onboard small satellites and its design governs performance all subsystems including communication, attitude determination & control, navigation, payload, etc. paper presents PDM developed for Pakistan National Student Satellite-1 (PNSS-1). main focus modularity, redundancy, reuse miniaturization using commercial off shelf (COTS) components. sub-module electric system (EPS) which converts bus (PDB) voltage level (unregulated...

Spacecrafts need to maneuver their solar panels towards the sun and antennas ground station for maximum power harvesting communication with station. For tracking purpose, usually magnetorquer rods, reaction wheels permanent magnets are used, but they heavier, expensive, occupy extra space on spacecraft. Keeping in mind dimension, budget mass constraints of small satellites, a system compatible satellite is worth consideration. Consequently, this paper focuses designing analyzing panel module...

ABSTRACT Recently, universities and Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) have initiated the development of nanosatellites because their low cost, small size short time. The challenging aspects for these satellites are surface area heat dissipation due to limited size. There is not enough space mounting radiators dissipation. As a result, thermal modelling becomes very important element in designing satellite. paper presents detailed simplified generic models CubeSat panels also complete model...

This paper presents the effectiveness of interior search algorithm in economic power scheduling a grid-tied DC microgrid with renewable generation (wind and photovoltaic) battery energy storage. The study modelling simulation various DC/DC converters for tracking maximum from wind photovoltaic sources bidirectional flow its controllers were modelled simulated MATLAB/Simulink. generating units dispatched economically using objective to minimize operating cost microgrid. results verify as...

Different systems are used for attitude control of CubeSat such as Permanent Magnets, Reaction Wheel and Magnetic Rods but they occupy much space, heavier consume relatively higher power. Two different shapes i.e. Square Circular Embedded Magnetorquers Standard Nanosatellites have been designed compared in this paper. They embedded identical Solar panel PCB. The solar PCB is an eight layers Four (i.e. 2 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

Active attitude control systems using a novel six-layer electromagnetic embedded printed air coil for small satellites with various dimensions are presented in this paper. The proposed designs optimized terms of available area, generated torque, power dissipation, and magnetic dipole moment. designed coils the best choice satellites' stabilization their modularity, reconfigurability, lower cost, lesser space occupation, low mass. is analyzed three 10, 13, . design implemented commercial...

In recent years, the development market for low-cost nanosatellites has grown considerably. It been made possible due to availability of launch vectors and use “commercial off-the-shelf components” (COTS). The satellite design standardization also helped a great deal encourage subsystem reuse over number space missions. This created numerous opportunities small companies universities develop their own nanosatellite or subsystems. Most COTS components are usually not qualified. order make...

This paper discusses designing and implementation of an efficient Electric Power Supply System (EPS) for a Micro Satellite. Design analysis satellite different subsystems such as power generation, distribution management, storage, modules protection, bus voltage regulation battery charging micro-satellite have been discussed in detail. To perform all these duties whole EPS is divided into three units i.e. Solar Unit, Conditioning Unit Distribution Unit. Each unit isolated system, has local...