This paper evaluates the performance and reliability of a commercially available 3-D conformal finite-difference time-domain particle-in-cell (PIC) code, VSim, for cold test simulations gyrotron cavity. An interaction cavity 95-GHz is simulated optimized using VSim PIC code to achieve TE6,2 mode excitation. The design also studied compared numerical CASCADE, MAGIC. A rigorous analysis simulation results obtained through MAGIC performed CASCADE as reference. with based on its accuracy...

This paper expands a previously proposed optimized higher order (2, 4) finite-difference time-domain scheme (H(2, scheme) for use with lossy material. A low dispersion error is obtained by introducing weighting factor and two scaling factors. The creates isotropic dispersion, the factors dramatically reduce numerical at an operating frequency. In addition, results confirm that performs better than H(2, wideband analysis. Lastly, validity of verified calculating scattering problem circular...

An extremely low dispersive algorithm based on two-dimensional higher-order (2,4) (H(2,4)) finite-difference time-domain method is developed for calculating a Maxwell-Boltzmann system. To minimize large numerical errors near the plasma frequency, two-step process proposed. In first step, weighted sum of H(2,4) and Yee schemes obtained, correction electron density collision frequency weakly ionized implemented in second step. With this process, proposed scheme accurately estimates plasma....

We present a design study on self-driving folded waveguide traveling-wave tube (FWTWT). This device is an energy-recirculating hybrid vacuum which has G-band FWTWT and (FWG) structure backward-wave oscillator (BWO) as source for the FWTWT. The microfabrication of proposed circuit been tried using computer numerical control (CNC) machine super-drill. detailed simulations based analytic equations were compared with CST Studios™ results, demonstrated considerably good agreement to each other.

This study investigated the complexities of carbon dioxide injection scenarios in reservoirs, emphasizing prediction phases at bottomholes wells. A novel data-driven deep-learning, adaptive factorization network, was introduced to consider various scenarios. network models were rigorously trained using an extensive dataset approximately 43,000 wells from seven leading shale gas basins North America. The categorized into two primary classes–supercritical and dense–as determined by prevailing...

This brief describes the design of a frequency synthesizer for 2.3/4.6-GHz wireless applications in 0.35-/spl mu/m digital CMOS process. provides dual-band output signals by means doubling techniques. Output proposed ranges from 1.87-2.3 GHz, and 3.74-4.6GHz. chip consumes total power 80 mW single 2-V supply, including 45 buffers. Core size is 2200 /spl mu/m/spl times/1600 mu/m.

This study investigated the complexities of CO2 injection scenarios in reservoirs, emphasizing prediction phases at bottomholes wells. A novel data-driven deep-learning, adaptive factorization network (AFN), was introduced to consider various scenarios. AFN models were rigorously trained using an extensive dataset approximately 43,000 wells from seven leading shale gas basins North America. The categorized into two primary classes–supercritical and dense–as determined by prevailing flow...

전자기파와 플라즈마의 상호 작용을 결정하는 주요 변수는 플라즈마 주파수와 충돌 주파수이며, 이 둘은 각각 전자 밀도와 온도로부터 계산할 수 있다. 두 값은 발생기 종류에 따라 결정되는 시간 의존적인 변수이다. 기존의 전파 흡수 특성 연구에서는 수치 해석적 모형의 부재로 인하여 시간적/공간적 변화를 간략화하거나, 상수로 가정하여 수행하였다. 본 유체 모델을 도입하여 얻어진 의존적 변수 값을 전자기파감쇠량 계산에 이용함으로써 해석의 정확도를 높이는 방식을 제안하였다. 해석 대상인 유전체 장벽 방전 플라즈마는 구조적인 단순함으로 1차원 분석만으로 분포의 시간적 반영할 논문은 한 주기 내에서 온도를 추출하여 마이크로파 입사 시 분석하였다. 또한, 온도의 변화에 감쇠량을 계산하여 감쇠 경향성을 In determining interaction between plasma and electromagnetic wave, frequency collision are two key...

Digitized beam-forming metal reflectarray antennas are designed for millimeter-wave region. The phase control of has been implemented by the reconfiguration rectangular grooves on a plate. antenna 1,147 elements arranged in an aluminum All depths elaborately manipulated and digitized high-gain beam-aimed reflectors. We have demonstrated reconfigurable to steer re-radiated field from reflector two dimensional plane. proposed can be helpful choice applications requiring antennas.

Quantitative evaluation of optical properties choroid and sclera are performed by multifunctional coherence tomography. Five normal eyes, five glaucoma eyes one choroidal atrophy eye examined. The refractive error was found to be correlated with birefringence, polarization uniformity, flow in addition scleral birefringence among eyes. significant differences were observed between the as for birefringence. An automatic segmentation algorithm retinal pigment epithelium chorioscleral interface...

This paper presents the comparative study on gyrotron cold-cavity simulation for a 94 GHz using commercially available PIC codes: MAGIC and VSIM. The purpose of this is to prove reliability accuracy VSIM tool in cavity simulations by comparing its results with results. We have carried out cold TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6, 2</sub> mode excitation analyzed terms resonant frequency quality factor.

In this paper, an optimized higher order (2,4) 3-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is applied in plasma. The scheme uses the scaling factors and weighted sum of standard FDTD (Yee's scheme) (H(2,4)) proposed by Fang. improves performance phase attenuation constant error over propagation angle without additional computational complexity compared with H(2,4). maximum reduced 99.998% H(2,4)'s error.