In this paper, a simple expression to predict the average diameter of columns created with single, double and triple fluid jet grouting is proposed considering both energy eroding resistance soil. The injection system (single, or triple) composition injected fluids are taken into account on basis theoretical analysis turbulent diffusion submerged jets. Instead separately air shrouding fluid, parameter introduced which represents beneficial effect in reducing energetic dissipation external...

Cyclic undrained triaxial tests were carried out on saturated and unsaturated loose specimens of three fine-grained materials. The results confirm that, as the saturation degree decreases, liquefaction resistance sharply increases. In interpretation results, first step was assessment reliability use 5% strain amplitude criterion to define attainment liquefaction. With this aim, analysed assuming that soil behaves an equivalent viscous material. It is shown characteristic values viscosity...

Induced partial saturation (IPS) is considered to be one of the most promising technologies tackle soil liquefaction risk. The mitigation susceptibility loose partially saturated sandy soils linked high volumetric compressibility gas or air bubbles entrapped in continuous water phase. Based on a large amount experimental data, new formulation potential strain (εv*) nonsaturated introduced overcome some inconsistencies possible dissolution bubbles, that may not neglected at laboratory scale...

Fully liquefied soils behave like viscous fluids, and models developed within the framework of soil mechanics fail to catch their behaviour on verge liquefaction or after it. Several research works have shown that modelling as a fluid is physically more convincing. Such an equivalent can be characterised via apparent viscosity (η) (sharply dropping when triggered) which modelled power law function shear strain rate (pseudo-plastic fluid), depending two parameters: consistency coefficient (k)...

A methodology for cost-effective design of jet grouted water-sealing bottom plugs is presented in this paper. These massive barriers, made partially overlapping columns, are required to ensure temporary waterproofing excavation areas and adequate uplift resistance against water loads. Therefore, the proposed calculation procedure simultaneously focuses on structural performance continuity plug. The may be optimized by considering possibility reducing column length, performing injections only...

Earthquake-induced soil liquefaction is a catastrophic phenomenon that can damage existing building foundations and other structures, resulting in significant economic losses. Traditional mitigation techniques against present critical aspects, such as high construction costs, impact on surrounding infrastructure effects the environment. Therefore, research ongoing order to develop new approaches technologies suitable mitigate risk. Among innovative countermeasures liquefaction, Induced...

Dredging activities of harbours and rivers are becoming very important in many countries all over the world and, as a consequence, disposal dredged sediments is critical concern from an environmental point view. In order to facilitate or reuse large volume soils, usually under-consolidated with high water content, electrokinetic treatment can be adopted goal dewater strengthen sediments. This paper presents results some tests performed on reconstituted clayey specimens at different pore...

In saturated sandy soils liquefaction triggering is generally well-identified according to stress or strain criteria. On the contrary, attainment of in non-saturated still a cause discussion scientific community. Even if resistance higher than that ones, these may liquefy, as well. The increasing interest for cyclically mechanical behaviour due fact desaturation induced partial saturation can be used useful mitigation techniques against soil liquefaction. Therefore, it important define,...

Electrokinetic (EK) treatment is a possible attractive way to speed up the consolidation of fine-grained dredged sediments. The effectiveness this method depends on complex physical–chemical interaction between soil particles, interstitial fluid and pollutants. This paper presents experimental laboratory results obtained by inducing mechanical EK in material. Then, finite-difference numerical code implemented authors able solve large small strain equations (Lassec1), including...

Abstract Experimental evidence shows that earthquake induced liquefaction can occur more than once in sandy soils. Moreover, despite an increase soil density caused by the dissipation of excess pore pressure earthquakes, resistance soils have experienced may be lower virgin This paper offers insight into this topic starting from analysis undrained monotonic behavior post-liquefied sands means tests performed with a simple shear cell equipped flexible boundaries, which maintains constant...