Porous carbon materials doped with transition metals have emerged as promising electrode in the field of energy storage due to their higher theoretical capacitance and cost-effectiveness. In this study, metallic cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs) were successfully loaded into porous via one-step carbonization method for electrochemical research applications (Co/CM). A comparative investigation was conducted by varying content polystyrene microspheres (PS) optimize morphology. Scanning electron...

This paper discussed a new photovoltaic (PV) system topology that uses PV energy in efficient way order to improve power output during different operating conditions. The proposed provides flexible connection between modules achieve configurations of array. A switching matrix has been developed the required configurations. Preliminary simulations provide promising results for an adaptive Comparison traditional and configuration is considered. significant improvement curves achieved by topology.

Under partial shading conditions (PSCs), multiple local maximum power points (MPPs) may be exhibited on the P-U curve of photovoltaic systems. Direct control (DIRC) methods cannot extract global MPP (GMPP); soft computing techniques can achieve it but are time consuming. This paper proposes a novel hybrid point tracking (MPPT) algorithm (INC-FA) combining incremental conductance (INC) and firefly (FA) to better adaptability in various environments. INC is widely used because its low-cost...

Under partial shading conditions, the power–voltage (P-U) curve may exhibit multiple local maxima. This makes it challenging to track global maximum power point (GMPP). Additionally, in such conventional tracking (MPPT) methods cannot be used extract GMPP. paper describes a modified firefly algorithm (MFA) that can rapidly and accurately GMPP under conditions. The introduces concepts of densities during each iteration, devises two elimination mechanisms adaptively adjust population. proposed...

The proposed dimming method for fluorescent lamps consists of a wall unit and light connected by two wires only. rheostat triac dimmer restricts the cut-in angle to small amount be detected ballast controller. angular information is then converted frequency in driving lamp with desirable intensity.

In order to increase the accuracy of on-line liquid density measurements, a sensor equipped with tuning fork as resonant sensitive component is designed in this paper. It quasi-digital simple structure and high precision. The based on resonance theory composed unit closed-loop control unit, where consists actuator, detector comprises precondition circuit, digital signal processing analog-to-digital converter digital-to-analog converter. An approximate parameters model established impact...

In order to improve the transfer efficiency of solar array, this paper introduces a practical Maximum Power Point tracker and analyzes it in details. The methodology includes loss-free resistor (LFR) realizing by buck-boost converter. An improved incremental conductance tracking (ICT) algorithm with variable searching steps is also presented. case, maximum power tracked transferred load, regardless its characteristics. From analysis we can conclude that both circuit control method are simple...

This paper presents a reactive power optimization model for an active distribution network (ADN), including solid state transformer (SST). In this model, the SST, as electronic device, compensates system by adjusting modulation coefficients and phase angles of voltage source converter. A sequential multiscenario technique is implemented to simulate transient characteristics distributed generators (DGs). By optimizing continuous variables SST output controllable DG, deviation loss ADN are...

Parallel operation of power transformers is a common phenomenon in networks and plays key role the development active distribution network (ADN). In this paper, parallel model solid-state transformer (SST) an on-load tap changer (OLTC) proposed, which can not only improve supply reliability grid, but also compensate for reactive maximize use clean energy. On basis, optimization (RPO) ADN under condition SST OLTC constructed. Firstly, considering SST's own loss, steady-state established....

The islanding occurred in the photovoltaic power generation system may bring great harm, therefore research on detection and protection has important practical significance. Based existing method, this paper analyzes an method based frequency of small asymmetry. is suitable for power-matching islanding, combined with passive detection, can be achieved. This its theory establishes a model. simulation results show that proposed rapid effective.

In recent years, as energy and environmental problems, solar utilization has obtained Rapid development. This paper analysis compares the main technical issues of power system proposed a Improved Buck-Boost Circuit based on soft-switching technology DC/DC converter, then designed fuzzy logic controller two grid-connected PV to achieve maximum point tracking. On basis Circuit, built MPPT control model perturbation observation method method. By Matlab/Simulink simulation verify feasibility...

The real-time and accurate detection of harmonic currents is an important part active power filters. In this paper, the DC component method applied to a specific current three-phase circuit, which based on instantaneous reactive theory i <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">p</sub> -i xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">q</sub> method, use MATLBE simulation software establish corresponding circuits, then make study that...

Decentralized grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system with reactive power compensation has been gaining increasing attentions due to its outstanding performance. But traditional control strategies, unbalanced voltages caused by loads will greatly affect the performance and in severe case may even cause it shut down for overcurrent protection. This paper presents a novel fundamental current detection method an integrated strategy, which combines active generation compensation. The scheme...

A scenario-based optimal siting and sizing method of distributed generations (DGs) for the hybrid AC/DC distribution network considering solid state transformers (SSTs) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, an equivalent model multi-port SSTs was established power loss. Based on multi-scene DGs, sequential DC DGs devised through connected to low voltage port without any converter. Then, a bi-level planning constructed as candidate locations. The upper level optimized location capacity...

Based on semiclassical approach, the transport equations of chirped-pulse amplification are presented. Time-and spectral-domain evolution chirped pulse and effects self-phase modulation in multipass numerically analyzed. Theoretical results show that new frequency chirp induced by changes instantaneous affects quality amplified pulse. The study gain saturation regime shows linear input tends to suppress modulation.