The effect of short periods high temperature stress on the reproductive development and yield three Brassica species were studied in a growth chamber experiment conducted for 2 yr. Two genotypes from juncea L. one each B. napus rapa grown under day/night temperatures 20/15 °C till early flowering or pod development, subjected to 28/15 35/15 7 d then allowed recover at °C. Species differed optimum temperatures, with having higher than napus. Dry matter was unaffected by moderate stress, while...

Seed yield of Brassica crops in semiarid environments can be increased by minimizing the crops’ exposure to high temperature and water stress that often occurs during growing season. A growth chamber study was conducted determine effect short periods at different developmental stages on seed components crops. Two canola-quality juncea ‘PC98-44’ ‘PC98-45’, a napus canola ‘Quantum’, B. oriental mustard ‘Cutlass’ were grown under 20/18°C day/night temperatures with photoperiod 16/8 h...

Establishing a good canola (rapeseed; Brassica napus L.) stand is difficult in the semiarid prairie region of Canada where low temperature, water stress, and soil crusting could result poor seed bed conditions. A field study was conducted from 1999 to 2001 at Swift Current, SK, Canada, determine effect range uniform (5 80 plants m −2 ) nonuniform (seedlings 1‐m lengths two adjoining rows were removed retained alternatively; 10 40 plant populations on yield components canola. Canola adjusted...

Weather conditions in the southwestern United States are variable and influence crop growing periods with late spring early fall frosts which significantly impact cropping seasons. With development of new maize hybrids, grain yield, evapotranspiration, water use efficiency can be substantially impacted by planting density date. Thus, optimum plant date for maximum yield must determined local conditions. Field experiments were conducted at NMSU Agricultural Science Center Farmington to...

Healthy soils provide the foundation for sustainable agriculture. However, soil health degradation has been a significant challenge agricultural sustainability and environmental quality in water-limited environments, such as arid semi-arid regions. Soils these regions is often characterized by low organic matter (SOM), poor fertility, overall productivity, thus limiting ability to build SOM. Soil assessment frameworks developed more productive, humid, temperate environments typically...

Cutforth, H. W., Angadi, S. V., McConkey, B. G., Miller, P. R., Ulrich, D., Gulden, Volkmar, K. M., Entz, M. and Brandt, A. 2013. Comparing rooting characteristics soil water withdrawal patterns of wheat with alternative oilseed pulse crops grown in the semiarid Canadian prairie. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 147–160. To improve sustainability increase economic returns, producers prairie are diversifying their cropping systems to include such as pulses oilseeds rotation wheat. Producers must adopt...

Cropping systems that integrate cover crops into crop rotations, reduce tillage intensity and frequency, maintain residue have the potential to improve agricultural sustainability in drylands. However, there is much yet learn about benefits of sustainable dryland farming southern Great Plains (SGP). We reviewed literature on effects soil organic carbon (SOC), nitrogen, water conservation, yields cropping US (GP), analyzed opportunities challenges for integrating crop-fallow SGP. Majority...

Strategies promoting efficient water use and conserving irrigation are needed to attain security meet growing food demands. This meta-analysis study evaluated the effect of deficit (DI) strategy on eight vegetables provide a quantitative estimate yield productivity (WP) responses under variable soil textures, climates, production systems (open-field greenhouse). analyzed 425 388 WP comparisons different DI levels full (FI), extracted from 185 published studies representing 30 countries....

In semiarid climates, appropriate management of the previous crop stubble in combination with seeding method is important to improve growing conditions for subsequent crop. To determine effects standing various heights on microclimate and growth yield pulse crops, we seeded desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. “Cheston”), field pea (Pisum sativum “Grande”), lentil (Lens culinaris “Laird”) directly into cultivated, short (15 18 cm), tall (25 36 cm) spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stubble....

Dwarf sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars have agronomic and management benefits over conventional standard height cultivars. However, the effects of reduced plant stature on root systems water extraction characteristics are not known. Therefore, field trials were conducted at two locations in western Canada during 1994 1995 to compare system patterns dwarf hybrids [two Sunwheat hybrids: ‘Sunwheat‐101’ (SW‐101) ‘Sunwheat‐103’ (SW‐103)], open pollinated Sunola cultivars, ‘AC‐Aurora’...

Diversification and intensification of the cropping systems in traditional wheat-fallow area semiarid Canadian prairie is necessary to improve sustainability. Selection alternate crops include requires information on production risks with different climate regimes. To understand water use/yield relationships crops, three pulse (leguminous grain crops) [chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.) lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)], oilseed [canola (Brassica napus L. B. rapa mustard (B....

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain, flour, dough and bread quality characteristics are strongly influencedby growing-season weather conditions. Understanding the impact of genotype, environment, their interactions on Canadian wheat is important for Canada to maintain its high standard delivery consistent domestic international customers. The effects environment genotype by (G × E) interaction numerous bread-making were assessed. Western Red Spring (CWRS) cultivars AC Barrie, Superb, Elsa,...

Development of early maturing short stature sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars followed the success semi-dwarf cereals. Although a number breeding programs have recently released dwarf for production in western Canada, drought adaptability has not been studied. Therefore, field studies were conducted under rainfed conditions at two Manitoba locations during 1994 and 1995 to compare seasonal water relations 'Sunwheat-103' (SW-103), hybrid, 'AC-Aurora' (Aurora), open pollinated...

Guar is a drought and salt tolerant summer annual legume, which could be potential alternative crop in the semi-arid Southern High Plains. Increased use of guar gum oil industries has increased demand globally. Planting date effects on stand establishment, physiological parameters, yield formation genotypes were investigated at New Mexico State University's Agricultural Science Center Clovis, NM for two seasons (2014 2015). Four (HES 1123, Kinman, Lewis, Matador) tested under three planting...

ABSTRACT Intercropping legumes with nonlegume crops has shown benefits in improving dry matter (DM) yield, but additional information is needed when crop mixtures are ensiled. This study assessed the fermentation characteristics of forage corn silage ( Zea mays L.) (CS) and sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] (FS) mixed different proportions lablab bean Lablab purpureus Sweet] (LB). Corn, FS, LB were grown separate fields at two locations 2009. At each location, cut chopped separately...

Canola (Brassica napus L.) has potential to become alternative cash crop (healthy oil for human and meals animal uses) with tremendous rotational benefits in the Southwestern U.S., a region dominated by cereal-fallow cropping systems. However, information on optimum planting date its successful production is limited. Field experiments were conducted 2011-12 2012-13 seasons under irrigation condition study response of canola growth yield dates at Clovis, NM. Three (mid-September,...

Water stress is the most important environmental factor limiting crop yield in southern High Plains. Drought tolerant crops along with deficit irrigation strategies may be promising for sustainable agriculture region. The objective of this study was to assess water relations, photosynthesis, yield‐forming components, and spring safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.) cultivars under growth stage based management. A blocked split plot design used treatments (fully irrigated [FI], at vegetative...

Guar ( Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L.) is a drought‐tolerant summer annual legume that can be grown for forage, green pods, or seeds. Galactomannans use in various industries such as food, cosmetic, paper, and oil etc. has attracted the guar production seed. Currently, most of United States’ demand met through imports. Preliminary research shown potentially semiarid irrigated conditions southern New Mexico (NM). A 2‐yr field study was conducted from 2014–2015 to evaluate stand establishment,...