Evaluacion de los danos producidos por la cotorra pecho gris en cultivos del area metropolitana Barcelona En este trabajo evaluamos gris, Myiopsitta monachus , comerciales agricola Baix Llobregat (1.024 ha), adyacente a ciudad (Espana). promedio, las cotorras causaron perdidas orden 0,4% el tomate, 28% maiz, 9% ciruela claudia ovalada, 36% redonda, 37% pera, 17% caqui y 7% membrillo. Nuestro confirma forma objetiva que potenciales esta zona invadida son ya una realidad. La pasividad gestion...

Abstract The natural resource curse hypothesis predicts that windfalls can reduce the long run level of income per capita by crowding out manufacturing, slowing down accumulation human capital, damaging institutions and increasing inequality. This paper explores some central tenets literature exploiting variation in mineral resources Spain from 1860 to 1936. conclusions are that, contrary hypothesis, had a positive, sizeable effect on industrialisation 1920 they did not real wage growth...

This article looks at the causes of rural conflict in 1930s Spain. Rather than stressing bottom‐up forces mobilization linked to poor harvests and unemployment or inability state enforce reformist legislation, this explores role policy sorting out acute coordination collective action problems mobilizing labourers. is done by looking effects intervention on labour markets dry‐farming areas Spain (parts Castile Andalusia). Given difficulties constructing a conclusive test hypothesis, three...

Este artículo analiza los determinantes de las revueltas y protestas sociales a muy largo plazo. Dado altos costes la acción colectiva en sociedades autoritarias (la forma organización política más dominante lo historia), protesta solo tendió activarse coyunturas específicas asociadas con procesos deterioro institucional que, su vez, podían estar asociados subidas impuestos e inflación precios bienes esenciales. Así como el desarrollo ha eliminado crisis subsistencia, democracias...

We developed models for the analysis of recapture data 2678 serins ( Serinus serinus ) ringed in north-eastern Spain since 1985. investigated several time- and individual-specific factors as potential predictors overall mortality dispersal patterns, gender age differences these patterns. Time-specific covariates included minimum daily temperature, days below freezing, abundance a strong competitor, siskins Carduelis spinus during winter, maximum temperature rainfall summer. Individual body...

Behavioural flexibility may play a relevant role during invasion of new habitat. A typical example behavioural favouring success refers to changes in foraging behaviour. Here we provide data on the strategies monk parakeets Myiopsitta monachus over period 17 years (2001–2017) Barcelona city. During this time, consumption food ground increased by more than 25 % and anthropogenic 8 %. Detailed information about consumed is provided. Feeding low plants allow reach not only but also crops,...

Abstract In capture–recapture studies, productivity is usually estimated as the ratio of juveniles to adults trapped. However, because validity estimations relies on assumption that capture probabilities for and young does not vary over samples, use several trapping methods, with different associated each age, could lead erroneous inferences productivity. We investigated how methods can affect age sampled population. used captures 5377 Serins Serinus serinus trapped from April September in...

According to the "sexual selection hypothesis" (SSH), plumage conspicuousness has evolved through mate choice because it signals quality of bearer, and this is an honest signal involves a predation cost in terms increased detectability predators. Alternatively, according "unprofitable prey (UPH), aposematic indicating higher escape potential. We should expect animals with risk (either conspicuous or dull, depending on hypothesis) have antipredator behaviors compensate for their (i.e....

Abstract Determination of fitness differentials between individuals adopting different migratory and dispersal strategies is basic to understand the evolution migration. In E urasian siskin C arduelis spinus , both resident transient birds forage within same wintering area, providing rare opportunity compare their foraging behaviour in area habitat. The aim this study was test predictions associated hypothesized costs transience by studying vigilance wild siskins at three bird tables with...

Abstract This article studies the persistent effects of past agrarian inequality on contemporary voting preferences. Although Western European countries became industrial (and later post-industrial) economies, political cleavage are still visible in those which issue was dominant interwar period (the laggards). Looking at spatial variation patterns fifteen elections held Spain since 1977, we show through mediation analysis that areas with high historical have higher levels leftist vote. We...

We developed an extension of Cormack-Jolly-Seber models to handle a complex mark-recapture problem in which (a) the sex birds cannot be determined prior first moult, but can predicted on basis body measurements, and (b) significant portion captured appear transients (i.e. are once leave area or otherwise become 'untrappable'). applied this methodology data set 4184 serins (Serinus serinus) trapped northeastern Spain during 1985–96, order investigate age-, sex-, time-specific variation...

This paper studies the way workers and firms behaved in a highly cyclical sector such as Catalan cotton textile industry. Using firm level evidence from late nineteenth early twentieth centuries, shows that, spite of weak unionization lack regional or local collective bargaining institutions, piece rates spinning weaving were not subject to competitive rate cuts remained fixed over cycle. When facing negative demand shock, adjusted by reducing output, hours work, labour productivity,...

Abstract What drives institutional change? This paper analyses the roles of legal tradition, ideology, changes in relative prices, interest groups, and coalition formation by looking detail at passing labor law Spain from 1880 to 1936. In spite being a civil country, I show how political elites were reluctant intervene market until 1919. Factors stressed classic economy held sway with weak small coalitions for reform unable pass implement new regulations. The influence international debate...

Abstract This article studies the impact of insecure property rights on behaviour owners land before Spanish Civil War. The theoretical literature reform argues that legal threats to status quo determine agrarian organization, with selling and moving other asset classes or engaging in large‐scale substitution sharecroppers tenants wage labourers. study, which uses municipal data tenant evictions Catalonia 1934–5, does not find uncertainty over 1930s meant tried substitute labourers,...