A5062733050- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Geophysical Methods and Applications
- Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Magnetic and Electromagnetic Effects
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Space exploration and regulation
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Scientific Research and Discoveries
- Electromagnetic Simulation and Numerical Methods
- GNSS positioning and interference
- Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission
- Electric Power Systems and Control
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Geotechnical and Geomechanical Engineering
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Gas Dynamics and Kinetic Theory
Natural Resources Canada
2012-2023
Finnish Meteorological Institute
2009-2019
Geological Survey of Canada
1998-2009
Dominion Astrophysical Observatory
1998
In-Q-Tel
1998
Finnish Geospatial Research Institute
1998
Abstract This paper is the primary deliverable of very first NASA Living With a Star Institute Working Group, Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GIC) Group. The provides broad overview current status and future challenges pertaining to science, engineering, applications GIC problem. Science understood here as basic space Earth sciences research that allows improved understanding physics‐based modeling physical processes behind GIC. Engineering, in turn, “impact” aspect Applications are...
On 30 October 2003, an ongoing geomagnetic superstorm knocked down a part of the high‐voltage power transmission system in southern Sweden. The blackout lasted for hour and left about 50,000 customers without electricity. incident was probably most severe geomagnetically induced current (GIC) failure observed since well‐known March 1989 Québec blackout. “three‐phase” storm produced exceptionally large activity at Fennoscandian auroral region. Although diversity GIC drivers is addressed...
The electric field which is induced by geomagnetic storms drives currents in technological systems, such as power transmission grids, oil and gas pipelines, telecommunication cables, railway equipment. These geomagnetically (GIC) cause problems to the systems. In transformers may be saturated due GIC resulting harmful effects possibly even a collapse of whole system, occurred Quebec March 1989. Transformers also suffer from permanent damage. buried can enhance corrosion interfere with...
Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) in power systems can be attributed to problems ranging from transformer overheating, misoperation of protective relays, and voltage instability. The assessment the geomagnetic hazard requires accurate modeling GICs that are expected occur. However, date, there no publicly available test cases validate software programs used compute GIC. following paper presents a hypothetical network as case for validating results GIC software. contains many features...
Geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) are a ground end manifestation of space weather processes. During large geomagnetic storms, GICs flow between the grounding points power transformers and along electric transmission lines connecting transformers. In high‐latitude regions, damages to reported where storm time variations very rapid (>1000 nT), hence as or even greater than 100 A up flowing through windings At low latitudes, less severe, much smaller GIC values generally there....
Abstract. In this paper, we analyse in detail two famous space weather events; a railway problem on 13–14 July 1982 and power blackout 30 October 2003. Both occurred Sweden during very intensive storms each of them few years after the sunspot maximum. This paper provides description conditions Sun solar wind leading to GIC events ground. By applying modelling techniques introduced developed our previous also calculate horizontal geoelectric field at Earth's surface southern as well flowing...
Abstract Understanding the geomagnetic hazard to power systems requires ability model geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) produced in a network. This paper presents developments GIC modeling starting with an examination of fundamental questions about where driving force for is located. Then we outline two main network approaches that are mathematically equivalent and show example simple circuit. Accurate during real space weather events including appropriate system characteristics,...
With the operation of long transmission lines, unknown severe vibration and noise in transformers have sometimes been observed at Shanghe substation Ling'ao nuclear power plant China. This paper gives a comparison magnetic-storm recordings measured transformer neutral current data confirms that disturbances were caused by geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). On November 7 9, 2004, maximum GIC was 47.2 A 75.5 A, respectively, which are both larger than DC HVDC monopole operation. The...
The geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the Finnish natural gas pipeline have been measured at one site southern Finland since November 1998. We give an overview of this long and uniform time series covering sunspot maximum. also briefly discuss conventional magnetic activity indices K Ak , and, additionally, range field its derivative, as indicators GIC activity. data formed basis development a nowcasting service (GIC Now!), which was implemented within European Space Agency Weather...
Sweden has experienced many geomagnetically induced current (GIC) events in the past, which is obviously due to high‐latitude location of country. The largest GIC, almost 300 A, was measured southern earthing lead a 400 kV transformer neutral during magnetic storm on 6 April 2000. On 30 October 2003, city Malmö at coast suffered from power blackout caused by leaving 50,000 customers without electricity for about 20–50 min. We have developed model that enables calculation GIC Swedish grid....
Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) with large amplitudes have been found flowing in the Yang‐Huai power transmission system, Jiangsu, and at Ling'ao Nuclear Power Plant, Guangdong, China. In order to assess effects of GIC, it is necessary know level GIC grids. this paper, main purpose which introduce observations studies such a mid‐ low‐latitude country as China, authors calculate grids on basis simple Plane Wave Method present discrete algorithm according software has developed Earth...
The geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) produced in power systems during magnetic storms are a function of the electric-field amplitude and direction, characteristics system. This paper examines influence number system characteristics, which include resistances structures conductors; length transmission lines; number, type, transformers, substation grounding resistances, topology network. It is shown that GIC grows with increasing line but approaches an asymptotic constant value, more...
The EURISGIC project (European Risk from Geomagnetically Induced Currents) aims at deriving statistics of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the European high-voltage power grids. Such a continent-wide system more than 1500 substations and transmission lines requires updates previous modelling, which has dealt with national grids fairly small geographic areas. We present here how GIC modelling can be conveniently performed on spherical surface minor changes technique. derive exact...
Abstract. Assessing the geomagnetic hazard to power systems requires reliable modelling of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) produced in network. This paper compares Nodal Admittance Matrix method with Lehtinen–Pirjola and shows them be mathematically equivalent. GIC calculation using involves three steps: (1) voltage sources lines representing geoelectric field calculate equivalent current summing these obtain nodal sources, (2) performing inversion admittance matrix multiplying by...
Statistics of geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in the European high-voltage power grids based on 1-min geomagnetic recordings 1996–2008 and 1-D models ground conductivity have been derived EURISGIC project (European Risk from Geomagnetically Induced Currents). The simplified yet realistic grid model indicates that large GIC can occur anywhere Europe. However, variations are clearly larger North Europe, so it is likely region significant events. Additionally, there areas with especially...
The methods used to model geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) on power systems depend the nature of electric field as input. A uniform field, often simplify modelling, is shown have different properties from realistic nonuniform fields. Realistic fields which go zero at infinity can be uniquely represented by sum gradient a scalar potential and curl vector function. term conservative irrotational, while nonconservative solenoidal. In contrast, simply potential. These mathematical mean...
For studying the auroral electrojet and for examining effects it can produce in power systems on ground, is useful to be able calculate magnetic electric fields that produces at surface of Earth. Including currents induced Earth leads a set integral expressions, numerical computation which complicated demanding computer resources. An approximate solution achieved by representing an image current complex depth. We present simple derivation complex-image expressions use them produced earth...
Abstract. The method of spherical elementary current systems provides an accurate modelling the horizontal component geomagnetic variation field. interpolated magnetic field is used as input to calculate geoelectric We use planar layered (1-D) models Earth's conductivity, and assume that electric related local by plane wave surface impedance. There are locations in which conductivity structure can be approximated a 1-D model, demonstrated with measurements Baltic Electromagnetic Array...