Presently, very few compounds of commercial interest are directly accessible from carbohydrates by using nonfermentive approaches. We describe here a catalytic process for the direct formation methyl lactate common sugars. Lewis acidic zeotypes, such as Sn-Beta, catalyze conversion mono- and disaccharides that dissolved in methanol to at 160 degrees C. With sucrose substrate, yield reaches 68%, heterogeneous catalyst can be easily recovered filtration reused multiple times after calcination...

From petroleum to bioleum: Since biomass is a limited resource, it necessary consider its best use. The production of select chemicals from biomass, rather than use as fuel, could effectively replace the in chemical industry, but inherent functionality must be exploited (see picture). Detailed facts importance specialist readers are published ”Supporting Information”. Such documents peer-reviewed, not copy-edited or typeset. They made available submitted by authors. Please note: publisher...

Heterogeneous catalysts have been a central element in the efficient conversion of fossil resources to fuels and chemicals, but their role biomass utilization is more ambiguous. Zeolites constitute promising class heterogeneous developments recent years demonstrated potential find broad use biomass. In this perspective we review discuss that taken place field using zeolites. Emphasis put on lignocellulosic material conventional zeolites as well sugars Lewis acidic produce useful chemicals.

The possibilities for establishing a renewable chemicals industry featuring resources as the dominant feedstock rather than fossil are discussed in this Concept. Such use of biomass can potentially be interesting from both an economical and ecological perspective. Simple educational tools introduced to allow initial estimates which chemical processes could viable. Specifically, renewables value chains used indicate where feedstocks optimally valorized. Additionally, C factors that specify...

Aerobic exercise: The biomass-derived platform chemicals furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are readily oxidized in methanol the presence of oxygen a supported gold nanoparticle catalyst to afford corresponding methyl esters (see scheme). Thus, was furoate under very mild conditions, HMF converted into furan-2,5-dimethylcarboxylate (FDMC), potential polymer building block, with high yields.

Zeozymes: Sn-Beta zeolite is found to be a highly active catalyst for the conversion of triose sugars. If solvent water, isomerization sugars takes place form lactic acid in 90 % yield at 125 °C. methanol used as solvent, an overall isomerization–esterification reaction and methyl lactate formed quantitative yields 80 This represents one most selective zeolite-catalyzed biomass transformation reactions. Detailed facts importance specialist readers are published "Supporting Information". Such...

This review is aimed to be a brief tutorial covering the deactivation of solid catalysts in liquid phase, with specific focus on leaching, which can especially helpful researchers not familiarized catalytic processes phase.

Conversions of various pentoses and hexoses into methyl lactate has been demonstrated for the Sn-Beta catalyst. It is found that are converted to in slightly lower yields (∼40%) than what obtained (∼50%), but higher glycolaldehyde dimethyl acetal observed pentoses. This finding accordance a reaction pathway involves retro aldol condensation sugars form triose pentoses, two trioses hexoses. When reacting (formally C2-sugar) presence Sn-Beta, occurs, leading formation lactate, vinylglycolate...

Abstract The synthesis of buta‐1,3‐diene from ethanol has been studied over metal‐containing (M=Ag, Cu, Ni) oxide catalysts (MO x =MgO, ZrO 2 , Nb O 5 TiO Al 3 ) supported on silica. Kinetic study a wide range conversions (2–90 %) allowed the main reaction pathways leading to butadiene and byproducts be determined. key steps were found involve dehydrogenation, acetaldehyde condensation, reduction crotonaldehyde with into crotyl alcohol. Catalyst design included selection active components...

The selective conversion of biomass-derived substrates is one the major challenges facing chemical industry. Recently, stannosilicates have been employed as highly active and Lewis acid catalysts for a number industrially relevant reactions. In present work, four different investigated: Sn-BEA, Sn-MFI, Sn-MCM-41 Sn-SBA-15. When comparing properties tin sites in structures, substantial differences are observed. Sn-beta displays highest strength, measured by probe molecule studies using...

A new, green protocol for producing simple esters by selectively oxidizing an aldehyde dissolved in a primary alcohol has been established, utilising air as the oxidant and supported gold nanoparticles catalyst. The oxidative esterifications proceed with excellent selectivities at ambient conditions; reactions can be performed open flask room temperature. Benzaldehyde is even oxidised reasonable rate below −70 °C. Acrolein to methyl acrylate high yield using same protocol.

This study focuses on increasing the selectivity to methyl lactate from sugars using stannosilicates as heterogeneous catalyst. All group I ions are found have a promoting effect resulting yield. Besides, alkali can be added both during preparation of catalyst or directly solvent mixture achieve highest reported yield (ca. 75 %) sucrose at 170 °C in methanol. The beneficial adding reaction media applies not only highly defect-free Sn-Beta prepared through fluoride route, but also materials...

The synthesis of butadiene-1,3 from ethanol over silver doped (1 wt%) Zr-containing molecular sieves ZrBEA, ZrMCM-41 and ZrO₂ supported on silica has been studied.

During synthesis of Sn-Beta, tin affects the crystallization rate, morphology and is incorporated in an outer shell crystal.

Abstract Solid acid catalysts were studied at temperatures near 523 K for the production of benzene, toluene, and p ‐xylene by reaction ethylene with furan, 2‐methylfuran, 2,5‐dimethylfuran, respectively, through combination cycloaddition dehydrative aromatization reactions. Catalysts containing Brønsted Lewis sites (i.e., WO x –ZrO 2 , niobic acid, zeolite Y, silica–alumina) more active than predominantly (γ‐Al O 3 TiO ), which indicates importance acidity in aromatics. Microporosity is not...

Abstract A silica‐supported Ag catalyst has been shown to be an efficient heterogeneous for the oxidant‐free dehydrogenation of ethanol into acetaldehyde. The reaction mechanism investigated by in situ FTIR spectroscopy. kinetic isotope effects proton and hydride abstraction have studied using CH 3 CD 2 OH OD as labeled reactants. results indicate that OH bond activation formation a hydrogen‐bonded complex take place on silica support particles are necessary CH bond. effect ( k H / D ) is...

An efficient strategy was developed for achieving high-quality cellulose and lignin simultaneously from woody biomass using solvent thermal treatment.

Over the past decades it has become clear that supported gold nanoparticles are surprisingly active and selective catalysts for several green oxidation reactions of oxygen-containing hydrocarbons using molecular oxygen as stoichiometric oxidant. We here report bifunctional gold–titania can be employed to facilitate amines into amides with high selectivity. Furthermore, we pure titania is in fact itself a catalyst under very mild conditions. demonstrate these new methodologies open up two...

Aerobic oxidation of glycerol over metal oxide supported gold nanoparticles in methanol results the formation dimethyl mesoxalate selectivities up to 89% at full conversion. The oxidative esterification takes place methanol, acting both as solvent and reactant, presence base. Thus, it constitutes a direct transformation by-product phase from biodiesel production or obtained e.g. by fermentation. Au/TiO2 Au/Fe2O3 was found have similar catalytic activity, whereas Au/C inactive....

Von Erdöl zu Bioöl: Biomasse ist ein begrenzter Rohstoff, der vernünftig eingesetzt und nicht in erster Linie als Brennstoff verwendet werden sollte. Würden aus ihm ausgewählte Chemikalien hergestellt, ließe sich das chemischen Industrie leicht ersetzen, sofern die inhärente Funktionalität geschickt genutzt würde (siehe Bild).