A5032895071- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Climate variability and models
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Astronomical Observations and Instrumentation
- Marine and fisheries research
- History and Developments in Astronomy
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Marine animal studies overview
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Astro and Planetary Science
University of Washington
2016-2025
University of the District of Columbia
2021
Seattle University
2002-2020
University of Hawaii System
1986-2010
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
1990-2010
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
1990-2006
NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory
2002
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
2002
University of Colorado Boulder
1998
Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin
1975-1979
Oxygen (O(2)) is a critical constraint on marine ecosystems. As oceanic O(2) falls to hypoxic concentrations, habitability for aerobic organisms decreases rapidly. We show that the spatial extent of hypoxia highly sensitive small changes in ocean's content, with maximum responses at suboxic concentrations where anaerobic metabolisms predominate. In model-based reconstructions historical oxygen changes, world's largest zone, Pacific Ocean, varies size by factor 2. This attributable...
view Abstract Citations (442) References (29) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Coma/A1367 supercluster and its environs. Gregory, S. A. ; Thompson, L. Redshifts for a total sample of 238 galaxies to limiting magnitude 15.0 are used study the three-dimensional distribution in region sky ranging from approximately 11.5 h 13.3 right ascension between declinations about 19 32 deg, within which lie two rich clusters Coma A1367. results obtained...
After nearly three decades of observed increasing trends Antarctic sea ice extent, in September-October-November 2016, there was a dramatic decrease. Here we document factors that contributed to An atmosphere-only model with specified positive convective heating anomaly the eastern Indian/western Pacific Ocean, representing record precipitation anomalies produces an anomalous atmospheric Rossby wave response mid- and high latitude surface wind contribute decrease extent. The sustained...
Abstract The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) represents the zonally integrated stream function of volume transport in Basin. AMOC plays an important role transporting heat meridionally climate system. Observations suggest a by 1.3 PW at 26°N—a latitude which is close to where northward thought reach its maximum. This shapes North region as we know it today. In recent years there has been significant progress both our ability observe nature and simulate numerical models....
Abstract Mercury (Hg) is a global and persistent contaminant, affecting human health primarily via marine fish consumption. Large anthropogenic releases of Hg to the atmosphere by mining coal combustion have resulted in significant perturbation biogeochemical cycling Hg. The magnitude this relative roles ocean land as sinks for remain unclear. Here we use 3‐D model show that surface concentrations increased fourfold over last 600 years. We find enters ocean's interior predominantly...
Abstract The reappearance of a northeast Pacific marine heatwave (MHW) sounded alarms in late summer 2019 for warming event on par with the 2013–2016 MHW known as Blob. Despite these two events having similar magnitudes surface warming, differences seasonality and salinity distinguish their evolutions. We compare contrast ocean's role evolution persistence 2019–2020 MHWs using mapped temperature data from Argo floats. An unusual near‐surface freshwater anomaly Gulf Alaska during increased...
Marine heatwaves (MHWs), episodic periods of abnormally high sea surface temperature (SST), severely affect marine ecosystems. Large Ecosystems (LMEs) cover ~22% the global ocean but account for 95% fisheries catches. Yet how climate change affects MHWs over LMEs remains unknown, because such are confined to coast where low-resolution models known have biases. Here, using a high-resolution Earth system model and applying "future threshold" that considers as anomalous warming above long-term...
The northern portion of Washington’s outer coast—known locally as the Olympic coast—is a dynamic region characterized by seasonal upwelling that predominates during summer interrupted occasional periods downwelling. We examined spring-to-fall water temperature records collected along this coast from 2001–2015 April to October at four nearshore locations (Cape Elizabeth Makah Bay) span one degree latitude and are located within 15 km shore. When compared against long-term climatology created...
The Gulf Stream region is a primary location for midlatitude storm cyclogenesis and growth. However, the influence of sea surface temperature (SST) on storms in still under question, particularly after has developed. Using Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model, that intensified as it transited northward across simulated multiple times using different SST boundary conditions. These experiments test response to changes both absolute value meridional gradient. Across simulations, strength...
view Abstract Citations (196) References (37) Co-Reads Similar Papers Volume Content Graphics Metrics Export Citation NASA/ADS The Perseus supercluster. Gregory, S. A. ; Thompson, L. Tifft, W. G. Results are presented of a redshift survey galaxies with photographic magnitudes less than or equal to 14.0 located between 0 h 15 min and 3 20 RA 26 45 deg dec, the region identified New redshifts reported for 116 galaxies, combined literature data obtain values total 141 in region. Morphological...
Abstract We implement mercury (Hg) biogeochemistry in the offline global 3‐D ocean tracer model (OFFTRAC) to investigate natural Hg cycle, prior any anthropogenic input. The simulation includes three tracers: dissolved elemental (Hg 0 aq ), divalent II and particle‐bound P ). Our parameterization takes into account redox chemistry waters, air‐sea exchange of , scavenging onto sinking particles, resupply at depth by remineralization particles. Atmospheric boundary conditions are provided a...
Environmental determinists predict that people move away from places experiencing frequent weather hazards, yet some of these areas have rapidly growing populations. This analysis examines the relationship between events and population change in all U.S. counties experienced hurricanes tropical storms 1980 2012. Our database allows for more generalizable conclusions by accounting heterogeneity current past hurricane losses trends. We find affect future growth only with growing, high-density...
Ocean boundary current systems are key components of the climate system, home to highly productive ecosystems, and have numerous societal impacts. Establishment a global network observing is critical part ongoing development Global Observing System. The characteristics reviewed, focusing on scientific motivations for sustained observing. Techniques currently used observe followed by census state globally. Next steps in considered, leading several specific recommendations.
We investigate the temporal variability of oxygen in upper water column North Pacific using a hindcast ocean model. The model embeds simple biogeochemical cycles nutrients and O 2 within an isopycnal circulation that is forced at surface by historical atmospheric conditions. resulting spatially temporally complex, but includes large‐scale decreases between 1980s 1990s subpolar region, simultaneous increases subtropics. These simulated changes are similar pattern to those observed along...
Oxygen gas dissolved in seawater has been studied as a tracer of physical and biological processes the ocean for nearly half century. Analysis historical oxygen data revealed widespread changes subsurface concentrations over past few decades, providing important constraints on impact late 20th century climate change circulation productivity ocean. We report results from hind cast circulation/biogeochemical model that reproduces spatial patterns observed O 2 variability North Pacific, where...
The use of adaptive optical systems using electrically deformable mirrors to compensate for turbulence effects is discussed. Since these require bright reference sources adjacent the object interest and can be used only observe brightest stars, artificial guide stars suitable controlling an imaging system must created in upper atmosphere by a laser excite either Rayleigh backscattering stratosphere or resonance mesospheric sodium layer. design requirements laser-guided telescope, as well...
The effect of ocean surface currents on bulk algorithm calculations wind stress and heat flux in a 1/5° resolution model the North Pacific is investigated. Two year‐long runs are performed, one with speed modified by velocities without. Basin averaged differences between models were only 1–2%, but localized reductions ∼10% found tropics Kuroshio current system. average power input to general circulation was reduced 27% when included. Tropical 10%, tropical temperature warmed 0.1°C,...
Attempts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions or manage the effects of climate change traditionally focus on management policy options that promote single outcomes (e.g., either benefiting ecosystems human health and well-being). In contrast, co-benefits approaches mitigation adaptation address impacts ecological in tandem a variety spatial temporal scales. The article engages concept through four case studies. studies emphasize are accessible tractable countries with populations...
Abstract Ocean heat transport (OHT) plays a key role in climate and its variability. Here, we identify modes of low-frequency North Atlantic OHT variability by applying component analysis (LFCA) to output from three global models. The first (LFC), computed using this method, is an index that maximizes the ratio variance (occurring at decadal longer timescales) total variance. Lead-lag regressions atmospheric ocean variables onto LFC timeseries illuminate dominant mechanisms controlling...
West Antarctic outlet glaciers are in a stage of rapid retreat, modulated by wind-driven exposure to warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW). Retreat likely began the mid-20th century, and is often attributed increased CDW volume near ice shelves forced strengthening westerly winds over continental shelf break. This wind trend feature some historical climate simulations but not supported proxy observations. Here, we present an ensemble regional ocean proxy-constrained reconstructions, show that...