Single-phase voltage source transformerless inverters have been developed for many years and successful commercial applications in the distributed photovoltaic (PV) grid-connected systems. Moreover, advanced industrial topologies recent innovations published last few years. The objective of this paper is to classify review these contributions establish present state art trends inverters. This can provide a comprehensive insightful overview technology. First, generation mechanism leakage...

To eliminate the common-mode leakage current in transformerless photovoltaic grid-connected system, an improved single-phase inverter topology is presented. The can sustain same low input voltage as full-bridge and guarantee to completely meet condition of eliminating current. Both unipolar sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation (SPWM) well double-frequency SPWM control strategy be applied implement three-level output presented inverter. high efficiency convenient thermal design are achieved...

Abstract The practical applications of Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) are challenged by their safety concerns when using liquid electrolytes (LEs). Solid‐state gel polymer (GPEs) can address this challenge and have drawn increased attention recently. Normally, GPEs prepared separately then assembled into cells, which undoubtedly result in dissatisfactory solid/solid interfacial compatibility low ionic conductivity. Fortunately, situ proposed to the above challenges simplify preparation process....

FeS₂ nanosheets encapsulated in porous carbon layers were prepared by a facile method, which exhibited excellent performance of Na storage.

Nowadays, the transformerless inverters have become a widespread trend in single-phase grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems because of low cost and high efficiency concerns. Unfortunately, due to non-galvanic isolation configuration, ground leakage current would appear through PV parasitic capacitance into ground, which induces physical danger serious EMI problems. A novel inverter with two unipolar SPWM control strategies is proposed this paper. The can guarantee no reliability by...

Destructive tsunamis are often triggered by shallow coseismic ruptures in subduction zones, making the rapid determination of rupture depth crucial for issuing timely tsunami warnings and mitigating associated hazards. To address this challenge, we propose a deep learning framework classification (shallow or deep) based on high-rate GNSS data.Using Alaska zone as case study, generated nearly 10,000 synthetic earthquake scenarios to overcome scarcity real-world megathrust records. From these...

While geodetic observations are now commonly used to retrieve terrestrial water storage changes at regional or watershed scales, their application the local scale, such as individual lakes, remains limited due spatial resolution constraints and lack of onsite observations, especially in remote areas. This study investigated deformation field Qinghai Lake, China from January 2016 December 2022 by integrating data five Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations Interferometric...

The transformerless inverters with leakage current suppression have become an urgent application tendency in grid-connected photovoltaic systems because of low cost and high efficiency concerns. In this study, the half-bridge module neutral point clamping (NPC) are combined to derive advanced hybrid-bridge inverter, which not only suppresses current, but also reduces required bus voltage compared conventional or NPC inverters. A sinusoidal pulse-width modulation strategy without dead time is...

Leakage current is a critical issue in transformerless PV systems, which creates safety and EMI problems. The traditional full-bridge inverter using unipolar sinusoidal pulse-width modulation suffers from high-frequency leakage currents. To solve the problem, this paper proposes singlephase for generation systems. proposed topology significantly reduces by AC-decoupling common-mode voltage clamping. Additionally, high efficiency achieved because of low conducting losses compared with...

A convenient and simple method for the synthesis of dibenzyl diselenides under phase transfer conditions is described. The process involves reaction selenium with sodium hydroxide at 65–70 °C to give diselenides, which reacts benzyl halides afford in good excellent isolated yields. mechanism briefly discussed.

Abstract A convenient reaction of alkyl halides with sulfur in alkaline medium has been found to afford disulfides good excellent isolated yield under phase transfer conditions.

Abstract A simple and general method for the synthesis of diacyl disulfides is reported. Sulfur allowed to react with sodium hydroxide give disulfide at 65°C under PTC, which can acyl halides afford in good excellent isolated yields. The effects solvents phase transfer catalysts are discussed.

Abstract Using CO(PPha)Cl2 as catalyst, the carbonylation of benzyl halide with CO (1 atm) in a binary system (aq.NaOH/CsHs presence tetrabutylammonium bromide phase transfer catalyst for 10 h gives corresponding carboxylic acid good to excellent yields. The effects and reaction temperature on reactions have been investigated. mechanism is briefly discussed.

With the favorable merit of handling only a fraction system power, partial power processing (PPP) converter gains increasing attention in engineering application with high requirement on density and efficiency. However, most studies focus PPP two-port dc-dc converters, while how to derive multi-port converters is still kept unclear. Hence, this paper aims explore principle consequently, family viable configurations derived. In order achieve better understanding, three-port three isolated...

SUMMARY Rapid and accurate characterization of earthquake sources is crucial for mitigating seismic hazards. In this study, based on 18 000 scenario ruptures ranging from Mw 6.4 to 8.3 corresponding synthetic high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System (HR-GNSS) waveforms, we developed a multibranch neural network framework, the continental large agile response (CLEAR), simultaneously determine magnitude slip distributions. We apply CLEAR recent strike-slip events, including 2021 7.4 Maduo...