Abstract Different substances from the natural origin which have beneficial effects on plant growth and development, stress resistance, crop yield quality can be called biostimulants or biostimulators. Their physiological depend their composition as they contain various organic mineral compounds plants use metabolites, regulators, nutrients; however, cannot considered biofertilizers. Biostimulants applied in production been widely an environment‐friendly agricultural practice—and so are now...

Abstract Plants must cope with different environmental stresses during their whole lifetime. Abiotic like drought, salt, mineral nutrition disturbances and temperature stress are commonly interconnected through some physiological events in stressed plants, such as the synthesis of protective plant compounds a response to stress. Many these, produced within primary or secondary metabolism, act functional not exclusively plants but other organisms well. Concurrently, many active biostimulants...

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has recently been reported to be a signaling molecule in plants. It well established that is such roles animals and it suggested included into the group of gasotransmitters. We have shown hydrogen causes stomatal opening model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. H2S can supplied tissues from donors as sodium hydrosulfide (NaSH) or more slow release donor molecules GYY4137. Both give similar effects, is, they cause opening. Furthermore both reduced accumulation nitric oxide...

Abstract Plants are the first step of a metal's pathway from soil to heterotrophic organisms such as animals and humans, so content metallic trace elements in edible parts plant represent available load these metals that may enter food chain through plants. Among metal elements, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn micronutrients they essential amounts for physiological processes living therefore significant component soil–plant–food continuum. Billions people around world suffer micronutrient malnutrition. This...

The free proline content in maize ear-leaves, silk and pollen were analyzed field grown plants which had matured to the pollination stage. Using hybrids PR34F02, PR35P12 PR36B08 trials set up at two locations eastern Croatia different years. Two enzymes of metabolism same leaf samples specific activities synthetase (P5CS) dehydrogenase (PDH). Plant productivity was evaluated harvest by estimation total fully developed grain number per ear plant, mean single mass, mass plant. year a very...

A field trial with the application of 3 rates (0, 5, and 20 t ha^{-1}) hydratized calcite (73% CaO + 2%-3% MgO 21% H_2O) was set up in spring 2006. The experiment area had plots 630 m2. Each plot divided into 4 subplots for replications. Over next 2 years, residual effects liming on plant yield nutrient uptake were investigated using maize hybrid OsSK499 2006 2007 soybean variety Ika 2008. ear leaves at flowering (mid-July 2007) analyzed P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Mo, B concentrations...

Climate change poses a serious threat to agricultural production. Water deficit in soils is one of the consequences climate that has negative impact on crop growth and yield. Selenium (Se) known be involved plant defense against biotic abiotic stress through metabolic, structural, physiological activity higher plants. The aim this study was investigate response Se-biofortified soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seedlings under osmotic stress. For research, we used biofortified grain obtained...

Abstract Several relatively reactive compounds exist that are considered to play major roles in plant cell signalling. These include oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide (NO). Until recently, sulphide (H 2 S) has commonly been thought of a phytotoxin, but growing body evidence now points the fact H S may also have signalling role it should be ranked an important signal alongside NO ROS. At high concentrations, will inhibit enzymes cytochrome oxidase. However, at...

Abstract Sunflower seeds (hybrid Luka) were primed with water (hydropriming) or sodium hydrosulphide (NaHS) solutions (0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM NaHS) subsequently dried to initial moisture content. Unprimed (control) germinated in a growth chamber on paper towels moistened polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (2.5, 5.0 10%), mimicking different drought stress levels. To evaluate the response of germination stage, energy (GE), rate (SG), seedling fresh mass (SW), hydrogen peroxide free proline...

The influence of foliar magnesium (Mg) application before flowering on chloroplast pigment indices was investigated in a 2‐year field experiment with five soybean cultivars. Acetone extraction pigments (chlorophyll and b, total chlorophylls, carotenoids as well their ratios) compared to chlorophyll meter (SPAD‐502) readings. untreated plants showed significant cultivar concentrations, ratios were year‐dependant. Foliar fertilization Mg influenced concentration mostly the year 2004, not...

The usage of biologically active and environmentally friendly compounds has increasingly important role in the primary food production. This study was conducted order to examine impact five commercial plant extracts on seed vigour garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.). applied significantly increased germination. highest fresh weight seedlings, also lowest dry matter accumulation were observed treatment KE- plantasalva® without sea salt addition. Equisetum extract inhibited root elongation...

In orchards, high temperature and light stress are the most common abiotic stresses, which negatively affect fruit yield quality. this study, physiological response of apple (Malus × domestica Borkh) cultivars to combination increased excess light, causes disorder photosynthesis, was investigated. The PSII functionality regulatory mechanisms in leaves two field, under elevated at midday, were evaluated. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) fluorescence transient recorded using Plant efficiency analyzer...

Abstract Introduction – A method which is widely accepted for the analysis of free proline content in plant tissues based on use 3% sulfosalicylic acid as an extractant, followed by spectrophotometric quantification a proline–ninhydrin complex toluene. However, sample preparation and storage may influence actually measured. This give misleading or difficult to compare data. Objective Methodology To evaluate levels fresh frozen strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) leaves soybean [ Glycine...

Abstract Leaf removal (LR) treatments improve the photosynthetic capacity of remaining leaves and induce flavonoid synthesis as a stress response in common grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.). However, excessive exposure grape berries to UV‐B radiation result cultural practices Mediterranean climate may have negative effects on berry composition. This 2‐year study determined defoliation autochthonous red variety ‘Babica’ (wine‐growing region Dalmatia, Croatia). Six were removed before flowering...

Abstract The purpose of this article was to compare soil phosphorus (P) extraction by sodium bicarbonate solution (Olsen P) and ammonium lactate (AL create a model for prediction Olsen P using ordinary soil‐fertility control data. soils data used in study included P, pHKCl, pHH2O, organic matter, AL K. Soil pHKCl ranged from 3.5 8, matter up 5%, K 400 mg kg−1, 200 kg−1. were significantly correlated, the difference between them influenced pH. Regression models all grouped pH range, which...

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence an imbibition during bulk seed conductivity test on maize germinability and establish relations among (Zea mays L.) other vigour parameters in different germination conditions. Large medium size ten hybrids harvested two subsequent years were tested by standard (SG), cold (CT) electrical (EC), as well after EC evaluation. effects size, age, hybrid their interactions strongly expressed majority analysed seedling parameters. Mean...