Micropollutants in wastewater present environmental and human health challenges. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) can effectively remove organic micropollutants, but PAC production is energy intensive expensive. Biochar adsorbents cost less sequester carbon; however, net benefits depend on biochar conditions treatment capabilities. Here, life cycle assessment was used to compare 10 impacts from the use of wood biochar, biosolids coal-derived sulfamethoxazole wastewater. Moderate capacity had...

This work investigated degradation (measured by qPCR) and biological deactivation culture-based natural transformation) of extra- intracellular antibiotic resistance genes (eARGs iARGs) free available chlorine (FAC), NH2Cl, O3, ClO2, UV light (254 nm), eARGs •OH, using a chromosomal ARG ( blt) multidrug-resistant Bacillus subtilis 1A189. Rate constants for four 266-1017 bp amplicons adjacent to or encompassing the acfA mutation enabling blt overexpression increased in proportion #AT+GC...

Reactions of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with photochemically generated reactive halogen species (RHS) may represent an important natural source organohalogens within surface seawaters. However, investigation such processes has been limited by difficulties in quantifying low organohalogen concentrations the presence background inorganic halides. In this work, sequential solid phase extraction (SPE) and silver-form cation exchange filtration were utilized to desalt preconcentrate seawater...

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) negatively impacts granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption of micropollutants and is a disinfection byproduct precursor. DOM from surface waters, wastewater effluent, 1 kDa size fractions were adsorbed by GAC characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-absorption, exclusion chromatography (SEC). Fluorescing was preferentially relative to UV-absorbing DOM. Humic-like (peaks A C) selectively polyphenol-like T B) potentially due effects. In the waters...

Cyclohexanol, phenol, benzoic acid, and phenanthrene fractional removal (italicized words are defined within the main text) by pulverized granular activated carbon biochar adsorption in deionized water stormwater was independent of target-adsorbate initial concentrations (C0) when C0s were below concentration thresholds. This permits a simple-modeling approach. C0-independent at low-target-adsorbate potentially suggests that DOM induce competitive effect causes deviations from Freundlich...

This study demonstrates that the ideal adsorbed solution theory–equivalent background compound (IAST–EBC) as a stand-alone model can simulate and predict powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption of organic micropollutants found in drinking water sources presence dissolved matter (DOM) under nonequilibrium conditions. The IAST–EBC represents DOM competitive effect an equivalent (EBC). When adsorbing 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) with PAC, EBC initial concentration was similar percentage, on...

A simple semi-oxic heat treatment is shown to effectively (i) regenerate and (ii) enhance organic contaminant adsorption capacity when applied fouled fresh biochar.

A variety of natural and anthropogenic contaminants can compromise the safety esthetics surface water collected for drinking disinfected using chlorine by households in developing communities. While household chlorination is effective against most microbial pathogens, many users find taste odor unacceptable revert to untreated water. Moreover, reactions between dissolved organic matter form harmful disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes (THMs). Char adsorbers have been used...

Abstract Bromide can promote monochloramine decomposition and disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. Monochloramine total chlorine stability as well trihalomethane haloacetic acid formation were examined in groundwater with high bromide levels (300–1700 μg/L) following or KMnO₄ preoxidation. An N,N‐Diethyl‐p‐phenylenediamine (DPD)‐based method detected chloramines brominated amines (e.g., NH 2 Br, NHBrCl). indophenol‐based showed minimal interference from amines. Differences between these...

Recent interest has arisen in the use of biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for control organic micropollutants water. However, compared with activated carbon (AC), adsorption capacity is typically one to two orders magnitude lower. This study reports batch mode anionic (2,4-D, C0 100 μg/L) and neutral (simazine [SZN], 1.5 herbicides from surface water containing dissolved matter at 4 mg/L total concentration. Enhanced was observed by biochars generated updraft gasifiers under conditions...

Biologically acclimated sand and granular activated carbon (GAC) filter performance for trace organic contaminant control is compared under variable water quality operational conditions.

The best available technologies for hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] treatment can be cost prohibitive and operationally complex. Direct stannous [Sn(II)] chloride application to reduce Cr(VI) trivalent is an alternative approach that could substantially decrease costs. A full‐scale demonstration was conducted at the Coachella Valley Water District investigate ability of Sn(II) in a chlorinated groundwater system. An average dose 0.5 mg‐Sn/L, which corresponds ~7.3 times stoichiometric ratio...

Transforming the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) into biochar to reduce fugitive landfill emissions and control micropollutants (OMP) during leachate treatment could provide a new circular economy organics diversion approach.

Corrosion of piping and solder can be a primary source lead contamination in drinking water. To minimize the problem, water utilities implement variety corrosion control treatments, including pH alkalinity adjustment, inhibitors, other approaches.

Abstract Rapid small‐scale column tests (RSSCTs) have been developed for simulating the removal of organic micro‐pollutants (OMPs) in full‐scale fixed‐bed carbon adsorbers to reduce time, materials, and labor costs. However, when dissolved matter (DOM) is present, OMP breakthrough profiles obtained from RSSCTs often do not match those at because DOM fouling scales differently than adsorption different‐sized adsorbent particles. To overcome this limitation, single multiple linear regression...