Netflix is the leading provider of on-demand Internet video streaming in US and Canada, accounting for 29.7% peak downstream traffic US. Understanding architecture its performance can shed light on how to best optimize design as well similar services. In this paper, we perform a measurement study uncover service strategy. We find that employs blend data centers Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) content distribution. also active measurements three CDNs employed by quantify delivery bandwidth...

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) is a novel networking paradigm centered around content distribution rather than host-to-host connectivity. This change from host-centric to content-centric has several attractive advantages, such as network load reduction, low dissemination latency, and energy efficiency. However, it unclear whether today's technology ready for the CCN (r)evolution. The major contribution of this paper systematic evaluation suitability existing software hardware components in...

We propose Push-to-Peer, a peer-to-peer system to cooperatively stream video. The main departure from previous work is that content proactively pushed peers, and persistently stored before the actual transfers. initial placement increases availability improves use of peer uplink bandwidth. Our specific contributions are: (i) associated pull policies allow optimal bandwidth; (ii) performance analysis such in controlled environments as DSL networks under ISP control; (iii) distributed load...

Netflix and Hulu are leading Over-the-Top (OTT) content service providers in the US Canada. alone accounts for 29.7% of peak downstream traffic 2011. Understanding system architectures performance can shed light on design such large-scale video streaming platforms, help improving future systems. In this paper, we perform extensive measurement study to uncover their strategies. bear many similarities. Both platforms rely heavily third-party infrastructures, with migrating that majority its...

A significant fraction of Internet traffic is now encrypted and HTTPS will likely be the default in HTTP/2. However, Transport Layer Security (TLS), standard protocol for encryption Internet, assumes that all functionality resides at endpoints, making it impossible to use in-network services optimize network resource usage, improve user experience, protect clients servers from security threats. Re-introducing into TLS sessions today done through hacks, often weakening overall security.

Social virtual reality (VR) has the potential to gradually replace traditional online social media, thanks recent advances in consumer-grade VR devices and technology itself. As vital foundation for building Metaverse, been extensively examined by computer graphics HCI communities. However, there little systematic study dissecting network performance of VR, other than hype industry. To fill this critical gap, we conduct an in-depth measurement five popular platforms: AltspaceVR, Horizon...

Consider a network of prosumers media content in which users dynamically create and request objects. The process is governed by the objects' popularity varies across regions over time. In order to meet user requests, objects can be stored transported network, characterized capacity energy efficiency storage transport resources. efficient dynamic in-network caching problem aims at finding evolution configuration, terms being cached each element any given time, that meets satisfies resource...

Content-centric networking focuses on data delivery rather than end-to-end reachability by decoupling resources from the hosts they reside on. We consider content-centric as a fundamental driver for mobile ad hoc network (MANET) protocol design. systematically evaluate suitability and effectiveness of existing approaches toward designing MANET. leverage extensive prior work both resource discovery routing. To examine compare various designs, we identify set representative design...

Content-Centric Networking (CCN) and Service-Centric Networking(SCN) are two novel paradigms that seek to change the way content services perceived. CCN is centered around distribution, while SCN focuses on dynamic customization of in-network services. We present SoCCeR--Services over Routing.

Tremendous effort has gone into the ongoing battle to make webpages load faster. This culminated in new protocols (QUIC, SPDY, and HTTP/2) as well novel content delivery mechanisms. In addition, companies like Google SpeedCurve investigated how measure "page time" (PLT) a way that captures human perception. this paper we present Eyeorg [12], platform for crowdsourcing web quality of experience measurements. overcomes scaling automation challenges recruiting users collecting consistent...

360-degree videos are becoming increasingly popular on commercial platforms. In this position paper, we propose a holistic research agenda aiming at improving the performance, resource utilization efficiency, and users' quality of experience (QoE) for 360° video streaming commodity mobile devices. Based Field-of-View (FoV) guided approach that fetches only portions scene users will see, our proposed includes following: robust rate adaptation with incremental chunk upgrading,...

Information-Centric Networking (ICN) is a novel networking paradigm that aims at making network routers aware of the data they transfer. This new requires changes in order to support operations on content names wire speed. NDN, one most popular ICN proposal, also suggests should keep track what requested and from which line-card's interface, structure called Pending Interest Table (PIT). In this work, we set out understand how design PIT can wire-speed. We survey existing literature propose...

Internet users are interested in content regardless of its location; however, the current client/server architecture still requires requests to be directed a specific server. Information-centric networking (ICN) is recent vein that relaxes this requirement through use name-based forwarding, where forwarding decisions based on names instead IP addresses. Despite previous strategies have been proposed, almost none actually built router. To fill gap, paper we design and prototype router called...

The rapid growth of server virtualization has ignited a wide adoption software-based virtual switches, with significant interest in speeding up their performance. In similar trend, software-defined networking (SDN), its strong reliance on rule-based flow classification, also created renewed multi-dimensional packet classification. However, despite these recent advances, the performance current classifiers is still limited, mostly by low parallelism general-purpose CPUs. this paper, we...

Since the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, videoconferencing has become default mode communication in our daily lives at homes, workplaces and schools, it is likely to remain an important part post-pandemic world. Despite its significance, there not been any systematic study characterizing user-perceived performance existing systems other than anecdotal reports. In this paper, we present a detailed measurement that compares three major systems: Zoom, Webex Google Meet. Our based on 48 hours'...

The rapid growth of satellite network operators (SNOs) has revolutionized broadband communications, enabling global connectivity and bridging the digital divide. As these networks expand, it is important to evaluate their performance efficiency. This paper presents first comprehensive study SNOs. We take an opportunistic approach devise a methodology which allows identify public measurements performed via apply this both M-Lab RIPE datasets allowed us characterize low level footprint up 18...

Applications such as Second Life require massive deployment of servers worldwide to support a large number users. We investigate experimentally how Peer-to-Peer (P2P) communication could help cut the cost and increase scalability Social Virtual Worlds Life. design build infrastructure that distributes management virtual world among user resources using structured P2P network. Our is implemented on top Kad, network supports millions eMule then use avatar object traces collected perform...

Today, high-end routers forward hundreds of millions packets per second by means longest prefix match on forwarding tables with less than a million IP prefixes. Information-Centric Networking, novel form networking where content is requested its name, poses new challenge in the design routers: process at least same amount packets, assuming table that contains In this work we and preliminarily evaluate Caesar, first router supports name-based high speed. Caesar efficiently uses available...

The Global South faces unique challenges in achieving digital inclusion due to a heavy reliance on mobile devices for internet access and the prevalence of slow or unreliable networks. While numerous studies have investigated web accessibility within specific sectors such as education, healthcare, government services, these efforts been largely constrained individual countries narrow contexts, leaving critical gap cross-regional, large-scale analysis. This paper addresses this by conducting...

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) location trackers, or "tags", are popular consumer devices for monitoring personal items. These tags rely on their respective network of companion that capable detecting BLE signals and relay information back to the owner. While manufacturers claim such crowd-sourced approach yields accurate tracking, tags' real-world performance characteristics remain insufficiently understood. To this end, study presents a comprehensive analysis three major players in market:...

Accessing the internet in regions with expensive data plans and limited connectivity poses significant challenges, restricting information access economic growth. Images, as a major contributor to webpage sizes, exacerbate this issue, despite advances compression formats like WebP AVIF. The continued growth of complex curated web content, coupled suboptimal optimization practices many regions, has prevented meaningful reductions page sizes. This paper introduces PixLift, novel solution...

Abstract Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a cutting-edge technology capable of producing text, images, and various media content leveraging generative models user prompts. Between 2022 2023, AI surged in popularity with plethora applications spanning from AI-powered movies to chatbots. This paper investigates the potential within realm World Wide Web, specifically focusing on image generation. Web developers already harness help craft text while browsers might use it future locally...