Organogenesis of the ovary is a highly orchestrated process involving multiple lineage determination ovarian surface epithelium, granulosa cells and theca cells. Although sources epithelium are known, origin(s) progenitor have not been definitively identified. Here we show that derive from two sources: Wt1+ indigenous to Gli1+ mesenchymal migrate mesonephros. These progenitors acquire marker Gli1 in response paracrine signals Desert hedgehog (Dhh) Indian (Ihh) Ovaries lacking Dhh/Ihh exhibit...

Significance The fertility of mammalian females depends upon the coordinated development ovarian follicles and developing eggs, called oocytes, contained within them. It has been known for many years that somatic cells arrest progression meiosis in oocyte until both follicle are fully developed ready ovulation fertilization. Here we show that, although compartment clearly plays an essential role maintenance meiotic arrest, this function is regulated by signals from itself.

Alternatives to antibiotics for improving productivity and maintaining the health of livestock are urgently needed. The scope this research was conducted investigate effects two alternatives (Bacillus licheniformis Saccharomyces cerevisiae) monensin on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity, ruminal fermentation microbial diversity fattening lambs. One hundred sixty Dorper × Thin-tailed Han sheep (32 ± 3.45 kg BW) were randomly assigned into 5 treatments n = 32 lambs/group. Lambs...

Significance In the assisted reproductive technology (ART) clinic, pregnancy is defined by rise of human chorionic gonadotropin upon embryo implantation. Achieving implantation a major roadblock to success ART; it estimated that only 50% transferred embryos implant in patients seeking ART, and half these are subsequently lost. Thus, understanding molecular pathways during window will improve ART success. this study, we conditionally deleted activin-like kinase 3 (ALK3) mice demonstrate bone...

Significance Although many studies have yielded tremendous insights into the roles of TGF-β superfamily signaling pathways in physiological and pathophysiological processes, vivo aspects reproduction remain largely unknown. To address these functions females, we conditionally deleted type 1 receptor (activin receptor-like kinase 5, ALK5) demonstrated that absence through ALK5 uterus leads to striking abnormalities at different stages pregnancy, including delayed implantation, disorganization...

In women, the window of implantation is limited to a brief 2- 3-day period characterized by optimal levels circulating ovarian hormones and receptive endometrium. Although assumed occur 8 10 days after ovulation in molecular markers endometrial receptivity are necessary determine timing prior embryo transfer. Previous studies showed that members bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family expressed uterus for female fertility; however, role BMP7 during late gestation not known. To contribution...

Ruminant livestock production is a considerable source of enteric methane (CH4) emissions. In previous study, we found that dietary inclusions Bacillus subtilis (BS) and Macleaya cordata extract (MCE) increased dry matter intake milk production, while reduced CH4 emission in dairy cows. The objective this study was to further elucidate the impact feeding BS MCE on rumen methanogenesis cows using metagenomics techniques. Sixty were blocked 20 groups 3 accordingly their live weight, yield,...

Abstract Body size plays a key role in production, health, selection, and environmental adaptation of animals, but the genetic basis body variation is not clearly understood. Here, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) 15 traits using autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from whole-genome sequences 31 Brahman cattle 131 Yunling identified 20 significant loci, which implicated 18 candidate genes. For ischium width, most SNP was assigned to LCORL, famous gene...

Introduction Mushrooms are rich in protein, polysaccharides, and other nutrients as a natural homology of medicine food species, among which Agaricus bisporus is one the most widely cultivated consumed mushrooms worldwide. The mushroom stipe by-product industry that can be utilized feed resource based on its nutritional value. This study examined effects (ABS) additive growth performance, blood indexes, rumen fermentation parameters, nutrient digestion utilization, microbiota heifers....

Flowering phenology is a key life history trait that strongly influences reproductive success. We investigated the relationship between flowering and functional traits of 48 alpine herb species using Leaf-Height-Seed (LHS) scheme developed by Westoby (1998) to quantify ecological strategy plant species. Phenological data were obtained weekly observation fifty 0.5 × m2 quadrates. Specific leaf area (SLA), height, seed size herbs measured. Comparative generalized estimating equations linear...

Yunling cattle are a composite beef breed, combining Brahman (1/2), Murray Grey (1/4) and Local Yunnan (1/4), that was developed in Yunnan, China the 1980s. Understanding genetic information of is great significance to development reasonable breeding strategies for this breed. In present study, we assessed current status Province (China) by analyzing variability whole mitochondrial genome 129 individuals. Altogether, sequences displayed 47 different haplotypes. The haplotype diversity...

Nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat receptors (NBS-LRR/NLRs) are crucial intracellular immune proteins in plants. Previous article reported a novel NLR protein SUT1 (SUPPRESSORS OF TOPP4-1, 1), which is involved autoimmunity initiated by type one phosphatase 4 mutation (topp4-1) Arabidopsis, however, its role planta still unclear. This study employed Nicotiana benthamiana, model platform, to conduct an overall structural and functional analysis of protein. The transient expression...

The placenta is the first organ to develop after fertilization. It forms an interface between maternal uterus and growing fetus allow nutrient uptake, waste elimination, gas exchange for a successful pregnancy in both mice humans. In past 2 decades, vivo vitro approaches have been used show that several members of TGF-β superfamily regulate embryo implantation placental development. Nodal, ligand, essential mesendoderm formation left-right axis patterning during embryogenesis, Nodal null...

In the external coincidence model, internal and molecular signals, provided by circadian clock sunlight, respectively, are required to induce flowering. Salicylic acid (SA) applications during floral induction have multiple effects. current study, Malus × domestica plants were exposed SA flower-induction stage analyze effect on various health markers A total of 56 equal-sized Fuji/M9 trees that about 7 years old randomly divided into two groups. The first group (SA-treated) was sprayed with...

Stature is an important quantitative trait for cattle performance, which influences herd productivity. Previous studies have reported that SNP (AC_000171.1:g.25015640G>T, rs109815800) in Pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) on chromosome 14 (CHR14) associated with bovine stature. To validate whether rs109815800 the body height of Chinese cattle, we carried out association analysis using 558 adult samples from seven populations. Then, 1038 38 breeds were used to show geographical distribution...

Research background: The Arabidopsis-resistance protein L5 (AT1G12290) can trigger cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is a characteristic function of an NBS-LRR (Nucleotide-Binding Sites and Leucine-Rich Repeat) activation. Purpose: To explore the molecular regulatory network L5. Method: We employed yeast two-hybrid technology to search for interacting proteins L5, combined with laser confocal microscopy observe subcellular localization these candidate proteins, analyzed impact on...

Knowledge about how change the importance of soil seed bank and relationship between mass abundance during vegetation succession is crucial for understanding dynamics. Many studies have been conducted, but their ecological mechanisms community assembly are not fully understood.We examined seasonal dynamics as well size distribution along a successional gradient. We also explored potential role in plant regeneration, species abundance, relative deterministic stochastic processes...

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4 (EIF2AK4, also known as GCN2), which pertains to the family of serine-threonine kinase, is involved in oxidative stress and DNA damage repair. A missense single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (NC_037337.1 g.35615224 T > G) exon 6 EIF2AK4 gene encodes a p.Ile205Ser substitution was observed Bovine Genome Variation Database Selective Signatures (BGVD). The purpose current study determine allelic frequency distribution locus analyze its...

Abstract Large‐scale patterns of biodiversity and formation have garnered increasing attention in biogeography macroecology. The Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP) is an ideal area for exploring these issues. However, the QTP consists multiple geographic subunits, which are understudied. Kunlun Mountains a geographical subunit situated northern edge QTP, northwest China. diversity pattern, community phylogenetic structures, biogeographical roles current flora were analyzed by collecting integrating...