The complex signaling mechanisms in red blood cells (RBCs) enable them to adapt physiological stresses such as exposure low O2 levels, metabolic demands, oxidative stress, and shear stress. Since Ca2+ is a crucial determinant of RBC fate, various ion channels, pumps, exchangers regulate the delicate balance influx efflux RBCs. Elevated intracellular can activate processes membrane phospholipid scrambling alter deformability, which essential for effective capillary transit. However, dynamic...

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are efficient guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GDP to GTP on the Gα subunit of G-protein heterotrimers in response various extracellular stimuli, including neurotransmitters light. GPCRs primarily broadcast signals through activated G proteins, GαGTP free Gβγ major disease drivers. Evidence shows that ambient low threshold signalling required for cells is likely supplemented by regulators such as non-GPCR GEFs dissociation inhibitors (GDIs)....

Cells experience time-varying and spatially heterogeneous chemokine signals

Prenylation is an irreversible post-translational modification that supports membrane interactions of proteins involved in various cellular processes, including migration, proliferation, and survival. Dysregulation prenylation contributes to multiple disorders, cancers vascular neurodegenerative diseases. Prenyltransferases tether isoprenoid lipids via a thioether linkage during prenylation. Pharmacological inhibition the lipid synthesis pathway by statins therapeutic approach control...

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are efficient Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GDP to GTP on the Gα subunit of protein heterotrimers in response various extracellular stimuli, including neurotransmitters light. GPCRs primarily broadcast signals through activated proteins, GαGTP, free Gβγ, major disease drivers. Evidence shows that ambient low threshold signaling required for cells is likely supplemented by regulators such as non-GPCR GEFs Dissociation Inhibitors (GDIs)....

Melanopsin is a photopigment belonging to the G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) family expressed in subset of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) and responsible for variety processes. The bistability and, thus, possibility function under low availability would make melanopsin powerful optogenetic tool. Here, we aim utilize mouse trigger macrophage migration by its subcellular optical activation with localized blue light, while simultaneously imaging red light. To...

An outstanding challenge in the Pd-catalyzed functionalization of allylamines is control stereochemistry. Terminal alkenes preferentially undergo Heck-type reactions, while internal may a mixture Heck and C–H activation reactions that give mixtures stereochemical products. In case unprotected allylamines, achieving facile situ formation Pd nanoparticles leads to preferential trans rather than cis-substituted this study we have demonstrated feasibility using mono-protected amino acid (MPAA)...

ABSTRACT Beta-adrenergic receptors (βARs) are G protein-coupled (GPCRs) that mediate catecholamine-induced stress responses, such as heart rate increase and bronchodilation. In addition to signals from the cell surface, βARs also broadcast non-canonical signaling activities interior membranes (endomembranes). Dysregulation of these receptor pathways underlies severe pathological conditions. Excessive βAR stimulation is linked cardiac hypertrophy, leading failure, while impaired causes...

Beta (β)-adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are primarily responsible for signaling in the sympathetic nervous system and control numerous body functions, including increased heart rate, pupil dilation, glycogen metabolism, adrenaline secretion. Using its ligand, isoproterenol, bound β1-AR structure (PDB ID:7S0F), we synthesized a blue light (405 nm) sensitive, novel inactive isoproterenol derivative (OptoIso) with optically deprotectable groups. The goal was to cell surface...

An outstanding challenge in the Pd-catalyzed functionalization of allylamines is control stereochemistry. Terminal alkenes preferentially undergo Heck-type reactions, while internal may a mixture Heck and C–H activation reactions that give mixtures stereochemical products. In case unprotected allylamines, achieving facile situ formation Pd nanoparticles leads to preferential trans rather than cis-substituted this study we have demonstrated feasibility using mono-protected amino acid (MPAA)...

<b>Abstract ID 55879</b> <b>Poster Board 324</b> Prenylation is an irreversible post-translational modification of proteins that are involved in many physiological and pathological processes. During prenylation, either a 15-C farnesyl or 20-C geranylgeranyl isoprenyl lipid covalently attached to the carboxy-terminal <i>Cysteine</i> residue CaaX motif determines type prenylation. Isoprenyl Lipids synthesized by pathway produces Cholesterol, mevalonate (HMG-CoA reductase) pathway....

<b>Abstract ID 56317</b> <b>Poster Board 87</b> Adrenergic receptors are G-protein-coupled (GPCRs) primarily responsible for signaling in the sympathetic nervous system, which controls numerous body functions, including increased heart rate, pupil dilation, glycogen metabolism, and adrenaline secretion. Several significant polymorphisms found these leading to their clinical importance. Using agonist, Isoproterenol, bound β1-AR structural data, we designed synthesized a UVA-labile, novel...

Prenylation is a universal and irreversible post-translational modification that supports membrane interactions of proteins involved in various cellular processes, including migration, proliferation, survival. Thus, dysregulation prenylation contributes to multiple disorders, cancers, vascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases. During prenylation, prenyltransferase enzymes tether metabolically produced isoprenoid lipids via thioether linkage. Pharmacological inhibition the lipid synthesis...

Cells experience time-varying and spatially heterogeneous chemokine signals in vivo, activating cell surface proteins, including G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). The Gαq pathway activation by GPCRs is a major signaling axis with broad physiological pathological significance. Compared to other Gα members, GαqGTP activates many crucial effectors, PLCβ (Phospholipase Cβ) Rho GEFs (Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors). regulates key processes, such as hematopoiesis, synaptogenesis,...

Abstract Melanopsin (MeOp) is a G protein-coupled Receptor (GPCR) family photopigment, expressed in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) that display remarkable functional diversity. In addition to non-image-forming visual functions, MeOp also controls signaling underlying the retina development, circadian clock, mood, and behavior. bistable, recycles retinal, can function under low retinaldehyde availability. It activates multiple protein heterotrimers. Though could...

Age-related visual damage by blue light and its adverse effects on quality of life for many people >55 yrs have been well documented. Eliminating wavelengths has shown to reduce age-related impairment facilitate vision preservation in the elderly. The region visible spectrum is abundant sunlight common electronic emitters. Many adults receive increased ultraviolet exposure upon retirement moving closer tropics spending more time outdoors. cornea lens eye are largely opaque ultraviolet, while...