Moderate and severe arterial stenoses can produce highly disturbed flow regions with transitional or turbulent characteristics. Neither laminar modeling nor standard two-equation models such as the k-ɛ turbulence ones are suitable for this kind of blood flow. In order to analyze distal an stenosis, authors study have used Wilcox low-Re model. Flow simulations were carried out on 50, 75 86% reductions in cross-sectional area over a range physiologically relevant Reynolds numbers. The results...

Objective: To reduce hip joint muscles’ activation during walking with an active exoskeleton. Background: Few studies examine the optimal assistance timing of exoskeleton based on muscle characteristics. Methods: Sixteen gender-balanced healthy adults (mean age 28.8 years) performed four tasks (each over 20 min). Tasks were different in loading and assistance. Muscle was collected by surface electromyography. The oxygen consumption evaluated performance proposed strategy. Results:...

As technology continues to advance and modern lifestyles become increasingly mechanized, the prevalence of heart disease is steadily growing. On other hand, donor hearts ready for transplantation are limited worldwide. Therefore, blood pumps a suitable alternative help patient during waiting period even until end life. Blood must meet biological requirements, including adequate output pressure flow rate, within an acceptable margin safety in event damage. Reduction pump size, exposure time,...

Bone remodeling identifies the process of permanent bone change with new formation and old resorption. Understanding this is essential in many applications, such as optimizing treatment diseases like osteoporosis, maintaining density long-term periods disuse, or assessing evolution surrounding prostheses after implantation. A particular case study dental Despite overall success type implants, increasing life expectancy developed countries has boosted demand for implants patients...

Atherosclerosis is one of the most common diseases arterial tree, especially in coronary arteries. Stenoses exceeding 50% area reduction are shown to alternate downstream flow, and hemodynamics will lead further atherogenesis. Clinical evidence also confirms that vascular stenoses not stagnant since they usually associated with lesions. In this study, it hypothesized formation secondary plaques, or aneurysms a primary stenosis, compensates for abnormal ranges hemodynamic forces caused by...

Orthodontic tooth movement in the alveolar bone is due to mechanical response of periodontal ligament applied forces. Definition a proper constitutive model investigate its orthodontic loading required. For this purpose, three-dimensional finite element incisor tooth, ligament, and was built utilizing hydro-mechanical coupling theory. Tooth displacement then investigated, effect different behaviors assigned solid phase compared. Results showed that where placed tension, pore volume filled...

Abstract Despite the high success rate achieved in current dental implantation, there are still important problems to solve like incomplete early osteointegration, bone damage, and long‐term implant loosening. Highly compliant stress absorbers a possible solution these problems. Although several works examined stress‐strain distribution without with show their favorable results, none of them analyzed impact on remodeling. Here, we analyze this effect by comparing evolution mass density...

Background:Circle of Willis (COW) is a network cerebral artery which continually supplies the brain with blood. Any disturbance in this supply will result trauma or even death. One these damages known as Aneurysm. Clinical methods for diagnosing aneurysm can only measure blood vel ocity; while, order to understand causes occurrences it necessary have information about amount pressure and wall shear stress, possible through computational models. Objective:In study purpose achieving exact...

Laminar, turbulent, transitional, or combine areas of all three types viscous flow can occur downstream a stenosis depending upon the Reynolds number and constriction shape parameter. Neither laminar solver nor turbulent models for instance k-ω (k-omega), k-ε (k-epsilon), RANS LES are opportune this type flow. In present study attention has been focused vigorously on effect in field with unique way. It means that was employed from entry up to beginning shear The model (k-ω SST Transitional...

In this study the interaction of blood flow with arterial wall has been investigated using FSI (Fluid-Structure Interaction) modeling.Computer simulation pulsatile was carried out on basis time dependent axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible Newtonian fluid flow.An elastic material large deformation considered and momentum continuity elastodynamics have solved.The specified boundary conditions were pressure waveforms brachial artery at inflow outflow to given pulse wave...

Abstract In this paper, the finite-element method (FEM) simulation of ultrasound brain surgery is presented. The overheating problem post-target bone, which one limiting factors for a successful surgery, considered. order to decrease bone heating, precise choices frequency, focal pressure, and scanning path are needed. effect variations in mentioned parameters studied by means FEM. resulting pressure temperature distributions transdural simulated employing FEM solving Helmholtz bioheat...

The pulsatile blood flow in a partially blocked artery is significantly altered as the regime changes through cardiac cycle. This paper reports on application of low-Reynolds turbulence model for computation physiological healthy and stenosed carotid bifurcation. human was chosen since it has received much attention because atherosclerotic lesions are frequently observed. Wilcox low-Re k-omega used simulation proven to be more accurate describing transition from laminar turbulent flow. Using...

The effects of age-related hypertrophic remodeling the thoracic aortic wall on mechanical stresses are quantified using fluid–solid interaction method. Boundary conditions include physiological flow and pressure waves. Fluid solid governing equations solved loose coupling results show alteration hemodynamic parameters by process, including reduction in maximum circumferential stress lower shear fluctuation with smaller portion negative value value. Such characteristics indicators risk...

Trabecular bone’s capability to adapt its architecture the surrounding environment has been a subject of research for more than century. The purpose present work is simulate and improve semi-mechanistic bone remodeling theory. In doing so, computer code was developed using finite element method, also cellular accommodation effect incorporated in model. Using this novel approach, trabecular-like structures different loading conditions directionalities similar actual human have resulted square...