A5072059139- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Parasitic Infections and Diagnostics
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- Rabies epidemiology and control
- Heme Oxygenase-1 and Carbon Monoxide
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Diabetes and associated disorders
- Carbohydrate Chemistry and Synthesis
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
- Protein purification and stability
- Blood groups and transfusion
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- interferon and immune responses
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
Albert Einstein College of Medicine
2016-2025
ABSTRACT Type II Toxoplasma gondii KU80 knockouts (Δ ku80 ) deficient in nonhomologous end joining were developed to delete the dominant pathway mediating random integration of targeting episomes. Gene frequency type Δ hxgprt strain measured at orotate ( OPRT and uracil UPRT phosphoribosyltransferase loci was highly efficient. To assess potential examine gene function affecting cyst biology latent stages infection, we targeted deletion four parasite antigen genes GRA4 , GRA6 ROP7 tgd057 that...
Toxoplasma gondii infects up to one third of the world's population. A key success T. as a parasite is its ability persist for life host bradyzoites within tissue cysts. The glycosylated cyst wall structural feature that facilitates persistence and oral transmission this parasite. Because most antibodies reagents recognize carbohydrates, identification components has been technically challenging. We have identified CST1 (TGME49_064660) 250 kDa SRS (SAG1 related sequence) domain protein with...
Toxoplasma gondii is a highly prevalent parasite worldwide that presents life-threatening risks to immunocompromised and pregnant individuals. Whereas the life stage responsible for acute infection can be treated, chronic refractory currently available therapeutics. Little known about protein composition of cyst wall, an amorphous structure formed by parasites suspected facilitate persistence within muscle nervous tissue during (latent) infection. By implementing refined approach selectively...
Toxoplasma bradyzoites reside in tissue cysts that undergo cycles of expansion, rupture, and release to foster chronic infection. The glycosylated cyst wall acts as a protective barrier, although the processes responsible for formation, remodeling, turnover are not understood. Herein, we identify noncanonical chitinase-like enzyme TgCLP1 localizes micronemes is targeted after secretion. Genetic deletion resulted thickened decreased turnover, blocked export virulence effectors into host...
ABSTRACT Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular apicomplexan parasite that infects warm-blooded vertebrates, including humans. Asexual reproduction in T. allows it to switch between the rapidly replicating tachyzoite and quiescent bradyzoite life cycle stages. A transient cyclic AMP (cAMP) pulse promotes differentiation, whereas a prolonged elevation of cAMP inhibits this process. We investigated mechanism(s) by which differential modulation exerts bidirectional effect on...
The protozoan intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii forms latent cysts in the central nervous system (CNS) and persists for lifetime of host. This cyst is cloaked with a glycosylated structure called wall. Previously, we demonstrated that mucin-like glycoprotein, CST1, localizes to wall confers structural rigidity on brain domain-dependent manner. domain CST1 composed 20 units threonine-rich tandem repeats are O-GalNAc glycosylated. A family enzymes termed polypeptide...
Microsporidia are important opportunistic human pathogens in immune-suppressed individuals, such as those with HIV/AIDS and recipients of organ transplants. The sporoplasm is critical for establishing microsporidian infection. Despite the biological importance this structure transmission, there limited information about its composition that could be targeted therapeutic intervention. Here, we identified a novel E. hellem surface protein, EhSSP1, demonstrated it can bind to host cell...
ABSTRACT In immunocompromised hosts, latent infection with Toxoplasma gondii can reactivate from tissue cysts, leading to encephalitis. A characteristic of T. bradyzoites in cysts is the presence amylopectin granules. The regulatory mechanisms and role accumulation this organism are not fully understood. genome encodes a putative glycogen phosphorylase (TgGP), mutants were constructed manipulate activity TgGP evaluate function storage. Both stop codon mutant (Pru/TgGP S25stop [expressing...
A model of the cyst wall interactome was constructed using proteins identified through BioID. The within this encompass several in a prior characterization proteome. This provides more comprehensive understanding composition and may lead to insights on how is formed.
Our studies on novel cyst wall proteins serendipitously led us to the discovery that and vacuolar matrix protein MAG1, first identified a quarter of century ago, functions as secreted immunomodulatory effector. MAG1 is dense granular found in parasitophorous tachyzoite vacuoles bradyzoite vacuoles. In current study, we demonstrated beyond vacuole into host cytosol both tachyzoites bradyzoites. Secretion gradually decreases matures, but prominent puncta are present inside cells even at 4 6...
The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii adapts to diverse host cell environments within a replicative compartment that is heavily decorated by secreted proteins. In an attempt identify novel proteins influence activity, we identified and characterized transmembrane dense granule protein dubbed GRA64 (TGME49_202620). We found on the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) partially exposed cytoplasm in both tachyzoite bradyzoite vacuoles. Using co-immunoprecipitation proximity-based...
The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii expands during acute infection via a cycle of invasion, intracellular replication, and lytic egress. Physiological regulation has not yet been demonstrated for either invasion or We now report that, in contrast to cell culture systems, which egress occurs only after five more divisions (2-3 days), residence is strikingly abbreviated inflammatory cells vivo, early (after zero two divisions) the dominant fate acutely infected mice. Adoptive transfer...
Abstract Infection with the apicomplexan protozoan Toxoplasma gondii can be life-threatening in immunocompromised hosts. Transmission frequently occurs through oral ingestion of T. bradyzoite cysts, which transition to tachyzoites, disseminate, and then form cysts containing bradyzoites central nervous system, resulting latent infection. Encapsulation by a cyst wall is critical for immune evasion, survival, transmission. O-glycosylation protein CST1 mucin-type O-glycosyltransferase (Txg )...
The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects a large proportion of humans worldwide and can cause adverse complications in the settings immune-compromise pregnancy. T. thrives within many different cell types due part to its residence specialized heavily modified compartment which divides, termed parasitophorous vacuole. Within this vacuole, numerous proteins optimize survival following their secretion by parasite. We investigated contribution one these proteins, TgPPM3C, predicted...
This report expands on the list of characterized Toxoplasma gondii cyst matrix proteins. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), we have shown that proteins within are not mainly in a mobile state, providing further evidence how behave matrix. Understanding expressed during bradyzoite stage parasite reveals functions chronic infection.
Toxoplasma gondii bradyzoites establish chronic infections within their host cells. Recent studies have demonstrated that several parasite effector proteins are translocated to cells during the bradyzoite stage of infection. To understand interaction between and at transcriptomic landscape level, we utilized single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq) characterize bradyzoite-induced cell response. Distinct gene expression profiles were observed in infected host, with low mapped reads, mock...
is an obligate intracellular parasite that chronically infects up to a third of the human population. The parasites persist in form cysts central nervous system and serve as reservoir for reactivation toxoplasmic encephalitis. cyst wall known have abundant
ABSTRACT The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii adapts to diverse host cell environments within a replicative compartment that is heavily decorated by secreted proteins. In attempts identify novel proteins influence activity, we identified and characterized trans-membrane dense granule protein dubbed GRA64 (TGME49_202620). We found on the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) partially exposed cytoplasm in both tachyzoite bradyzoite vacuoles. Using co-immunoprecipitation...