Twenty years after the fall of apartheid, social and economic disparities persist in South Africa have a profound effect on health population. HIV infection tuberculosis remain major problems, there are not enough care workers.

Abstract A controlled, prospective study comparing streptokinase and heparin treatment has been completed in 51 patients presenting with acute proximal venous thrombosis of less than 8 days' clinical duration. Patients were studied by means pre-treatment, post-treatment, 3- 12-monthly phlebography pulmonary perfusion scanning followed up at 3-monthly intervals. Of the 26 randomized to receive streptokinase, therapy was stopped 3 because complications. Phlebography 5 days after starting...

Editorial by Lansang The normal “standard of care” against which new interventions are tested in medical research has not been formally defined. It is usually taken to mean the “best proved treatment” for any condition under investigation a trial. We reject arbitrariness this notion standard care and offer more comprehensive alternative. Use invokes approach international ethics that focuses on reducing inequalities global health. The debate what constitutes fair reasonable subjects...

Despite spectacular twentieth century scientific and technological progress, the world is more inequitable than it was fifty years ago. This evident both in terms of access to health care for individuals, relation whole populations. Disparities wealth within between nations are widening inexorably rapidly expanding global economy has failed reduce poverty among those with little if any care. In this context Universal Declaration Human Rights remains an unrealized aspiration majority world's...

Although the resources and knowledge for achieving improved global health exist, a new, critical paradigm on as an aspect of human development, security, rights is needed. Such shift required to sufficiently modify credibly reduce present dominance perverse market forces health. New scientific discoveries can make wide-ranging contributions health; however, depends greater social justice, economic redistribution, enhanced democratization production, caring institutions essential care,...

Striking disparities in access to healthcare and health outcomes are major characteristics of across the globe. This inequitable state global how it could be improved has become a highly popularized field academic study. In series articles this journal roles power politics have been addressed considerable detail. Three points added here debate. The first is consideration use definitions common terms, for example 'poverty eradication,' can mask full exposure extent rectification required,...

This article seeks to evaluate the ethical underpinnings of neoliberalism and its associated power relations, illustrate influence such relationships on health people planet in so-called era Anthropocene. We seek reveal current standing neoliberalism, identify other positions relations that could be more conducive promoting peaceful progress an during which all future life our will increasingly threatened by several organically inter-linked, human-caused crises, including Earth’s biosphere....

The Lancet-University of Oslo Commission Report on Global Governance for Health provides an insightful analysis the global health inequalities that result from transnational activities consequent what authors call contemporary "global social norms." Our critique is and suggested reforms to prevailing institutions practices are confined within perspective dominant-although unsustainable inequitable-market-oriented, neoliberal development model capitalism. Consequently, report both elides...

This article seeks to contribute debates on the political economy of global health by offering a 'planetary' perspective. We initially sketch contestations concerning improvements, inequalities and inequities in state order move towards more integrated conception significant social forces driving transformations health, society ecology. then explore key agencies (e.g. large energy pharmaceutical corporations; sympathetic governments) structures contemporary capitalism interrogate their...

South Africa's transition to a democracy -characterized by liberal constitution, bill of rights, and attempts pursue reconciliation rather than revenge -has been widely admired as paradigm shift in human relationships from seemingly inevitable conflict negotiated peace.The challenge narrowing racial disparities health care is formidable one for the new government. 1,2The high rates infection with immunodeficiency virus (HIV) full-blown AIDS add another layer complexity.In this review I...

Benatar explores the underlying reasons for our failure to make adequate progress in improving global health.

Benatar and colleagues argue that the world has changed profoundly since birth of modern bioethics in 1960s, needs to address today's global health problems.

This article takes the state of health in world today as starting point for a backward look at trajectory that has led to our current position and speculation about prospects improved global future. Our model social development its dominant value system, which promoted scientific progress but also brought great social, economic instability, is interrogated. leads questions such what it means be healthy practice medicine about. Three potential scenarios future are outlined. It suggested deep...

The Ebola epidemic in West Africa is not merely a biomedical problem that can be seen isolation and dealt with only through emergency medical rescue processes. ethical dilemmas surfaced by this are also confined to the usual micro-ethical problems associated care research. pandemic, as one of many manifestations failed human social development has brought world dangerous 'tipping points', requires deep introspection action address upstream causal

Clinical research has become a burgeoning activity in recent years, largely stimulated by the pharmaceutical industry's interest new drugs with high marketing profiles. Several other forces fuel this thrust: increasing dependence of academic medical institutions on funding from industry; need for large, efficient multicenter trials to obtain reliable and statistically significant results shortest possible time drug registration purposes; access subjects “developing” countries. The intense...