A5030658507- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Video Analysis and Summarization
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis
- GNSS positioning and interference
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Geophysics and Sensor Technology
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Solid-state spectroscopy and crystallography
- Power System Optimization and Stability
- Optical Wireless Communication Technologies
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
University of Leicester
2023-2025
University College London
2019-2024
Met Office
2020-2024
University of Dundee
2015-2016
We present the first observations of a three-hour quasi-periodic intensification polar auroras during prolonged interval strongly-northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF).  This takes form localised spot auroral emission that appears near pole which subsequently spreads sunwards and antisunwards to produce sun-aligned arc. arc eventually merges with dayside nightside zones.  Twin reverse-cell convection in noon-sector ionosphere suggests this occurs on-going dual-lobe...
Using auroral boundaries determined from far ultraviolet images of the aurora (Chisham et al., 2022), we have examined occurrence with respect to magnetic latitude, local time and Kp index. Our results show that is highly correlated (R2>90%) between values 0o 5o. We use linear fits build a probabilistic Auroral Location Forecast (ALF) which gives likelihood occuring at given latitude for any level Kp. The model includes both relationships low latitudes anti-correlated high latitudes,...
The structure and dynamics of the magnetosphere are significantly different during intervals northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) compared to when IMF is southward. Under IMF, reconnection occurs at higher latitudes tailward cusps. High latitude occurring simultaneously in both hemispheres can close significant amounts open flux magnetospheric lobes resulting an almost entirely closed has been linked characteristic auroral signatures, such as cusp-aligned arcs.Under becomes...
Horse-collar aurora (HCA) are an auroral formation generated by the geomagnetic reconfiguration during prolonged periods of northward-directed interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). HCA has been linked to dual-lobe reconnection (DLR) closing open flux at dayside magnetopause, resulting in a reversal typical ionospheric twin-cell convection pattern and poleward motion dawn dusk portions open/closed line boundary (OCB). This morphology gives rise horse-collar or teardrop-shaped polar cap.We aim...
Abstract During periods of northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), the magnetospheric structure and dynamics are dramatically different compared to southward IMF case. Previous studies using both observations simulations have shown that under magnetotail becomes dominated by closed flux associated trapped particle populations. In this study, we analyze three intervals plasma observed in high latitude during a period prolonged IMF, coinciding with cusp‐aligned arcs polar region. We...
Abstract High‐Intensity Long‐Duration Continuous AE Activity (HILDCAA) intervals are driven by High Speed solar wind Streams (HSSs) during which the rapidly‐varying interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) produces high but intermittent dayside reconnection rates. This results in several days of large, quasi‐periodic enhancements auroral electrojet (AE) index. There has been debate over whether produced substorms or HILDCAAs represent a distinct class magnetospheric dynamics. We investigate 16...
Abstract We examine a 6‐day traversal of the magnetotail by ARTEMIS satellites during an interval prolonged northward IMF. The electrostatic analyzer (ESA) onboard spacecraft measures high ion and electron fluxes at approximately 60 R E downtail in regions which would normally be lobe, containing open flux evacuated plasma. interpret these observations as trapped plasma on closed magnetic indicating that is or partially but extends least far ∼60 downtail. find occurrence closure...
Abstract The aurora and associated high energy particles currents pose a space weather hazard to communication networks ground‐based infrastructure. Forecasting the location of auroral oval forms an integral component daily operations. We evaluate version OVATION‐Prime 2013 forecast model that was implemented for operational use at UK Met Office Space Weather Operations Cent. Building on our earlier studies, we ability predict in all latitude local time sectors under different levels...
Abstract The flux of > 2 MeV electrons at geosynchronous orbit is used by space weather forecasters as a key indicator enhanced risk damage to spacecraft in low, medium, or Earth orbits. We present methodology that uses the amount time single input data set (solar wind geomagnetic indices) exceeds given threshold produce deterministic and probabilistic forecasts GEO exceeding 1,000 10,000 cm −2 s −1 sr within up 10 days. By comparing our with measured fluxes from GOES 15 between 2014...
Abstract Substorms are a rapid release of energy that is redistributed throughout the magnetosphere‐ionosphere system, resulting in many observable signals, such as enhancements aurora, energetic particle injections, and ground magnetic field perturbations. Numerous substorm identification techniques onset lists based on each these signals have been provided literature, but often with no cross‐calibration. Since produced not necessarily unique to substorms may be sufficiently similar...
Sunquakes are the surface signatures of acoustic waves in Sun's interior that produced by some but not all flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). This paper explores a mechanism for sunquake generation magnetic field changes occur during CMEs, using MHD simulations with semiempirical FAL-C atmosphere to demonstrate response changing tilt corona. We find Alfven-sound resonance combined ponderomotive force produces sufficient energy match observations when angle order 10 degrees region...
Abstract The aurora is a readily visible phenomenon of interest to many members the public. However, and associated phenomena can also significantly impact communications, ground‐based infrastructure, high‐altitude radiation exposure. Forecasting location auroral oval therefore key component space weather forecast operations. A version OVATION‐Prime 2013 precipitation model (Newell et al., 2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014sw001056 ) was used by UK Met Office Space Weather Operations Centre...
Abstract We investigate a 15‐day period in October 2011. Auroral observations by the Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imager instrument onboard Defense Meteorological Satellite Program F16, F17, and F18 spacecraft indicate that polar regions were covered weak cusp‐aligned arc (CAA) emissions whenever interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle was small, | θ < 45°, which amounted to 30% of time. Simultaneous ions electrons tail Cluster C4 Geotail showed during these intervals...
Abstract The open magnetic flux content of the magnetosphere varies during substorms as a result dayside and nightside reconnection. can be calculated from area polar cap, delineated by open‐closed field line boundary (OCB). This study presents superposed epoch analysis location OCB change in individual MLT sectors substorm growth, expansion, recovery phases. Far ultraviolet (FUV) observations IMAGE satellite are used to derive proxy location. In hour prior onset, total increases up 0.12 GWb...
We propose a mechanism for the formation of horse-collar auroral configuration during periods strongly northwards interplanetary magnetic field, invoking action dual-lobe reconnection (DLR).&#160; Auroral observations are provided by Imager Magnetopause-to-Auroras Global Exploration (IMAGE) satellite and spacecraft Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP).&#160; also use ionospheric flow measurements from DMSP polar maps field-aligned currents (FACs) derived Active...
Abstract Michaela K Mooney and co-authors evaluate a space weather forecast model in the same way that forecasts are assessed, work won 2019 Rishbeth Prize for best poster.
High-Intensity Long-Duration Continuous AE Activity (HILDCAA) intervals are driven by High Speed solar wind Streams (HSSs) during which the rapidly-varying interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) produces high but intermittent dayside reconnection rates. This results in several days of large, quasi-periodic enhancements auroral electrojet (AE) index. There has been debate over whether produced substorms or HILDCAAs represent a distinct class magnetospheric dynamics. We investigate sixteen...
&lt;p&gt;The aurora is a readily visible phenomenon of interest to many members the public. However, and associated phenomena can also significantly impact communications, ground-based infrastructure high-altitude radiation exposure. Forecasting location auroral oval therefore key component space weather forecast operations. A version OVATION-Prime 2013 precipitation model was implemented for operational use at UK Met Office Space Weather Operations Centre (MOSWOC), delivering...