When appropriately designed and maintained, passive systems can provide long-term, efficient, effective treatment for many acid mine drainage (AMD) sources. Passive AMD relies on natural processes to neutralize acidity oxidize or reduce precipitate metal contaminants. is most suitable small moderate discharges of appropriate chemistry, but periodic inspection maintenance plus eventual renovation are generally required. technologies be separated into biological geochemical types. Biological...

In an energy‐limited world, biomass may be converted to energy products through pyrolysis. A byproduct of this process is biochar. better understanding needed the sorption characteristics biochars, which can influence availability plant essential nutrients and potential water contaminants such as phosphorus (P) in soil. Knowledge P retention release mechanisms when applying carbon‐rich amendments biochar soil needed. The objectives study were quantify from biochars produced fast pyrolysis...

Abstract Metal pollution is an important concern because of its potential to affect human health. Metals such as lead and cadmium can enter soil via the food chain exceed normal limits, producing harmful effects. In this study, six common garden residential plant species were grown in soils from Spelter, WV, USA, contaminated with a variety metals including (Pb), zinc (Zn), (Cd), copper (Cu). Plant included radish, carrot, chicory, spinach, lettuce, clover. concentrations tissues compared...

Abstract Studies on molecular characterization of soil organic carbon (SOC), although critical to understanding SOC dynamics, are relatively scarce for reclaimed minesoils. The aim this study was assess the effects time since reclamation properties in a minesoil chronosequence using different spectroscopic indices. consisted four minesoils, with similar soil‐forming conditions, pasture ecosystem, and distinguished only by varying from 1 22 years. Results indicated that molecules older...

Land degradation and desertification (LDD) has gained worldwide policy attention due to decline in land quality the resultant economic burden accrued upon a vast population reliant on land-based natural capital. In India, impacts are becoming apparent as 24 out of 29 states have been experiencing LDD since early 2000s. Here, we adopt mixed-method approach combining hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) multilinear regression (MLRA) with contextual assessments draw on, using state-level...

ABSTRACT Acid–base accounting (ABA) is an analytical procedure that provides values to help assess the acid‐producing and acid‐neutralizing potential of overburden rocks prior coal mining other large‐scale excavations. This was developed by West Virginia University scientists during 1960s. After passage laws requiring assessment surface on water quality, ABA became a preferred method predict post‐mining permitting decisions for mines are largely based determined ABA. To amount rock compared...

ABSTRACT The duration of acid mine drainage flowing out underground mines is important in the design watershed restoration and abandoned land reclamation projects. Past studies have reported that water flows from for hundreds years with little change, while others state poor quality may last only 20 to 40 years. More than 150 above‐drainage (those not flooded after abandonment) discharges Pittsburgh Upper Freeport coal seams were located sampled during 1968 northern West Virginia, we...

The recent development of portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometers (PXRF) has created new avenues for rapid plant elemental concentration determination at reduced cost while avoiding hazardous chemicals. A few studies have indicated the potential use PXRF homogenous tissue analysis. However, there is a lack information analysis heterogeneous samples like livestock forage, which consists mixture several species and parts, each varying in concentration. Our objective was to evaluate forage...

Heavy metal accumulation in edible plants grown contaminated soils poses a major environmental risk to humans and grazing animals.This study focused on the concentration speciation of Zn different with smelter wastes (Spelter, WV, USA) containing high levels metals Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd.Their was examined parts (roots, stem, leaves) as function growth stage (dry seed, sprouting cotyledon, root vegetables radish, leafy vegetable spinach legume clover.Although varied significantly plant species,...

Abstract The grasslands of the Appalachian region spread over undulating terrain with high annual precipitation rate which causes a large variation in soil and nutrient factors like water potential (WP), pH, nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) levels. There is need to understand these their interactive effects design precise agronomic practices for acidic maximize production. A pot experiment was conducted an objective quantify WP, N P rates on herbage accumulation recovery Kentucky bluegrass (Poa...

Abstract Marginal lands are an untapped source of agricultural potential, particularly regarding high‐yielding, low‐input bioenergy crops like Miscanthus × giganteus ( ). is specific interest because it can be productive and sequester carbon in soil even under the stressful conditions present on some degraded lands. A key component these abilities interaction with its root microbiome. Microbial functions depend nutrient status soil, hence sensitive to fertilization regimes. Nevertheless,...

Sustainable delivery of drinking water adequate quantity/quality sits at the core rural development paradigms worldwide. The overarching goal this study was to assess operational performance supply services (RWSS) in India help authorities understand challenges/shortfalls vis-à-vis opportunities. Data on habitation-level coverage, aggregated by states between 2013 and 2018, were obtained from National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) database, against two norms, namely, 40 lpcd 55...

The conditional acidity constants, pKa, of methyl red and phenol were determined in (10, 30, 50) wt % binary aqueous mixtures methanol ethanol at 298.15 K constant low ionic strength (2.5·10−3 mol·dm−3) by a spectrophotometric method. For the studied cosolvent + water systems, pKa ranged from 3.78 ± 0.06 to 5.50 0.04 8.50 0.1 6.71 0.03, respectively. Variations as functions cosolvents are discussed terms solvent properties.