A comprehensive model of the work-family interface was developed and tested. The proposed extended prior research by explicitly distinguishing between work interfering with family work. This distinction allowed testing hypotheses concerning unique antecedents outcomes both forms conflict a reciprocal relationship them. influence gender, race, job type on generalizability also examined. Data were obtained through household interviews random sample 631 individuals. tested structural equation...

A 4-factor measure of drinking motives based on a conceptual model by Cox & Klinger (1988, 1990) is presented. Using data from representative household sample 1,243 Black and White adolescents, confirmatory factor analyses showed that the hypothesized provided an excellent fit to pattern was invariant across gender, race, age. Each motive related distinct contextual antecedents drinking-related outcomes, these relationships did not generally vary demographic subgroups. Results support both...

Cross‐sectional research provides consistent evidence that work–family conflict is positively associated with a host of adverse health‐related outcomes. The authors extend past by examining the longitudinal relations work → family and to self‐report (depressive symptomatology, physical health, heavy alcohol use) objective cardiovascular (incidence hypertension) health Survey data were obtained from random community sample 267 employed parents during 1989 (baseline) 1993 (follow‐up). Ordinary...

Attachment style differences in psychological symptomatology, self-concept, and risky or problem behaviors were examined a community sample (N = 1,989) of Black White adolescents, 13 to 19 years old. Overall, secure adolescents the best-adjusted group, though not necessarily least likely engage behaviors. Anxious worst-adjusted reporting poorest self-concepts highest levels symptomatology risk In contrast, avoidant reported generally high poor but similar those found among secures. Mediation...

Abstract This study tested Pleck's (1977) hypothesis concerning gender differences in the relative permeability of work and family boundaries. Data were obtained from a randomly drawn community sample 631 employed adults (278 men; 353 women). Respondents reported that interfered with life (W→F conflict) more frequently than (F→W conflict). These results suggest boundaries are indeed asymmetrically permeable being However, there was no evidence pattern asymmetry, indicating dynamics may...

A stressor vulnerability model of stress-induced drinking was tested in a stratified random sample 1,316 Black and White adult drinkers. Stressors were highly predictive both alcohol use problems among men who relied on avoidant forms emotion coping or held strong positive expectancies for alcohol's effects accounted more than 35% the variance subgroup high factors. In contrast, stressors negatively related low unrelated women regardless their expectancies. These findings suggest that...

<h3>Background</h3> Increased risk for serious adverse outcomes has been associated with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Whether these risks are directly attributable to CSA rather than family background remains controversial. <h3>Methods</h3> Structured psychiatric telephone interviews were conducted from February1996 September 2000 both members 1991 same-sex pairs (1159 female and 832 male pairs) young adult Australian volunteer twin panel (mean[SD] age, 29.9 [2.5] years). A...

Deposite consistent evidence that alcohol can be used to cope with negative emotions or enhance positive emotions, research on drinking motives has focused primarily coping and social motives. This article reports the development of a 3-factor measure also assesses enhancement Using confirmatory factor analysis, we demonstrated are empirically distinct from correlated model fits data equally well across race gender groups in large representative sample. Each motive was shown predict aspects...

components of this approach, tests a comprehensive social learning model abuse have been lacking. The proposed here postulates that alcohol can be predicted from causal chain includes consumption and drinking to cope as proximal determinants general coping skills positive expectancies more distal determinants. To evaluate in way permits simultaneous consideration its multiple control for demo- graphic influences, path analytic techniques were applied data problem nonproblem drinkers drawn...

The implications of a functionalist perspective for understanding sexual risk taking are explored. Key motivational dimensions thought to underlie human behavior (viz., approach vs. avoidance, autonomy relatedness) were used identify 4 broad domains motivations and develop measure specific motives within each these domains. Data from both college student community samples demonstrate the psychometric adequacy scales show that having sex different reasons predicts distinctive patterns...

Longitudinal data from a representative sample of 1,978 Black and White adolescents were used to examine the role personality in multiple risk or problem behaviors. Results indicate that covariation among diverse behaviors (educational underachievement, delinquent behavior, substance use, sexual behavior) can be adequately modeled by single higher order factor, impulsivity avoidance coping serve as generalized factors for involvement these Whereas none variables examined explained change...

This study tested the hypothesis that internalized gender-role personality attributes and ideology mediate sex differences in alcohol use drinking problems a random sample of 1,077 adolescents aged 13 to 19. Results indicated gender roles substantially, although not completely, mediated effects on patterns. The relationships between were largely consistent with individuals conventional identities conform more closely cultural norms condone among males but females. However, gender-linked...

Prior to their having a 1st trimester abortion, women's perceptions of social support from partner, family, and friends self-efficacy for coping were assessed. Depression, mood, physical complaints, anticipation negative consequences measured after the 30-min recovery period. As predicted, perceived enhanced adjustment indirectly through its effects on self-efficacy. Women who high friends, partners had higher coping. Higher self-efficacy, in turn, predicted better psychological measures but...

Identity theory postulates that the psychological importance or salience of job role may intensify relationships between stressors and employee health. Therefore, this study tested moderating influence involvement on work pressure, lack autonomy, ambiguity to depression, physical health, heavy alcohol use. Data were obtained through household interviews with a randomly selected community sample 795 employed adults. Moderator regression analyses provided limited support for...

Limited research has examined the relationship between financial strain and alcohol use abuse. Building on affect regulation theory recent in stress literatures, this study developed tested a model relating strain, social resources, personal depression, drinking to cope Data were obtained from random sample of 1,424 adults who indicated that they had drunk previous year. We then revised our using structural equation modeling analysis. Results supported Generally, depression mediated cope, In...

ABSTRACT Aims We examined the alcohol‐tobacco relationship using two prospective, ethnically diverse samples. Trajectories of alcohol and tobacco use are portrayed overall by sex ethnicity. Using prospective analyses, we examine directional influences between use, characterize initiation versus persistence drinking smoking as a function other substance. Design, setting Data were from National Longitudinal Study Adolescent Health (AddHealth) Risk (AHRS). Follow‐up intervals for AddHealth AHRS...

Drawing on both tension reduction and social learning theories, we hypothesized that work stressors lead to increased distress, which in turn promotes problematic alcohol use among vulnerable individuals. Vulnerable individuals are possess few personal resources for responding adaptively work-related distress hold positive expectancies alcohol's effects. We tested our model a random sample of 574 employed adults, using combination path analytic hierarchical moderated regression techniques....