This paper describes a robust optimization approach to minimize the total cost of supplying remote telecommunication station exclusively by renewable energy sources (RES). Due intermittent nature RES, such as photovoltaic (PV) panels and small wind turbines, they are normally supported central storage system (ESS), consisting battery fuel cell. The is carried out mixed-integer linear program (RMILP), results in different optimal solutions, depending on budgets uncertainty, each which yields...

The importance of the accurate forecasting power outputsof wind-based generation systems is increasing, as their contributions to total system are rising. However, wind energy resource exhibits strong and stochastic spatio-temporal variations, which further combine with uncertainties in WF operating regimes, i.e., numbers turbines normal operation, under curtailment, or that faulty/disconnected. This paper presents a novel approach for efficient dealing hour-ahead forecasted outputs. It...

The goal of the paper is to provide a comprehensive operational flexibility evaluation different Multi-energy Microgrid (MEM) options. This done by incorporating Mixed Integer Liner Programming (MILP) model for annual simulations and expanding it with Receding Horizon Model Predictive Control (RH-MPC) algorithm short term daily analyses. optimizes flows various energy vectors: heat, fossil fuels (natural gas), cooling electricity, coordinating microgrid elements serving final consumer needs...

It has been over two decades since the publication of pioneer works about power transformer diagnostics based on monitoring their acoustic fingerprints. Since then, there great progress in this field and methods used are as complex ever. Any unnecessary intervention a implies its temporary disconnection from grid. The inability to supply electricity customer means not only financial loss for utility but also generates non-material loss, e.g., reputation customer. Faster, more accurate,...

Within a yearly horizon, transmission system operator needs to schedule the maintenance outages of set lines due for maintenance. Facing this task, two conflicting objectives arise: on one hand, adequacy should be preserved as much possible, and, other market operation altered in least possible manner. To address scheduling problem, bilevel model is proposed whose upper-level problem schedules line pursuing maximum capacity margin. This constrained by lower-level problems that represent...

Wind power generation has reached a significant share in systems worldwide and will continue to increase. As the converter‐connected reduces grid inertia, more interest been given exploiting kinetic energy controllability of variable‐speed wind turbine generators (VSWTGs) for frequency support. Consequently, dynamics are changing. Thus, it is necessary include response plants system (SFR) model. A novel approach low‐order SFR modelling future with high frequency‐support‐capable VSWTGs...

This paper considers the yearly maintenance scheduling of generating units within a market environment. Each producer schedules its units' periods to maximize revenue using bilevel approach. The upper-level problem this model seeks maximum and contains unit constraints, while lower-level problems represent clearing process under different operating conditions. single can be recast as mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC). Since MPECs all producers have considered...

Increasing variability and uncertainty coming from both sides of the power system equilibrium equation, such as wind energy on generation side increasing share new consumers electric vehicles demand side, entail higher reserve requirements. While traditional approaches assigning conventional units to maintain stability can increase operational costs, greenhouse gas emissions, or give signals for investments, utilizing intelligent control distributed sources might mitigate those negative...

Power converter technology partially or fully electrically decouples the wind energy source from grid which results in decrease of system inertia. However, when those units participate virtual inertial response their electromechanical dynamics become coupled to modes. To date, there were no comprehensive studies on how do different elements and parameters a conversion (WECS) impact its provision. This is important standpoint understanding expected farm during frequency containment process as...

The share of renewable energy sources interfaced to the bulk power system through electronic devices is continuously increasing. As a result, systems future face challenges stability and reduced inertia and, maintain low-inertia systems, various concepts grid-forming converter control schemes have been introduced, which enable converters behave similarly traditional synchronous machines. research in this area gaining on importance, sheer amount papers with models for different kinds...

This paper presents a high-level overview of the integration renewable energy sources (RES), primarily wind and solar, into electric power system (EPS) in Croatia. It transmission aspects for particular case this country. explains current situation technical characteristics conventional generation units currently installed capacities. Based on future development scenario is determined used to evaluate impacts wide-scale renewables. Grid connections aspects, balancing, market participation,...

The most commonly used method for including photovoltaic system in the control of frequency is to operate a PV power plant at reduced while maintaining specific amount available reserve. Such operating regime, often referred as de-loaded, can cause additional costs and, consequently, determining required reduction becomes vitally important. This paper introduces minimum de-loaded reserve system. To achieve desired result parabolic approximation response developed derive an explicit function...

The concept of virtual power plant is developed for two prime reasons. First, to diversify the risk not meeting long-term electricity delivery contracts, and secondly achieve better results on market. This paper regards case in which a wind solar are joint together with conventional gas act market as single agent. problem formulated mixed-integer linear programming model incorporates bilateral contracts weekly forecasted hourly prices. aim optimization maximize profit plant. efficiency...

This paper considers market operation of an energy storage unit. The goal is to assess the potentials for revenue and impact a profit-maximizing unit on prices in day-ahead electricity market. It also analyzes performance conventional generators. A bilevel profit maximization model proposed which upper-level problem bidding decision problem, while lower level simulates clearing. applied 24-bus IEEE test system.

Increased wind energy penetration influences the power system dynamic response to transient disturbances. Replacement of conventional production units with converter-connected turbines reduces natural inertia contained in rotational masses synchronously connected turbine-generator units, therefore creating low-inertia systems. Such a transition has an adverse effect on resilience disturbances and capability maintain stable operation. This research examines impact high regional stability case...