Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) that utilizes Fenton-type reactions to convert endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into hydroxyl radicals (•OH) is a promising strategy in anticancer treatment, but the overexpression of glutathione (GSH) and limited H2O2 make efficiency CDT unsatisfactory. Here, an intelligent nanoplatform CuO2@mPDA/DOX-HA (CPPDH), which induced depletion GSH self-supply H2O2, was proposed. When CPPDH entered tumor cells through targeting effect hyaluronic acid (HA), release Cu2+...

A major limitation of existing visible light communication (VLC) systems is the limited modulation bandwidth light-emitting diodes used in such systems. Using adaptive to improve spectral efficiency for radio communications has been well studied. For VLC with various physical layer schemes, however, how works not understood yet. The goal this paper provide an in-depth analysis achievable three different schemes high speed VLC: dc-biased optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing...

This letter focuses on joint user activity and data detection in the uplink grant-free non-orthogonal multiple access systems based approximate message passing (AMP) expectation maximization (EM) algorithms. The proposed Joint-EM-AMP algorithm consists of three steps each iteration. First, AMP decouples superimposed received signal into uncoupled scalar problems. Then, at denoising step, computes posterior means variances transmitted symbols with extended modulation constellation. third step...

In inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging of targets with complex motion such as the high maneuvering airplanes and fluctuating ships oceanic waves, azimuth echo signals can be modeled cubic chirps after translational compensation, then, focusing quality will deteriorated by time-varying chirp rate. this paper, a parameter estimation method is proposed based on discrete Fourier transform (DCFT), which generated from DCFT for quadratic chirps. Several properties are derived, we show...

Abstract Digital coding metasurfaces have been introduced to describe the properties of digitally and provide a new approach link physical world information science. However, most current digital are focused on phase code, limiting their functions applications. Here, concept reflection–transmission (R–T) amplitude code is established, novel for full‐space electromagnetic (EM) manipulations proposed, in which states R–T “0” “1” represent total reflection transmission, respectively. The...

We propose a 3-D elliptic-cylinder unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) channel model for air-to-ground communication environments. The mobility and altitude of UAV transmitters in the elevation plane are studied based on proposed UAV-MIMO model. Furthermore, ground surface roadside environment reflections considered to investigate statistical properties Finally, numerical results show that statistics consistent with previous channels. Overall, model, expressed...

This paper presents 3-D vehicle massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array model for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication environments. A spherical wavefront is assumed in the proposed instead of plane assumption used conventional MIMO channel model. Using V2V model, we first derive closed-form expressions joint and marginal probability density functions angle departure at transmitter arrival receiver azimuth elevation planes. We additionally analyze time frequency...

In this paper, we present a three-dimensional (3-D) wideband geometry-based channel model for multiple-input and multiple-output vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication in tunnel environments. We introduce two-cylinder to describe moving vehicles, as well multiple confocal semi-ellipsoid models depict internal surfaces of walls. The received signal is constructed sum direct line-of-sight propagations, rays with single double interactions. movement between the mobile transmitter receiver...

Metasurfaces (two-dimensional metamaterials) have attracted much attention in recent years. However, due to the symmetric design of its cascaded elements, a traditional transmission-type metasurface must be at least three layers thick achieve high transmission and 360\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{} phase control simultaneously. This study presents an ultrathin Huygens' metasurface, composed double-layer antisymmetric transmitarray that can realize once. Based on this high-gain (3.3%...

Abstract Digital coding metasurface, which provides a new approach to link the physical world and information science, has been quickly developed in recent years. However, all previously reported metasurfaces cannot achieve independent controls of different polarizations both transmission reflection spaces at same time. In this work, reconfigurable anisotropic digital metasurface loaded with electronically controlled PIN diodes is proposed that can independently manipulate not only...

Abstract Metasurface holography has shown great potentials to reconstruct the full‐wave information of electromagnetic (EM) waves, bringing benefits high spatial resolution and good precision reconstructed images. To obtain higher security metasurface holography, orbital‐angular‐momentum (OAM) EM waves is taken into consideration as new freedom holography. The use two coding metasurfaces proposed achieve OAM‐encrypted One used generate different OAM beams with l = ±1 helical mode indices,...

In this article, we propose a three-dimensional (3D) multi-input multi-output (MIMO) channel model for air-to-ground (A2G) communications in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) environments, where the UAV transmitter and ground receiver are motion air on ground, respectively. A novel angular estimation algorithm is proposed to estimate real-time azimuth angle of departure (AAoD), elevation (EAoD), arrival (AAoA), (EAoA) based non-stationary nature model. model, investigate time-varying spatial...

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communications exploiting millimeter wave (mmWave) can satisfy the increasing data rate demands for future wireless networks owing to line-of-sight (LoS) dominated transmission and flexibility. In reality, LoS link be easily severely blocked due poor propagation environments such as tall buildings or trees. To this end, we introduce a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), which passively reflects signals with programmable reflection coefficients, between...

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) consisting of massive passive elements is a promising technology to save the hardware cost and energy consumption, but with challenging channel estimation IRS transmission links. In this letter, low-complexity method first proposed for IRS-enhanced multi-user multiple-input multiple-output systems, which can attain separate state information (CSI) cascaded link. The acquisition CSI contributes flexibility estimations case user mobility. consists...

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), which is composed of a large number low-cost passive elements, has the ability to reflect incident signal independently with an adjustable phase and amplitude shifts, been regarded as key emerging technology for achieving cost-effectively spectrum addressing energy issues in next generation wireless networks. In this paper, we propose general wideband non-stationary channel model IRS-assisted multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication scenarios,...

Polarization control is crucial for tailoring light-matter interactions. Direct manipulation of arbitrarily incident polarized waves could provide more degrees freedom in the design integrated and miniaturized terahertz (THz) devices. Metasurfaces with unprecedented wave capabilities serve as candidates fulfilling this requirement. Here, a kind all-silicon metasurface demonstrated to realize conversion arbitrary polarization states circular THz band through mutual interference monolayer...

Overcoming Kirchhoff's laws to achieve strong nonreciprocity enhances energy harvesting and thermal management. Current magneto-optical (MO) strategies need high magnetic excitation large incident angles, hindering practicality. We designed a graphene-InAs hybrid for significant between absorptivity emissivity at small angles with just 0.16 T, showing practical potential. By tuning graphene's Fermi energy, strength can be adjusted via resonance mode competition. This design offers new...

In this work, we report the design and application of a new ratiometric fluorescent probe, which contains different-colored quantum dots (QDs) as dual fluorophores, ultrathin silica shell spacer, meso-tetra(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphine dihydrochloride (TSPP) receptor, for Zn2+ detection in aqueous solution living cells. architecture our designed plays key roles controlling locations QDs, TSPP, Zn2+, preventing direct contact between QDs but affording fluorescence resonance energy transfer...

Abstract Information metasurfaces, including digital coding and programmable have reformed the design theory of metasurfaces from effective medium to pattern, bridged physical world. Metasurface hologram has shown great potential in imaging manipulating electromagnetic waves. In this work, bilayer information are proposed achieve polarization‐encoded holograms microwave regime. The designed consist 3‐bit spin‐decoupled meta‐atoms, which possess ultrathin profiles (0.14λ 0 ) high...

Since optical links are easily blocked by obstacles in the environment, they have been considered difficult to directly perform wireless communications. However, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), as a new type of digital coding meta-materials, can significantly improve coverage communication establishing links. We propose controllable multi-branch system based on RISs. By setting up multiple RISs artificial channels built performance and reduce outage probability. In this paper, we...

Considering mobile terminals with time-varying velocities and randomly moving clusters, a novel multi-mobility non-stationary wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model for future intelligent vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications is proposed. To describe the non-stationarity of V2X channels, proposed employs acceleration random walk process to motion communication that scattering respectively. The evolution parameters over time stochastic characteristics phase shift...

Channel estimation is one of the main challenges for implementing reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided communication system with a large number antennas at base station (BS) because RIS equipped many passive reflective elements without active transmitting/receiving and signal processing abilities. In this paper, we focus on channel in general RIS-aided multi-user mmWave system. Specifically, novel two-phase scheme consisting on-line off-line phases proposed to estimate BS-RIS...