Evolution of insect resistance to transgenic crops containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) genes is a serious threat the sustainability this technology. However, field related reduced efficacy Bt maize has not been documented in any lepidopteran pest mainland U.S. after 18 years intensive planting. Here we report compelling evidence fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), Cry1F (TC 3507) southeastern region An F2 screen showed surprisingly high (0.293) allele frequency population...

Diaphorina citri vectors pathogens that cause ‘huanglongbing’ or citrus greening disease which poses a serious threat to production worldwide. Vector suppression is critical reduce spread. Efficacy main concern when choosing an insecticide. Insecticidal treatments of 49 products 44 active ingredients (a.i) labeled experimental were field tested between 2005–2013 as foliar sprays (250 treatments, 39 a.i) soil applications (47 9 control D. in citrus. A combined effect nymphal and adult...

Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), vectors the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, one of causal organisms devastating citrus disease "huanglongbing" or greening. In United States, D. was first discovered in Florida, 1998. Tamarixia radiata Waterston (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) imported from Asia and released Florida 1999–2001 to improve biological control before greening detected 2005. groves were surveyed during 2006–2007 for T. radiata. Results showed that...

Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening is a bacterial disease vectored by the Asian psyllid (ACP) causing tree decline, and yield loss. Vector control foliar nutrition are used in Florida to slow spread of HLB mitigate debilitating effects disease. A four year replicated field study was initiated February 2008 5.2-ha commercial block young 'Valencia' orange trees employing factorial design evaluate individual compound vector management nutrition. Insecticides were sprayed during dormancy...

Tomato crops are susceptible to multiple diseases, several of which may be present during the same season. Therefore, rapid disease identification could enhance crop management consequently increasing yield. In this study, nondestructive methods were developed detect diseases that affect tomato crops, such as bacterial spot (BS), target (TS), and yellow leaf curl (TYLC) for two varieties (susceptible tolerant TYLC only) by using hyperspectral sensing in conditions: a) laboratory (benchtop...

Discovery of citrus greening disease or Huanglongbing in Brazil and Florida has elevated the vector psyllid, Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), to key pest status both regions. Detected Puerto Rico within 3 years first detection Florida, psyllid appeared be relatively scarce Island's limited alternate rutaceous host, orange jasmine, Murraya paniculata. Monthly surveys were conducted at 4 locations during 2004 through 2005 evaluate flushing patterns, densities, prevalence parasitism by...

The development of insecticide resistance in Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, populations is a serious threat to the industry. As contribution management strategy, we developed glass vial technique monitor field psyllid for resistance. Diagnostic concentrations needed separate susceptible genotypes from resistant individuals were determined cypermethrin (0.5 μg per vial), malathion (1.0 diazinon carbaryl carbofuran (0.1 methomyl propoxur endosulfan imidacloprid acetamiprid...

Remote sensing and machine learning (ML) could assist support growers, stakeholders, plant pathologists determine diseases resulting from viral, bacterial, fungal infections. Spectral vegetation indices (VIs) have shown to be helpful for the indirect detection of diseases. The purpose this study was utilize ML models identify VIs downy mildew (DM) disease in watermelon several severity (DS) stages, including low, medium (levels 1 2), high, very high. Hyperspectral images leaves were...

Abstract The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is considered a key pest due to its role as vector of ‘huanglongbing’ (HLB) or greening, probably the most economically damaging disease citrus. Insecticidal control still cornerstone HLB management prevent infection and reduce reinoculation infected trees. severity has driven implementation intensive insecticide programs against ACP with unknown side effects on beneficial arthropod fauna in agroecosystems. We evaluated...

The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama is a key pest of due to its role as vector greening disease or “huanglongbing.” ACP monitoring considered an indispensable tool for management and disease. In the present study, datasets collected between 2009 2013 from 245 blocks were used evaluate precision, sensitivity detection, efficiency five sampling methods. number samples needed reach 0.25 standard error-mean ratio was estimated using Taylor’s power law compare precision...

Previous studies have shown that the fastidious bacterial plant pathogen 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (CLso) is transmitted circulatively and propagatively by potato psyllid (PoP) Bactericera cockerelli. In this study, temporal spatial interrelationships between CLso PoP were investigated scanning electron microscopy of digestive system immature adult instars salivary glands adults post ingestion. biofilms not detectable on outer midgut surface first second instars; however, for...

Abstract The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), vector of the pathogen causing Huanglongbing disease, is currently most devastating pest citrus. Despite intensive control efforts, disease continues to spread. typically relies on tactile, visual, and odor cues for host selection. By combining an irritant (kaolin clay), a visual masking (red or blue dye), true repellents, we aim repel D. from trees. In laboratory conditions, conducted closed‐cage...

The Asian Citrus Psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is a serious pest of citrus in many citrus-producing regions. It vectors the bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' thought to be causal agent devastating "Huanglongbing" (HLB) or greening disease. Both and disease are well established Florida. Several insect predators, particularly lady beetles parasitoid Tamarixia radiata (Waterston) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), known cause significant mortality ACP...

Abstract BACKGROUND: The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a cosmopolitan insect pest of and vectors the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, suspected causal organism greening or ‘huanglongbing’ disease. Aldicarb 150 g kg −1 GR (Temik ® 15 G) was evaluated at three rates, two placements timings for ACP control in orange trees. RESULTS: Application aldicarb 5.6, 2.8 1.4 AI ha March 2006 reduced adults by 58–66%, 45–46% 25–37%...

Traditional foliar spray and soil drench applications of crop protection compounds have been ineffective at managing huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus. Trunk injection is a technique that delivers directly into the tree vasculature, which optimizes compound availability while minimizing drift, runoff, damage to non-target organisms. Five-year-old HLB-affected ‘Valencia’ sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) trees were injected with insecticide imidacloprid or antibacterial oxytetracycline October 2020...

Highlights An AI-enabled web application was developed to classify insects on sticky traps. The AI models were trained images exposed real environmental conditions. Automated insect identification can enhance integrated pest management. This technology could be used in other applications. Abstract. Huanglongbing (HLB) disease has had a devastating impact several citrus production areas across the world. is associated with three phloem-limited bacteria of Candidatus Liberibacter group, which...

In the High Plains of western Kansas, USA, convergent lady beetle Hippodamia convergens Guérin completes a spring generation feeding on cereal aphids in winter wheat before leaving fields large numbers around time harvest. late May, aggregations coccinellids form wild sunflowers, Helianthus annuus, and certain other weeds, that appear to serve as important sources water absorption for beetles, beneficial insects, during dry prairie summer. Adult beetles were collected from sunflower plants...

Imidacloprid (IMD) is a neonicotinoid insecticide soil-drenched on sandy soils of southwest Florida for the control Diaphorina citri Kuwayama or Asian citrus psyllid (ACP). The ACP vectors causal pathogens devastating disease called greening. Understanding behavior IMD in these and plants critical to its performance against target pests. Samples from Immokalee fine sand (IFS) were used sorption kinetics equilibria experiments. data described by one-site mass transfer (OSMT) model reached...