A5090656271- Behavioral and Psychological Studies
- Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Family and Disability Support Research
- Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Image Enhancement Techniques
- Biomedical and Engineering Education
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Latin American Urban Studies
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Product Development and Customization
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Diatoms and Algae Research
- Cambodian History and Society
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Middle East Politics and Society
University of Nebraska Medical Center
2016-2025
Nebraska Medical Center
2016-2025
Center for Autism and Related Disorders
2012-2023
University of Toronto
2022
Stanford University
2016-2019
Arista (United States)
2016
California Wellness Foundation
2016
Western New England University
2010-2014
University of Kansas
2010-2014
New England College
2010-2011
Although technology is a major driver of many society's comforts, conveniences, and advances, it has been responsible, in significant way, for engineering regular physical activity number other positive health behaviors out people's daily lives. A key question concerns how to harness information communication technologies bring about changes the promotion field. One such approach involves community-engaged “citizen science,” which local residents leverage potential foster data-driven...
Ecological validity refers to how closely an experiment aligns with real-world phenomena. In applied behavioral research, ecological may guide decisions about experimental settings, stimuli, people, and other design features. However, inconsistent use of the term in published literature has led a somewhat disjointed technology. The purposes this paper were review current uses "ecological validity" Journal Applied Behavior Analysis, propose ways make study more ecologically valid, develop...
Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder are at high risk of being bullied, but research on teaching children self-protection skills for bullying situations is scant. We taught five two types (threats and unkind remarks) consecutive occurrences. first evaluated behavioral training a textual prompt to teach report threats physical or material harm, provide disapproving statement after remark, occupy themselves an activity away from bully second remark. Additional tactics were...
Of the diagnostic features of autism, relatively little research has been devoted to restricted and repetitive behavior, particularly topographically complex forms behavior such as rigidity in routines or compulsive-like (e.g., arranging objects patterns rows). Like vocal motor stereotypy, may be associated with negative outcomes interference skill acquisition, social consequences, severe problem interruption behavior. In present study, we extended functional analysis methodology assessment...
The preschool life skills (PLS) program (Hanley, Heal, Tiger, & Ingvarsson, 2007; Luczynski Hanley, 2013) involves teaching social as a means of decreasing and preventing problem behavior. However, achieving durable outcomes children transition across educational settings depend on the generalization long‐term maintenance those skills. purpose this study was to evaluate procedures for promoting functional communication self‐control 6 children. When children's decreased repeated...
While promoting active commuting to school can positively affect children's daily physical activity levels, effectively engaging community members maximize program impact remains challenging. We evaluated the initial utility of adding a technology-enabled citizen science engagement model, called Our Voice, standard Safe Routes School (SRTS) enhance activities and student travel mode behavior. In Investigation 1, prospective controlled comparison design was used compare year Santa Clara...
Convergent intraverbals represent a specific type of intraverbal in which multiple components one speaker's verbal behavior control response from another speaker (e.g., Speaker 1: What wooly, horned animal lives the high country? 2: Bighorn sheep). To foster development advanced language, Sundberg and (2011) proposed prerequisite skills that may engender emergence novel, convergent intraverbals. We used multiple‐probe design with both nonconcurrent (across participants) concurrent stimulus...
This study assessed children's and caregivers' preferences for various arrangements of negative reinforcement, including differential reinforcement an alternative behavior (DNRA), noncontingent escape (NCE), extinction. In the first treatment comparison, DNRA NCE treatments similarly decreased problem behavior, but all 3 children preferred DNRA. By contrast, 4 caregivers extinction, likely due to increased compliance in this condition. a second comparision with 1 child, multiple schedule...
The current study presents a method for assessing the relative effects of attention and escape on noncompliance in preschoolers. Attention conditions were alternated multielement design, contingency reversal procedure, which one test condition served as control other, was used to demonstrate control. For all 3 participants, maintained, at least part, by social attention. Functional analyses such described here may be valuable developing function-based treatments.
Abstract A functional analysis showed that a 14‐year‐old boy with Asperger syndrome displayed perseverative speech (or “restricted interests”) reinforced by attention. To promote appropriate in turn‐taking format, we implemented differential reinforcement (DR) of nonperseverative and DR on‐topic within multiple schedule stimuli signaled the contingencies effect who was to select topic. Both treatments reduced speech, but only increased turn taking during conversation. Treatment effects were...
We taught three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder to request help using an interrupted chain procedure during which we manipulated task materials such that the child was either incapable or capable of independently completing a link behavior chain. initially observed undesirable generalization requests for trials when teaching introduced two participants and lesser extent third participant. However, repeated exposure differential prompting reinforcement across trials,...
Intraverbal tacts are an example of multiply controlled verbal behavior. More specifically, they responses under control both a nonverbal (visual) stimulus (e.g., green ball) and (auditory) "What color?" vs. shape?"). Studies have shown that behavior training can be arranged in way would lead to the emergence other operants, including (convergent) intraverbals. Our study sought evaluate relevance specific set component skills on intraverbal children with autism spectrum disorder. were...
The effects of a history differential reinforcement for selecting free-choice versus restricted-choice stimulus arrangement on the subsequent responding 7 undergraduates in computer-based game chance were examined using concurrent-chains and multiple-baseline-across-participants design. In arrangement, participants selected three numbers, any order, from an array eight numbers presented computer screen. order preselected by program. initial sessions, all demonstrated no consistent preference...
We evaluated the efficacy of a procedure that incorporated mirror to teach gross motor imitation with 2‐year‐old boy who had been diagnosed autistic disorder. Responses taught were acquired more quickly than responses without and maintained after was removed. These data indicate can facilitate acquisition imitation.
Importance: Forgiveness interventions have been shown in prior randomized trials to reduce depression and anxiety symptoms. Most such require trained therapists, limiting scalability. Objective: To determine whether a brief self-directed forgiveness workbook intervention could alter forgiveness, symptoms, Design: A multi-site waitlist-controlled trial was conducted among 4,598 participants. Recruitment occurred from February 11, 2020 September 30, 2021. Final follow-up occured October 25,...
Abstract Rodriguez et al. (2022) discovered that teaching four component skills was sufficient to facilitate the emergence of intraverbal tacts across applications with three participants. Our study replicated and evaluated an extension this procedure directed at facilitating when a child learns but continues fail produce tacts. The consisted procedures enhance divergent control exerted by auditory stimulus (i.e., question) discriminability joint control. Intraverbal emerged for all...
Restricted and repetitive behavior (RRB) is more pervasive, prevalent, frequent, severe in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) than their typical peers. One subtype of RRB restricted interests items or activities, which evident the manner engage (e.g., repetitious wheel spinning), types activities they select preoccupation a phone book), range (i.e., narrow items). We sought to describe relation between teacher presentation items. Overall, we observed 5 teachers interacting 2...
Under naturally occurring conditions, the individual who is target of aggression likely to physically react evade aggressor and avoid physical harm. Like other forms attention that occur following problem behavior, reactions may maintain behavior. However, evaluating effects complicated by issues related therapists' ability consistently safely control their reactions, which prove difficult achieve in functional analyses. We evaluated utility a concurrent‐operant analysis test behavioral...
Abstract Autoclitics are secondary verbal operants that controlled by a feature of the conditions occasion or evoke primary operant such as tact mand. Qualifying autoclitics extend, negate, assert speaker's response and modify intensity direction listener's behavior. Howard Rice (1988) established indicated weak stimulus control (e.g., “like [primary tact]”) with four neurotypical preschool children. However, generalization to newly acquired tacts was limited. In Experiment 1, we addressed...
Despite its advantages, discrete‐trial instruction (DTI) has been criticized for producing rote responding. Although there is little research supporting this claim, if true, may be problematic given the propensity of children with autism to engage in restricted and repetitive behavior. One feature that common DTI contribute responding prompting reinforcement one correct response per discriminative stimulus. To evaluate potential negative effects prompts on varied responding, we compared...
Abstract Elopement can have serious or fatal consequences associated with leaving the presence of an adult getting lost (e.g., traffic injury and drowning). Given dangers elopement, caregivers are likely to chase after their child when elopement occurs. Like other forms attention that follow problem behavior, chasing retrieving may serve as a reinforcer therefore maintain elopement. However, no study date has evaluated whether is sensitive positive reinforcement in form chase. We effects on...