The electrical resistivity of cement-based materials can be used in quality control or service life prediction as an indicator the fluid transport properties these materials. Although tests have advantage being easy and rapid to perform, several key factors influence results: (a) specimen geometry, (b) temperature, (c) sample storage conditioning. This paper addresses issues compares measurements from commercially available testing devices. First, role geometry is explained with use three...

Many agencies are interested in using a rapid test method for measuring the electrical properties of concrete (i.e., resistivity or conductivity) because can be related to fluid transport (e.g., ion diffusion). The advantage testing is that it relatively easy perform, and fast (it takes less than minute). Over past century, many studies have investigated different approaches properties. This paper describes variability associated with bulk along longitudinal axis cylinder after placing...

Abstract For the prediction of concrete performance, it is often beneficial to know volume pores in concrete. ASTM C642-13 [Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids Hardened Concrete, Annual Book Standards, International, West Conshohocken, PA] was originally introduced 1969 as a “standard test method density, absorption voids hardened concrete.” This technical note will compare total pore (voids) obtained using with that vacuum saturation typical bridge deck suggests may...

In the present work, mortar beams reinforced with polymeric reinforcing elements are manufactured using Polylactic acid (PLA), inspired by crack propagation deflecting architectures found in nature such as Sinusoidal and Bouligand architectures. Mechanical flexural properties of studied compared that an architecture parallel to direction tensile stress well non-reinforced beams. Furthermore, reinforcement configuration ratio designed principles from mechanics materials. A Digital Image...

Internal curing has emerged over the last decade as an approach to counteract negative effects associated with self-desiccation in low water-to-cement ratio (w/c) mixtures. Specifically, much of early research on internal focused reduction autogenous shrinkage. Recent work demonstrated, however, that can also be beneficial reducing drying-shrinkage cracking, propensity for thermal fluid absorption, and ion diffusion concrete. However, several aspects still require closer examination. One...

The drying of cementitious materials can be influenced by the properties fluid in pores. While there are numerous studies on drying, very few explicitly focus pore fluid. This work investigates influence deicing salts change that cause surface tension and viscosity is described this study as a function concentration temperature. As relatively limited number measurements have been reported literature, it difficult to describe over wide range concentrations or temperatures. To overcome...

Abstract The number of people wanting to use electrical tests determine the transport properties concrete has increased with advancements in portability hand-held testing devices. Electrical measurements are an attractive test method quantify cement-based materials since they can be performed rapidly. There is a high potential for using these quality control or mixture qualification. However, significantly influenced by curing and storage conditions, which impact degree saturation,...

Abstract Electrical resistivity measurements are increasingly being used as for concrete acceptance in practice. It has been shown that these sensitive to temperature. This paper examines the influence of temperature on electrical concrete. Two correction approaches commonly by researchers and practitioners were evaluated: a linear approach (α) an activation energy–based (Ea-cond). These compared with each other their predictive capabilities assessed using measured data from various...

Concrete pavement durability in the United States is an important characteristic that owners are considering new construction and rehabilitation projects, many including tests next generation of their specifications. Specifically, focus has fallen on electrically based testing owing to its rapid time economical equipment. Results from have also been shown be good inputs service life models can correlate with a wide range other material properties used understand how ions fluid transported...

Abstract Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is a class of materials that has received significant attention from the infrastructure community due to its favorable mechanical and durability performance. As use UHPC in projects becoming more common, there an increasing interest identifying appropriate testing techniques assess properties UHPC-class materials. The dense microstructure presence high concentration fiber reinforcement have made it difficult rely on existing standard approaches...

Internally cured (IC) concrete is frequently produced in North America using pre-wetted lightweight aggregate (LWA). One important aspect associated with the production of quality IC accurate determination moisture content, including absorbed and surface LWA. Knowledge content enables corrections to be made for mixture, thereby enabling an water-to-cement ratio maintained. Two methods determining LWA include specified ASTM C1761-13b “paper towel method” a method that uses centrifuge (Miller,...

Abstract In construction, additive manufacturing (AM) can be used to create structural or non-structural elements, such as frameworks, reinforcement, panels. However, AM technology still requires enhancements for the mechanical response of final 3D printed elements accommodate needs components. This paper evaluates various process parameters and bioinspired printing patterns improve performance polymeric elements. processes, including speed nozzle diameter, are studied. Bioinspired patterns,...

This paper describes the use of three experimental methods to detect shrinkage cracking in restrained ring specimens. These include monitoring strain at inner surface restraining steel ring, using passive acoustic emission, and measuring electrical resistance conductive materials that are applied mortar. The for detecting compared their advantages limitations discussed. Both plain fiber reinforced (2% by volume) mortar were evaluated this study. time through detected corresponds visible...