Journal Article Landform Effects on Ecosystem Patterns and Processes: Geomorphic features of the earth's surface regulate distribution organisms processes Get access F. J. Swanson, Swanson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. K. Kratz, Kratz N. Caine, Caine R. G. Woodmansee BioScience, Volume 38, Issue 2, February 1988, Pages 92–98, https://doi.org/10.2307/1310614 Published: 01 1988

It has been suggested that the major advantage of trichromatic over dichromatic colour vision in primates is enhanced detection red/yellow food items such as fruit against dappled foliage forest. This hypothesis was tested by comparing foraging ability and Geoffroy's marmosets (Callithrix geoffroyi) for orange- green-coloured cereal balls (Kix) a naturalized captive setting. Trichromatic found significantly greater number orange, but not green, Kix than when were scattered on floor cage (at...

Abstract We characterize the seasonal variation in geochemical and isotopic content of outflow Green Lake 5 rock glacier (RG5), located Lakes Valley Colorado Front Range, USA. Between June August, does not appear to differ substantially from that other surface waters Valley. Thus, for this alpine ecosystem at time year there be large differences water quality among outflow, blockslope discharge, discharge small catchments. However, September concentrations Mg 2+ increased more than 900 µeq L...

Two separate processes are shown to be involved in accumulation on talus. Direct free fall from the cliff gives amounts which decrease with distance downslope foot. Accumulation and redistribution by slush avalanching then reverse this trend give a depositional layer, thickness of increases directly distance. These two can shown, means simulation model, capable accounting for form Increasing relative importance avalanche model leads an increase length basal concave segment slope.

ABSTRACT Information about the internal structure of rock glaciers is needed to understand their reaction ongoing climate warming. Three different geophysical techniques—shallow seismic refraction, ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) and electrical resistivity tomography—were used develop a detailed subsurface model Green Lake 5 glacier in Colorado Front Range, USA. Below thin zone fine sediments soils (0.7 – 1‐m thickness; 0 20 kΩm 320 370 m s −1 ), 1 3‐m thick with low p‐wave velocities (790...

Abstract Research has shown that visual depictions of nonhuman animals in anthropomorphic settings can foster beliefs wild make good pets and are safe the wild. These may develop due to repeated exposure images, but no study experimentally demonstrated this. Slideshows which ratio images natural varied for three animal species were created. After viewing one slideshows, participants rated species’ “pet suitability” endangerment status. People who saw mostly reported higher pet suitability...

Abstract Here we characterize the nutrient content in outflow of Green Lake 5 rock glacier, located Lakes Valley Colorado Front Range. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was present all samples with a mean concentration 0·85 mg L −1 . A one‐way analysis variance test shows no statistical difference DOC amounts among surface waters ( p = 0·42). Average nitrate concentrations were 69 µmoles compared to 7 snow and 25 rain. Nitrate from glacier generally increased time, maximum 135 October, highest...

Abstract Personality ratings of ten adolescent pig‐tailed macaques ( Macaca nemestrina ) were carried out by three experienced observers who used a simple three‐point rating system. A modification Stevenson‐Hinde & Zunz's [1978] procedure, the agreement between raters on each 21 traits was evaluated. When correlated with social rank, it shown that dominant animals rated as being, for example, confident, effective, and opportunistic. Subordinant monkeys insecure dependent. Rank...

Visual scanning of the environment was studied in two captive groups red-bellied tamarins ( Saguinus labiatus ). The scanned throughout day, but rates were highest just after arising and prior to retiring. Scanning increased following presentation threatening stimuli, hidden objects more likely be discovered at times when high. These data support contention that visual is a form vigilance which has important anti-predator functions for tamarins.

Most New World monkey species have both dichromatic and trichromatic individuals present in the same population. The selective forces acting to maintain variation are hotly debated relevant evolution of ‘routine’ colour vision found catarrhine primates. While trichromats a foraging advantage for red food compared with dichromats, visual tasks which dichromats perform better received less attention. Here we examine effects light intensity on success among marmosets. We find that outperform...

In chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), left-handed individuals are less likely than right-handed to explore new objects situations, suggesting a relationship between the hemispheric specialization of emotional states motor function. To further this test hypothesis that fearfulness is related hand preference, we assessed willingness approach, sniff, taste novel foods, duration freeze reactions in response hawk calls, 18 Geoffroy's geoffroyi). accordance...

ABSTRACT Sample analysis of surface material on dolerite taluses shows that there is no consistent variation in block size and sorting with position the slope. Fabric patterns are usually isotropic although a sub-horizontal girdle indicated by some methods analysis. These results accord hypothesis talus an accumulation little affected other geomorphic processes.

Fuller investigation of the blockstreams Toolong Range has substantiated previous interpretation them as part a periglacial morphogenetic system Upper Pleistocene age.rhovement with interstitial ice matrix.Periglacial solifluction blocks in fine matrix appears to have been less important than This makes akin rock glaciers, though their meagre thickness must prevented thern moving identical manner.Wood Nothofagus cf.cunninghamii quartz gravel beneath head one was dated by C-14 33,000 B.c.,...

Abstract Signals that are functionally referential provide listeners with information about a signaler’s external environment, such as the presence of nearby predator. Just alarm calls may signal predator, food‐associated food. To date, however, only conclusive evidence conspecifics perceive food from comes single species, domestic chicken. Geoffroy’s marmosets, small, arboreal New World primates, often emit when finding or consuming We presented playbacks and control sounds to two groups...

Adult and subadult red-bellied tamarins (Saguinus labiatus) were tested for responses to the odors of predatory non-predatory neotropical mammals. Methylene chloride extracts feces jaguar (Panthera onca), margay (Fel/s wiedi), jaguarundi (Herpailurus yagouaroundi), tapir (Tapirus terrestris), paca (Cuniculus paca), agouti (Dasyprocta fuliginosa) presented on wooden dowels in their enclosures. Untreated treated with methylene served as controls. Chemicals from predators elicited more sniffing...

Abstract Frequent references are made to presumed antipredator adaptations exhibited by callitrichids, but there very few systematic investigations of these behaviors. One set untested presumptions stems from observations that callitrichids become especially vigilant and cryptic prior retirement each evening. This hypothesis was tested in the current study quantifying rates vocalizations extragroup behavior at various times day. Using two groups captive red‐bellied tamarins, it demonstrated...

Dry deposition of atmospheric nitrogen gas and aerosol species was estimated for the alpine tundra Niwot Ridge, 3525 m elevation in Colorado Rockies. Comparisons, 4 month long growing season remaining 8 months year, were made with wet throughfall incident measurements taken during 1987‐1989. N to is be equal or slightly greater than its deposition. During mid‐May mid‐September season, >1.0 mg −2 d −1 directly from atmosphere a similar amount contributed indirectly as NO 3 ‐N snowmelt...