A5010625810- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Energy and Environment Impacts
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Peatlands and Wetlands Ecology
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Anaerobic Digestion and Biogas Production
- Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Agricultural Innovations and Practices
- Rangeland Management and Livestock Ecology
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Food Waste Reduction and Sustainability
- Phosphorus and nutrient management
- Agricultural risk and resilience
- Sustainable Development and Environmental Policy
- Agriculture, Land Use, Rural Development
- Arsenic contamination and mitigation
- Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Agriculture
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Climate Change Communication and Perception
Cornell University
2014-2024
Atkins (United States)
2018-2023
Digital Science (United States)
2023
New York State College of Agriculture & Life Sciences
2019-2021
Cornell Atkinson Center for Sustainability
2014
Swansea University
2010
Production of biochar (the carbon (C)-rich solid formed by pyrolysis biomass) and its storage in soils have been suggested as a means abating climate change sequestering carbon, while simultaneously providing energy increasing crop yields. Substantial uncertainties exist, however, regarding the impact, capacity sustainability at global level. In this paper we estimate maximum sustainable technical potential to mitigate change. Annual net emissions dioxide (CO2), methane nitrous oxide could...
Land-based climate mitigation measures have gained significant attention and importance in public private sector policies. Building on previous studies, we refine update the potentials for 20 land-based >200 countries five regions, comparing "bottom-up" sectoral estimates with integrated assessment models (IAMs). We also assess implementation feasibility at country level. Cost-effective (available up to $100/tCO2 eq) is 8-13.8 GtCO2 eq yr-1 between 2020 2050, bottom end of this range...
Stabilizing the global climate within safe bounds will require greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to reach net zero a few decades. Achieving this is expected removal of CO2 from atmosphere offset some hard-to-eliminate emissions. There is, therefore, clear need for GHG accounting protocols that quantify mitigation impact practices, such as biochar sequestration, have potential be deployed at scale. Here, we developed methodology application mineral soils using simple parameterizations and...
Abstract Restricting global warming below 2 °C to avoid catastrophic climate change will require atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR). Current integrated assessment models (IAMs) and Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change scenarios assume that CDR within the energy sector would be delivered using bioenergy with capture storage (BECCS). Although bioenergy-biochar systems (BEBCS) can also deliver CDR, they are not included in any IPCC scenario. Here we show despite BECCS offering twice...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) models currently in widespread use omit known microbial processes, and assume the existence of a SOC pool whose intrinsic properties confer persistence for centuries to millennia, despite evidence from priming aggregate turnover that cast doubt on with profound stability. Here we show by including interactions model, can be explained as feedback between substrate availability, mineral protection population size, without invoking an unproven is intrinsically stable...
Coproduction of biofuels with biochar (the carbon-rich solid formed during biomass pyrolysis) can provide carbon-negative bioenergy if the is sequestered in soil, where it improve fertility and thus simultaneously address issues food security, soil degradation, energy production, climate change. However, increasing production entails a reduction obtainable per unit feedstock. Quantification this trade-off for specific biochar-biofuel pathways has been hampered by lack an accurate-yet-simple...
Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a vital role in global cycling and sequestration, underpinning the need for comprehensive understanding of its distribution controls. This study explores importance various covariates on SOC spatial at both local (up to 1.25 km) continental (USA) scales using deep learning approach. Our findings highlight significant terrain attributes predicting concentration with terrain, contributing approximately one-third overall prediction scale. At scale, climate is...
Food-insecure households in many countries depend on international aid to alleviate acute shocks and chronic shortages. Some food security programmes (including Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Program–PSNP – which provides a case study for this article) have integrated exchange labour public works reduce long-term dependence by investing the productive capacity resilience of communities. Using approach, Ethiopia has embarked upon an ambitious national programme land restoration sustainable...
Abstract Global warming necessitates urgent action to reduce carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions and remove CO from the atmosphere. Biochar, a type of carbonized biomass which can be produced crop residues (CRs), offers promising solution for removal (CDR) when it is used sequester photosynthetically fixed that would otherwise have been returned atmospheric through respiration or combustion. However, high‐resolution spatially explicit maps CR resources their capacity climate change mitigation...
The opportunity of agricultural management practices to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC) is recognized as an important strategy for mitigating climate change. However, there low confidence when it comes understanding the magnitude benefit we can expect from SOC sequestration or how best achieve it. Several issues are often confounded mitigation potential and greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions agriculture, creating confusion making difficult clearly identify knowns, unknowns risks...
Biological and thermochemical sanitization of source-separated human solid waste (HSW) are effective technologies for unsewered communities. While both methods capable fecal pathogen sterilization, the agronomically-beneficial properties sanitized between remains unclear. Therefore, this study compared recovery quality soil amendments produced by compostation, torrefaction, pyrolysis HSW, established their financial value, quantified tradeoffs product value conversion efficiency. Temperature...
Crop residue burning is a common practice in many parts of the world that causes air pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Regenerative practices return residues to soil offer 'no burn' pathway for addressing while building organic carbon (SOC). Nevertheless, GHG emissions rice-based agricultural systems are complex difficult anticipate, particularly production contexts with highly variable hydrologic conditions. Here we predict long-term net fluxes four rice management strategies...
Abstract Despite its long history of technological development, much charcoal production still relies on polluting and inefficient technologies utilizing traditional kiln designs. In addition to the need for improved systems, growing interest globally in pyrolysis biomass generate biochar as a soil fertility improver climate change mitigation may drive an increasing demand such technologies. Accordingly, there is clear developing countries access safe, affordable, efficient open‐source...