This study focuses on multiple masculinities conceptualized in terms of sociality, a concept used to refer nonsexual interpersonal attractions. Through male homosocial heterosexual interactions, hegemonic masculinity is maintained as the norm which men are held accountable despite individual conceptualizations that depart from norm. When it understood among circles means being emotionally detached and competitive involves viewing women sexual objects, their daily interactions help perpetuate...

Recent research shows that women faculty members in academia continue to face systemic barriers opportunity and advancement these are particularly strong science engineering, university administration. University administrators members, however, have been slow recognize systemically gendered will be reduced or eliminated order for advance their careers. One key problem is many, if not most, leaders powerful decision-making roles universities embrace women-centred explanations gender...

Growing awareness of the underrepresentation women in male-dominated fields like science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), has inspired universities across United States to examine more carefully their strategies for recruiting, retaining, promoting students faculty. To do so required assembling personnel organize execute data collection, analyses, interpretation. Not surprisingly, faculty are primary participants this type work. We process creating a status report at Iowa State...

The promise of small business ownership as a route to equality has yet be realized. authors draw from social construction perspectives and detailed data set model directly the various options individuals must balance—as owners family members—in course running their businesses. authors’ findings suggest that gendered structural constraints exist not only in labor markets which people work before becoming but also “closer home” terms decisions they make about whether try use achieve more...

Movement into academic science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields has been slow for women minorities. Not only are minorities underrepresented in STEM careers, there is strong evidence that many departments resistant to addressing the concerns keep them from entering careers these fields. In light of recent controversies surrounding issues, this volume, examining reasons persistence barriers block full participation advancement groups sciences how universities can remedy...

Studies about women’s underrepresentation in the U.S. science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) academic workforce have flourished past decade. Much of this research focuses on institutionalized gender barriers implicit biases, consistent with theorizing how work organizations disproportionately benefit men, white people, other systemically advantaged groups. But to what extent do faculty most likely disadvantaged by systematic inequities actually perceive “barriers” equity...

The authors explore how urban versus rural community location shapes the extent to which various individual, relational, and structural factors affect gender gap in small business success. Building on previous research success, queuing theories, gendered organization/institution they develop a place-specific theory of findings, based data collected Iowa (1995 1997), support arguments raise questions about effectiveness crowded-sector explanations. They indicate that success operates such...

Analyzing data on classified employees working in 18 departments a university, this paper uses hierarchical linear models to explore the effects of social context workers' job satisfaction. Drawing organizational demographers' claims that satisfying relations workplace have demographic sources and workers are more satisfied demographically homogeneous work units, we examine department-level sex race heterogeneity feelings about their jobs. Our results show satisfaction levels lower sex-...

Purpose Supporting the advancement of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in ways that help to ensure health, prosperity, welfare security nation has been central mission US National Science Foundation (NSF) since 1950, year Congress created agency. Preparing a highly qualified diverse STEM workforce plays role supporting this mission. The paper aims discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Over past several decades, many positive steps have taken throughout...

Abstract Building on previous theory and research, we propose a “structural relational” view of the sex gap in small business success. Our findings, based analyses data from 423 owners Iowa, show support for our model suggest that links between owners, social relational processes, structure, success operate differently depending industry location owner's sex. Results also indicate has direct indirect effects This finding suggests relations, organizations, institutions are all gendered ways...

Previous research suggests that the quality of men's work group social relations varies depending on sex composition unit. studies also suggest men derive different benefits from working with other than women and higher status associated masculinity advantages in their workers. tell us little, however, about extent to which depends how well a man fits dominant stereotypes. Drawing gender constructionist approaches I investigate this study effects individual similarity stereotypes affective...

This study examines the effects of religion on preference for a patriarchal family, one in which husband makes decisions while wife is subservient to him. The both religious fundamentalism and personal religiosity are considered using survey adults Southwestern city. analysis reveals strong positive direct effect adherence fundamentalist doctrine support but no religiosity. An interaction these two variables, reported some other studies family issues, not found. equal magnitude age, greater...

Understanding how space is used in gendered social practice crucial to gender constructionists' theorizing and research. Gendered socio-spatial practices help explain power asymmetries between women men carry over from one setting the next. In this article we integrate research on an examination of female male customers, employees food drink establishment owners structure, occupy, use control physical symbolic routine 'public' places. practices, argue, occur not only space; they utilize,...

This paper describes two teaching strategies from our workshop, “Teaching the Sociology of Gender and Work,” that can help students understand mechanisms consequences workplace gender inequality at macro- micro-levels. Cynthia Anderson's class project uses wage sex composition data allows to learn actively how are used study general trends changes over time. It encourages explore reality their possible careers fields in terms wages, proportion women men, other factors. Sharon Bird's exercise...

Our work contributes to research on variation in role-taking by investigating changes perceptions of ability over time as a result exposure situations and activities typically associated with others; that is, we investigate how “walking others' shoes” individuals' ability. Using sample newly married couples, examine the effects participation nonnormative domains such perceptions. We suggest more husbands participate household labor activities, they will perceive can role-take their wives;...

This study investigated the extent to which social trust affects consumers’food safety opinions. Additionally, it examined determinants of in governmental agencies and advocacy groups responsible for food safety. It also relationships between The data came from a survey administered by mail 289 adults Minneapolis/Minnesota metropolitan area. results show support conceptual distinction worry concern, which, respectively, reflect emotional cognitive consumer risk assessments. Social...

Growing awareness of the underrepresentation women in male-dominated fields like science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM), has inspired universities across United States to examine more carefully their strategies for recruiting, retaining, promoting students faculty. To do so required assembling personnel organize execute data collection, analyses, interpretation. Not surprisingly, faculty are primary participants this type work. We process creating a status report at Iowa State...

On the basis of analysis student responses to a case study titled “Drinks and Dinner,” authors evaluate pedagogical potential using constructive controversy studies teach about inequality. Dinner” is designed capture complexity social interactions that defy simple solutions engage students in increasingly sophisticated discussions subtle gender bias practical contingencies power workplace. Having taught several times two distinct institutional cultures, use reactions this classroom exercise...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine two types departmental interventions focused on creating healthier and more equitable academic departments as well enhancing faculty members’ capacity for collective dialogue, goals work. Both were informed by the “dual-agenda” approach targeted units over a prolonged period. Design/methodology/approach This uses variety qualitative quantitative data (including National Science Foundation (NSF) ADVANCE indicator data) assess potential...