Software testers are confronted with great challenges in testing Web Services (WS) especially when integrating to services owned by other vendors. They must deal the diversity of implementation techniques used and meet a wide range test requirements. However, they lack software artifacts, means control over executions observation on internal behavior services. An automated technique be developed capable on-the-fly nonintrusively nondisruptively. Addressing these problems, this paper proposes...

Purpose The rapid innovation of artificial intelligence (AI) technology promotes the prosperity AI product market. However, consumers seem to have negative attitudes (e.g. prejudice, aversion) toward products and services. Those are rooted in fear that might replace humans. authors thus propose turning image from substitutes facilitators can alleviate identity threat perception. This paper aims examine how (facilitators vs substitutes) influences consumer evaluation explores underlying...

Abstract This paper surveys the research on power management techniques for high‐performance systems. These include both commercial clusters and scientific computing (HPC) Power consumption has rapidly risen to an intolerable scale. results in high operating costs failure rates so it is now a major cause concern. It imposed new challenges development of In this paper, we first review basic mechanisms that underlie techniques. Then survey two fundamental management: metrics profiling. After...

Being autonomous, proactive and adaptive, an agent-based system may demonstrate emergent behaviours, which are neither designed by the developers nor expected users of system. Whether or not such behaviours advantageous, methods for specification agent must be developed to enable software engineers analyse systems before they implemented. This paper presents a formal language SLABS systems. It is model-based defined based on notion agents as encapsulations data, operations behaviours. The...

This paper presents an agent-based software environment for testing Web-based applications. The infrastructure of the system consists a light weight agent platform that supports communication, ontology enables flexible integration multiple agents, and formalism using XML to represent both basic compound concepts ontology. Relations between are defined their properties analysed. A number agents implemented perform various tasks in Broker use as means inferences manage knowledge about assign...

Generation of adequate test cases is difficult and expensive, especially for testing software systems whose input structurally complex. This paper presents an approach called data mutation to generating a large number from few seed cases. It inspired by methods, but differs them in the aim way that operators are defined used. While method measuring adequacy, case generation. In traditional testing, used transform program under test. contrast, our applied on generate cases, hence operators....

Automated test framework plays a significant role in driven software development methodologies. The XUnit family of testing tools has been widely used the industry. However, they are weak supporting case generation and result checking. In this paper we propose new kind automation by integrating data mutation metamorphic methods. A tool for unit Java class called JFuzz is presented. Its uses illustrated examples.

An ontology is a conceptualisation of domain knowledge. It employed in semantic web services technologies to describe the meanings so that they can be dynamically searched for and composed according their meanings. essential dynamic service discovery, composition, invocation. Whether an well constructed has tremendous impact on accuracy description service, complexity definitions, efficiency processing messages passed between services, precision recall rates retrieval from registrations....

In years, navigability has become the pivot of Web site designs. Existing works fall into two categories. The first is to evaluate and assess a site's against set criteria or check list. second analyse usage data site, such as server log files. This work investigates metric approach measurement. comparison with existing assessment analysis methods, metrics have advantages objectiveness possibility using automated tools large-scale sites. proposes number for measurement based on measuring...

Testing Web services (WS) application systems is difficult and expensive. It imposes great challenges to existing testing methods, techniques tools. This paper analyses the problems in WS applications proposes a service oriented framework solve problems. enables collaborations between various parties involved development of via request providing. also special be provided as perform tasks on behalf their customers. The key technical issues approach are discussed

Design patterns are usually applied in a composed form with each other. It is crucial to be able formally reason about how can and prove the properties of patterns. Based on our previous work formal specification design reasoning their properties, this paper focuses composition A notion respect overlaps defined based two operations patterns, which specialisation pattern constraints lifting subset components as key. The illustrated by composite, strategy observer case study formalisation...

This paper presents a method of component testing based on algebraic specifications. An algorithm for generating checkable test cases is proposed. A prototype tool called CASCAT Java Enterprise Beans developed. It has the advantages high degree automation, which include case generation, harness construction and result checking. achieves scalability by allowing incremental integration. also allows to focus subset used functions key properties, thus suitable testing. The reports an...

Given the rapid rise of model-driven software development methodologies, it is highly desirable that tools be developed to support use design patterns in this context. This paper presents such a tool, called LAMBDES-DP, with UML diagrams as models. Its theoretical foundation descriptive semantics first order logic, and are formally specified same language. The tool uses LAMBDES system translate into their invokes theorem prover SPASS decide whether conforms pattern. Our experiments show our...

In a pattern-oriented software design process, decisions are made by selecting and instantiating appropriate patterns, composing them together. our previous work, we enabled these to be formalized defining set of operators on patterns with which instantiations compositions can represented. this article, investigate the algebraic properties operators. We provide prove complete laws so that equivalence between pattern expressions proven. Furthermore, define an always-terminating normalization...

Spatial accessibility is an essential manifestation of social equity and spatial planning. However, when examining accessibility, systematic review studies dominate the literature, with fewer employing evaluative relational bibliometric approaches. Thus, to provide a comprehensive overview research from 1999 2022, works literature referenced analyzed by Web Science during 1999–2022 were analyzed: bibliometrics scientific mapping methods using R software, biblioshiny web program, tidyverse...

This paper reports an evaluation of ChatGPT's capability generating R programming language code from natural input. A dataset specially designed for program was constructed with metadata to support scenario-based testing and generation capabilities in various usage scenarios different levels difficulty types programs. The takes a multiple attempt process which the tester tries complete task through number attempts until satisfactory solution is obtained or gives up after fixed maximal...

With the growing popularity of cloud computing number service providers and services have significantly increased. Thus selecting best becomes a challenging task for prospective users. The process involves various factors such as characteristics models services, user requirements knowledge, level agreement (SLA), to name few. This paper investigates into selection tools, techniques by taking account distinguishing services. It also reviews analyses academic research well commercial tools in...

Adequate testing of AI applications is essential to ensure their quality. However, it often prohibitively difficult generate realistic test cases or check software correctness. This paper proposes a new method called datamorphic testing, which consists three components: set seed cases, datamorphisms for transforming and metamorphisms checking results. With an example face recognition application, the demonstrates how develop frameworks, illustrates perform in various strategies, validates...

Algebraic testing is an automated software method based on algebraic formal specifications. It has the advantages of highly process and independence software's implementation details. This paper applies to components. An tool called CASCAT for Java components presented. A case study shows high fault detecting ability.

Microservices is a flexible architectural style that has many advantages over the alternative monolithic style. These include better performance and scalability. It particularly suitable, widely adopted, for cloud-based applications, because in this architecture software system consisting of large suite services fine granularity, each running its own process communicating with others. However, programming such systems more complex. In paper we report on CIDE, an integrated development...