Abstract Climate change-induced warming effects are already evident in river ecosystems, and projected increases temperature will continue to amplify stress on fish communities. In addition, many rivers globally impacted by dams, which have negative fishes altering flow, blocking passage, changing sediment composition. However, some systems, dams present an opportunity manage through regulated releases of cooler water. For example, there is a government mandate for Kenney dam operators the...

Hemoglobin (Hb) multiplicity is common in fish, yet despite its ubiquitous nature, the functional significance unclear. Here we explore hypothesis that Hb plays a role hypoxia tolerance using red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Red an economically and ecologically important species native to coastal regions estuaries of Gulf Mexico - habitats routinely experience pronounced hypoxic events. Using transcriptomic approach, demonstrate blood cells express 7 5 Hbα Hbβ isoforms, respectively....

Accurate measurements of blood gases and acid–base status require an array sophisticated laboratory equipment that is typically not available during field research; such the case for many studies on stress physiology, ecology conservation elasmobranch fish species. Consequently, researchers have adopted portable clinical analysers were developed analysis human characteristics, but often without thoroughly validating these systems their use fish. The aim our study was to test suitability...

The recent ubiquitous detection of PRV among salmonids has sparked international concern about the cardiorespiratory performance infected wild and farmed salmon. Piscine orthoreovirus (PRV) been shown to create substantial viremia in salmon by targeting erythrocytes for principle replication. In some instances, infections develop into heart skeletal muscle inflammation (HSMI) or other pathological conditions affecting respiratory system. Critical assessing seriousness are controlled...

ABSTRACT Thermal dependence of growth and metabolism can influence thermal preference tolerance in marine ectotherms, including threatened data-deficient species. Here, we quantified the physiological performance neonates a tropical shark species (blacktip reef shark, Carcharhinus melanopterus) from shallow, nearshore habitats. We measured minimum maximum oxygen uptake rates (ṀO2), calculated aerobic scope, excess post-exercise consumption recovery exercise, critical maxima (CTmax), safety...

Mitochondrial function has been suggested to underlie constraints on whole-organism aerobic performance and associated hypoxia thermal tolerance limits, but most studies have focused measures of maximum mitochondrial capacity. Here we investigated whether variation in oxygen kinetics could contribute local adaptation plasticity response temperature using two subspecies the Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) acclimated a range temperatures (5, 15, 33 °C). The southern F. heteroclitus,...

Abstract Background Viruses can impose energetic demands on organisms they infect, in part by hosts mounting resistance. Recognizing that oxygen uptake reliably indicates steady-state energy consumption all vertebrates, we comprehensively evaluated and select transcriptomic messaging sockeye salmon challenged with either a virulent rhabdovirus (IHNV) or low-virulent reovirus (PRV). We tested three hypotheses relating to the costs of viral resistance tolerance this vertebrate system: (1)...

Abstract To assess the potential impact of “tag effect” on seaward‐migrating Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch , presmolt juveniles were surgically implanted with acoustic transmitters followed by exposure to freshwater (FW, 0‰ salinity) or seawater (SW; 30‰ for 24 h and then subjected repeated critical swimming speed ( U crit ) trials. Three different experimental tag‐treatment groups established: control (no surgery), sham (surgery but no tag), tagged (surgically a range 9–12 fish in each...

Abstract This paper is based on discussions held at the close of Elementary Science Summer Study Newton, Massachusetts, in summer 1962. The a part total effort Educational Services Incorporated and Drs. Morrison Walcott have been presumably will continue to be active ESS program. present statement, while 1962 Study, should give reader some insight into work group which has more production elementary science curriculum materials than any other organization. Further information fan obtained by...

Smalleye Pacific opah and swordfish can conserve metabolic heat maintain specific body regions warmer than ambient water temperature (i.e. regional heterothermy). Consequently, blood O2 uptake at the gills occurs environmental which individual is found, but offloading will occur different temperatures in tissues. While several regionally heterothermic fishes (e.g. billfishes, tunas sharks) show a reduced effect on haemoglobin (Hb)-O2 affinity, dependence of Hb-O2 affinity unknown. We...

The extinct Steller’s sea cow ( Hydrodamalis gigas ; †1768) was a whale-sized marine mammal that manifested profound morphological specializations to exploit the harsh coastal climate of North Pacific. Yet despite first-hand accounts their biology, little is known regarding physiological adjustments underlying evolution this environment. Here, adult-expressed hemoglobin (Hb; α 2 β/δ ) sirenian shown harbor fixed amino acid replacement at an otherwise invariant position (β/δ82Lys→Asn) alters...

Haemoglobin (Hb)-O2 binding affinity typically decreases with increasing temperature, but several species of ectothermic and regionally endothermic fishes exhibit reduced Hb thermal sensitivity. Regionally sharks, including the common thresher shark (Alopias vulpinus) lamnid sharks such as shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), can maintain select tissues organs warmer than ambient temperature by retaining metabolic heat vascular exchangers. In bigeye superciliosus), diurnal movements above...

The prevalence and intensity of the trematode, Otodistomum hydrolagi, were determined for first time in Spotted Ratfish, Hydrolagus colliei. Ratfish specimens collected during bottom-trawl surveys Queen Charlotte Sound (QCS, n = 31) off west coast Vancouver Island (WCVI, 242). In all instances, flukes found within abdominal cavity. Most mature (intrauterine eggs present) ranged length from 9.1 to 61.5 mm, with a mean ± SD 28.5 12.1 mm (n 52). Fluke was positively correlated precaudal (PCL),...

Abstract The extinct Steller’s sea cow ( Hydrodamalis gigas ; †1768) was a whale-sized marine mammal that manifested profound morphological specializations to exploit the harsh coastal climate of North Pacific. Yet despite first-hand accounts their biology, little is known regarding physiological adjustments underlying evolution this environment. Here, adult-expressed hemoglobin (Hb; α 2 β/δ ) sirenian shown harbor fixed amino acid replacement at an otherwise invariant position...