In this paper, an approach is proposed toward two-dimensional (2D) beam tailoring in the terahertz band based on programmable metasurface loaded with liquid crystals. Specifically, a 1-bit reflective element designed switchable phase responses, and subsequently, individually controllable array 2D fashion achieved by pixelating metallic reflection back plate. As typical examples, metasurfaces operating around 94 220 GHz are developed, respectively, both simulation experimental results confirm...

An extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetomechanical antenna with the size of one-millionth wavelength based on a three-phase induction motor is reported, whose working frequency no longer limited by resonant wavelength. The rotating nonmagnetic material shell just equivalent to magnetic dipole 1.5 times moment. It can transmit modulated electromagnetic (EM) signal modulating speed motor. A near-field ELF EM transmission experiment system constructed <inline-formula...

In this article, a long-range underwater electromagnetic (EM) communication system is proposed based on an ultracompact extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetomechanical transmission antenna (UEMTA). The transmitter mainly includes waveform generator, variable frequency drive (VFD), and three-phase induction motor. receiver consists of 200-turn coil signal analyzer. Based the equivalent model rotating magnetic dipole, principles EM across interface water air are analyzed. ELF wave propagating...

Abstract Due to the powerful capability in manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves, digital coding and programmable metasurfaces have found vast application prospects across numerous areas such as next‐generation wireless communications holography. Liquid crystals (LCs), dielectric materials with significant birefringence effect over a wide frequency range, provide cost‐effective solution for achieving flexible EM manipulations, especially terahertz (THz) band. Different from conventional 1D...

A novel dual-port phase antenna is proposed to realize 2-D scanning. The consists of two monopoles on both sides and a fishbone structure in the middle. By changing difference <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\Delta \varphi }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> between monopoles, energy coupled structure, exciting different degrees superposition even odd modes. continuous switching from broadside lobe end-fire realized, it has characteristic Furthermore, provide an in-depth insight...

A novel low-profile phased antenna with dual-port and its two types of 1-D linear array to 2-D space wide-angle beam scanning are proposed. The unit is composed fishbone structure rhombus parasitic patch, which folded into n-shaped low profile <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.08\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> . By adjusting the phase difference ( notation="LaTeX">$\Delta \varphi$ )...

Millimeter-wave and terahertz frequency bands are receiving more attention due to their big potentials for widespread applications such as in high-speed communications high-resolution imaging. Nevertheless, limited by the functional materials devices these bands, we face lots of challenges towards high efficiency, precision, multi-domain electromagnetic manipulations that urgently required practical application scenarios. The emergence metasurfaces, especially digital coding metasurfaces...

A wideband circularly polarized periodic leaky-wave antenna (PLWA) using a novel unit cell with X-shaped slot is proposed. The fed by 50- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> microstrip line an stub closely on top of it. Furthermore, equivalent circuit the proposed established and verified. Approaches are introduced to enhance impedance circular polarization...

A design approach of triband conformal monopolar antenna combining cavity mode and equivalent circuit (Ec) is proposed. First, based on analysis, two lower closer resonant frequencies in the VHF-band are generated by introducing slot rings circles short vias to a circular parallel-plate structure. Second, its Ec extracted modified. Then, geometry structure improved accordingly. An inverted truncate cone introduced modify characteristic impedance monolithic radial transmission line obtain an...

A novel compact wideband load-bearing planar inverted-F fishbone antenna (PIFFA) element and a circularly polarized (CP) unit based on PIFFA are proposed. The main radiator of the is folded structure with dimensions <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.14\lambda _{0} \times 0.19\lambda 0.15\lambda _{0}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , which excited by monopole. It works in hybrid mode dominated...

This paper proposes a low-profile magneto-electric (ME) dipole antenna based on comb structure as well its application in frequency-scanning array with ground. Both the magnetic and electric of ME consist structure. Owing to subwavelength characteristics structure, profile proposed is reduced by 72% 0.065λc (λc, wavelength at center frequency), compared conventional antenna. The measured results show single has an impedance bandwidth 14.65% (2.34 - 2.71GHz), high gain (∼ 8 dBi),...

An m-shapedspoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) structure as well its application into end fire antenna with vertical polarization, low profile and compact size are proposed to be conformal vehicle shell. Beside the primary odd SSPPs mode in center, extra even at top horizontal arms of introduced through folded arms. Consequently, end-fire pattern can adjusted by varying aperture size. The multiple modes enable operate dual bands. 1 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

&lt;p&gt;The generalized principle of pattern multiplication (GPPM) and its application to wide-angle scanning array are investigated. It includes the element factor (GEF), (GAF), their beam match condition. The GEF model based on phase mode currents in an aperture is given. A phase-mode antenna (PMA) with dual ports designed realize function unit aperture. prototype PMA exhibits a main lobe range -43.9° 43.9° at 2.4 GHz. 1-D four-element phased using spacing 0.7λ GPPM verify GPPM. can scan...

We demonstrate analytically the technique and arrangement of nanoparticle antenna arrays with enhancement optical characteristics at an frequency regime. The array are enhanced by introducing inverse active spherical coated (I-CNP). This is designed combined already demonstrated CNPs. Consequently, three types CNPs their inverse-based plasmonic nano-antenna configurations have been studied: two CNP configurations, (I-CNP) a I-CNP configuration in presence passive elements. Detailed...

A space scanning SSPPs antenna with phase mode by dual-port feeding is proposed. The composed of two trapezoidal monopoles, four loaded circular patches, a symmetrical transmission line and diamond modulation structures. By changing the difference between ports to generate odd mode, even mixed modes SSPPs, beam in wide 3-D range was realized, within frequency band 4.4~538 GHz.

A long range dipole with omnidirectional pattern based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) structure is presented in this paper. The consists of an SSPPs and two monopoles reversed phase. Although the length twice wavelength center frequency, it can have stable high gain beam non-bifurcation characteristics at same time. realized 4.6-6.3 dB within band 4.4-4.55 GHz 5.45-5.55 GHz.

A low-profile dual-band vertically polarized omnidirectional antenna is proposed. By introducing cylindrical shorting pins and annular gap, the reduction in size realized. The simulated results by CST Microwave Studio software indicate that antenna's radiation patterns exhibit property within frequency band of 69~72MHz 317~347MHz.

In this paper, a new design of reconfigurable antenna based on spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) parity mode switching is proposed. The just uses one PIN diode realize the between omnidirectional radiation pattern and directional pattern. For simplicity, metal block added in simulation to simulate conduction diode, removed disconnection diode. simulated results show that works within 5.52GHz-5.62GHz by off. When on, endfire can be obtained its operating frequency 5.46GHz-5.6GHz with...

The transmission loss of EM wave under water is very large and only the VLF/ELF may be available with huge antenna. system based on miniaturized mechanical antenna investigated in short distance. Multiple sets experiments underwater across interface air-water distance were carried out. And terminal received clear signals despite differences between those cases.

A novel dual-port antenna with reconfigurable meta-surface is proposed. When the excited through single-port, its pattern end-fire. same phase, bidirectional broadside. To achieve directional radiation, a metasurface introduced to realize two states including equivalent PEC and PMC. With different excitation modes of metasurface, reflector can obtain five typical patterns. The main lobe deflect 49° hign gain over 9 dBi. In addition, has small size 0.23λ × 0.32λ. It be predicted that proposed...