Abstract When reasoning about time, English‐speaking adults often invoke a “mental timeline” stretching from left to right. Although the direction of timeline varies across cultures, tendency represent time as line has been argued be ubiquitous and primitive. On this hypothesis, we might predict that children also spontaneously spatial when time. However, little is known how mental develops, or what extent it variable malleable in childhood. Here, used sticker placement task test whether...

Black and Latine parents play a crucial role in shaping adolescents' math science motivation science, technology, engineering, (STEM) course taking. However, providing extensive support across various behaviors may not always be feasible nor optimal. Analyzing data from 4,230 families (47% Latine, 46% Black; 50% girls; 70% noncollege educated parents), we identified six distinct parent profiles using the High School Longitudinal Study of 2009 set. Four patterns showed higher engagement (high...

Children's work habits at school include being a hard worker, turning in on time, following classroom rules, and putting forward one's best effort. Models youth character, noncognitive skills, social-emotional learning suggest that self-management skills like are critical for individuals' subsequent academic success. Using data from 1,124 children the NICHD Study of Early Childcare Youth Development (49% female; 77% White), we examined children's developing first to sixth grade their...

The COVID-19 pandemic has financial and emotional impacts on families. We explored how caregivers' strain mental health are associated with changes in their young children's behavior during the pandemic. additionally considered whether having a sense of purpose moderated these associations. Caregivers (n = 300) emergency department hospital were surveyed anonymously about to employment (e.g., reduced/increased hours job loss), ability pay for expenses child's had changed. Aligned Family...

AbstractAbstractGuided by the ecological model of civic development, this study examined extent to which growth in children's self-control during middle childhood predicted their engagement at age 26 directly and indirectly via prosociality 15. We used data from 1,042 children (50% female, 77% White) NICHD Study Early Child Care Youth Development. Children's 3rd grade 6th were significantly positively associated with voting 26. In addition these direct links, 15, which, turn, environmental...

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly altered family life, and research among adults families is finding increases in financial stress, mental health problems, screen time, parental conflict, child behavior problems. Given these patterns, we sought to replicate findings with a younger largely non-white sample consider how constructs might relate each other by using the Family Stress Model. From surveys of 247 predominately Latine mothers fathers children under 4 years U.S., found that strain was...

Integrating situated expectancy-value and family systems theories, the current study tested extent to which Latinx adolescents’ 9th-grade school-related science conversations with parents older siblings/cousins positively predicted their 10th-grade ability self-concepts task values. We also whether these links were moderated by who primarily initiated (i.e., adolescents, members, or both). used two-wave, multi-reporter survey data from 104 families, consisting of triads parents,...

How women experience pregnancy as uplifting or a hassle is related to their mental and physical health birth outcomes. Pregnancy during pandemic introduces new hassles, but may offer benefits that could affect how perceive pregnancy. Surveying 118 ethnically racially diverse pregnant women, we explore (1) women's traditional pandemic-related uplifts hassles (2) these experiences of relate feelings loneliness, positivity, depression, anxiety. Regressions show who more intense than also feel...

Abstract The current study used survey data from 786 African American mother–adolescent ( M = 12.29 years; 48% female) dyads to examine profiles of 7th‐grade parental educational involvement and their associations with adolescents' 11th‐grade academic performance, self‐concept, aspirations. Using latent profile analyses, four patterns emerged: (a) Low Involvers; (b) Helpers, Providers; (c) Providers, Helpers; (d) More Involved Helpers Providers. Providers had adolescents higher grades than...

How do children understand the temporal and causal relations among events in a narrative? We explored roles of (a) connectives like before because, (b) clause order, (c) world knowledge supporting children's inferences about narrative. told 3- to 7-year-old stories containing two events. then surprised them by asking retell stories, test what they remembered between Children attended recalled from stories. They were also sensitive ordering clauses their plausibility: more likely modify...